1,721,045 research outputs found
Advances in the analysis of veterinary drug residues in food matrices by capillary electrophoresis techniques
Full text linkIn the last years, the European Commission has adopted restrictive directives on food quality and safety in order to protect animal and human health. Veterinary drugs represent an important risk and the need to have sensitive and fast analytical techniques to detect and quantify them has become mandatory. Over the years, the availability of different modes, interfaces, and formats has improved the versatility, sensitivity, and speed of capillary electrophoresis (CE) techniques. Thus, CE represents a powerful tool for the analysis of a large variety of food matrices and food-related molecules with important applications in food quality and safety. This review focuses the attention of CE applications over the last decade on the detection of different classes of drugs (used as additives in animal food or present as contaminants in food products) with a potential risk for animal and human health. In addition, considering that the different sample preparation procedures have strongly contributed to CE sensitivity and versatility, the most advanced sample pre-concentration techniques are discussed here
A new millifluidic-based gastrointestinal platform to evaluate the effect of simulated dietary methylglyoxal intakes
No full textThe search for new in vitro modular bioreactors to simulate flow-mediated transport and absorption of chemical substances is a very important issue in toxicology and in drug and bioactive delivery research. The possibility of setting up a dynamic microenvironment leads to experimental conditions that may more closely resemble the in vivo model, especially to measure acute or chronic intake of compounds. We propose a novel millifluidic-based gastrointestinal model as an evolution of the common in vitro methods, to evaluate the exposure to exogenous methylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive α-oxoaldehyde responsible for the formation of advanced glycation end products involved in a number of chronic diseases. Gastric and intestinal cells were seeded into two different chambers, creating a multi-compartmental system where fluids dynamically interact with human gastric stromal and intestinal cells. MGO was tested at concentrations simulating different MGO food intakes (meal, daily, and hypothetically weekly). Cell viability was measured over time, and simultaneously, extracellular MGO was quantified by a validated RP-HPLC-DAD method to evaluate its absorption/metabolization. This new platform gives the opportunity to connect different compartments, allowing studying kinetic and metabolic profiles of different substances and representing a very promising alternative to animal models, at least in preliminary investigations
Characterisation by Capillary Electrophoresis of wild type and new naturally amyloidogenic variant of beta2-microglobulin
No full textCapillary electrophoresis in vitro separation of Abeta oligomers as drug targets: the sample preparation issue
No full text"La conoscenza degli animali", in Dalla predazione al dominio. La guerra contro gli animali
No full textFood protein digestion by in vitro static approaches
No full textIn vitro digestion models represent very promising approaches to mimic the physiological digestion processes as predictive of in vivo behaviors or directly alternatives to in vivo experiments. The static approaches are able to reproduce the physiological conditions (pH values and salts, digestive time, and enzyme concentration), monitoring food components digestibility, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability; the only limit is the lack of mechanical aspects of passive diffusion, and consequently the simulation of pH and buffer changes over time. Despite this, the great advantages of rapidity and low costs make static models widely diffused to monitor digestion of different food matrices and compounds. In this chapter, we focused our attention on the application of in vitro static approaches in the study of food protein digestion with an in-depth analysis of the international consensus static digestion protocol (COST action INFOGEST) and its evolution over the years. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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