1,721,016 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Computed tomography-histologic correlations in lung cancer
No full textThe multidisciplinary approach is ideal in the management of patients with lung cancer. Multidisciplinary evaluation strengthens the differential diagnosis of aspecific radiological findings, indeed. Notably, the differential diagnosis of early stage lung cancer is a current challenge of CT imaging because the earlier the detection, the lower the accuracy of radiological features. This is particularly true for the most common subtype of lung cancer, adenocarcinoma, because it shows various radiological features. Such variety is also reflected by the 2011 classification of lung cancer, that likely affected the diagnostic agreement between radiologist and clinician. This review discusses the common issues of lung cancer diagnosis by paired radiological-histologic interpretation of CT findings
CO 14-1490 - Noduli Subsolidi: Analisi Radiologico-Epidemiologica dei Pattern di Evoluzione
No full textPrevalence and features of pleural abnormalities in lung cancer screening trial: relation with asbestos exposure and risk of lung cancer
No full textObjectives:
To describe pleural findings in lung cancer screening participants, to compare asbestos–related pleural findings with self-reported asbestos exposure, and to evaluate relation with lung cancer.
Methods and Materials:
Pleural abnormalities were reviewed in 2301 baseline low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and divided into two categories: “specific” associated to pleural plaques or diffuse pleural thickening, and “unspecific” if otherwise. Pleural abnormalities (Figure 1) and concomitant parenchymal findings (Figure 2) were visually scored. Self- disclosure of asbestos exposure was collected. Frequency of lung cancer was detailed according to presence of pleural findings. Statistical analyses included comparison of mean or median, contingency tables, and odds ratio (OR) of lung cancer. Results:
193/2301 (8.4%) participants showed pleural abnormalities, with 27/2301(1.2%) subjects with specific and 166/2301(7.2%) with unspecific pleural findings. 42/193(21.2%) showed parenchymal abnormalities, with positive association to specific pleural findings (p=0.02). 150/2301(6.5%) subjects disclosed asbestos exposure, with the highest frequency in subjects with specific pleural findings (6/27; 22.2%). Frequency of lung cancer was similar between subjects with or without pleural abnormalities (p=0.39). Lung cancers were 2/27(7.4%) in subjects with specific and 5/166(3.0%) with unspecific pleural findings (p=0.31). Parenchymal abnormalities were significantly associated with risk of lung cancer (OR 12.42).
Conclusion:
Risk of lung cancer was not related to pleural abnormalities, either specific or unspecific. Parenchymal abnormalities were a risk factor for lung cancer among subjects with pleural abnormalities. The majority of subjects with specific pleural findings were not aware of asbestos exposure. LDCT findings should be integrated in models of lung cancer risk
Ground glass nodules: CT-epidemiological analysis of growth patterns
No full textPurpose: To quantify growth patterns of solitary pure ground glass nodules and to relate these pattern to epidemiological factors.
Methods and Materials: Between 2008 and 2011, 95 patients were diagnosed on CT with solitary pure ground glass nodule (pGGN) at our hospital. CT features of pGGNs were evaluated at an initial and a follow-up CT. pGGNs were divided into "persisting" or "resolved". Persisting nodules were further classified according to potential changes in total or solid component diameter into "decreased", "unchanged", and "increased". Clinical and demographic data were recorded. Association of data with morphological pGGNs characteristics were tested with Kruskall-Wallis test and logistic regression.
Results: After a median follow-up of 16 months, 19/95 (20%) pGGNs resolved and 76/95 (80%) persisted. Of the persisting pGGNs, 51/76 (67.1%) were unchanged, 18/76 (23.7%) increased in size, and 7/76 (9.2%) decreased. Growth was more likely with age 67 years and a diameter 10 mm (OR 4.636; p = 0.016). No significant relation was found between pGGNs growth and gender, history of cancer, or pGGN location. pGGN resolution was more likely with age < 67 (OR 3.28; p = 0.04). No difference in diameter was found between resolved and persisting pGGNs (p = 0.21).
Conclusion: As expected, persisting larger pGGNs were more likely to grow than small pGGNs. However, solitary pGGNs were more likely to grow in older than in younger patients. This observation could help to tailor future follow-up recommendations for pGGNs with regard to the seemingly paradoxical influence of patient age
Extension of Pulmonary Fibrosing Diseases: a Comparison of Quantification Scoring Systems
No full textOBJECTIVES
To compare interobserver variability of main visual scoring systems for the quanti cation of global extension of pulmonary interstitial disease among new method of scoring based on HRCT coronal images; de ne which of these scores better correlates with functional de cit.
MATERIAlS AND METHDS
Study population was constituted by 39 patient affected by ILD (20 UIP, 14 NSIP, 4 CPFE and 1 CHP) who underwent both HRCT and PFT. HRCT images were assessed regardless of two trainee radiologists using three different methods of visual scoring: 1) on ve HRCT images at pre-established levels; 2) on three lung zones through “scrolling” of HRCT images; 3) on six HRCT images reformatted for coronal reconstructions. We compared the levels of interobserver variation for each visual scoring method through Bland-Altman test. In addition, we compared correlation between DLco and visual scores obtained with these three different methods.
RESULTS
The 95% LoA of ILD extent between observer 1 and 2 for visual scoring method 1, 2 and 3 were respec- tively -35.2% to 20%, -38.8% to 17.4%, -41.3% to 24.9%. Method 1 had a fair correlation (r = -0.3, p = 0.05) between averaged observers’ scores and DLco. Method 2 reported the lowest correlation (r = -0.2, p = 0.2), while the greatest one was observed for method 3 (r = -0.4, p = 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the visual scoring method based on HRCT coronal images showed the greatest interobserver vari- ability, its use improved correlations between ILD extent on HRCT and DLco
Pleural abnormalities in lung cancer screening trial: prevalence, features, and relation with cancer
No full textPurpose: To describe pleural findings in lung cancer screening participants, to compare asbestos-related pleural findings with self-reported asbestos exposure, and to evaluate relation with lung cancer.
Methods and Materials: Pleural abnormalities were reviewed in 2303 baseline low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and divided into two categories: "specific" associated to pleural plaques or diffuse pleural thickening, and "unspecific" if otherwise. Pleural abnormalities and concomitant parenchymal findings were visually scored according to LDCT features. Self-disclosure of asbestos exposure was collected from each participant. Frequency of lung cancer was detailed according to presence of pleural findings. Statistical analyses included comparison of mean or median, contingency tables, and odds ratio (OR) of lung cancer.
Results: 193/2303 (8.4%) participants showed pleural abnormalities, with 27/2303 (1.2%) subjects with specific and 166/2303 (7.2%) with unspecific pleural findings. 42/193(21.2%) showed parenchymal abnormalities, with positive association to specific pleural findings (p=0.02). 150/2303(6.5%) subjects disclosed asbestos exposure,with the highest frequency in subjects with specific pleural findings (6/27; 22.2%). Frequency of lung cancer was similar between subjects with or without pleural abnormalities (p=0.39). Lung cancers were 2/27 (7.4%) in subjects with specific and 5/166 (3.0%) with unspecific pleural findings (p=0.31). Parenchymal abnormalities were significantly associated with risk of lung cancer (OR 12.42).
Conclusion: Risk of lung cancer was not related to pleural abnormalities, either specific or unspecific. Parenchymal abnormalities were a risk factor for lung cancer among subjects with pleural abnormalities. The majority of subjects with specific pleural findings were not aware of asbestos exposure. LDCT findings should be integrated in models of lung cancer risk
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Ground glass nodules evolution according with an history of tumour
No full textPurpose: To test the relation between oncologic anmnesis and CT pattern of growth in ground glass nodules (GGN).
Methods and Materials: 209 GGNs were diagnosed by CT in 147 subjects at our hospital. Demographic data and anamnesis were recorded. Subjects were categorized according to history of tumor as follows: "oncologic" and "non- oncologic". CT features of each GGN were assessed from an initial and a follow-up CT. GGNs of each category were then divided into "persisting" or "resolved". Pattern of growth in persisting GGNs was defined by an increase of total diameter or an appearance/increase of solid component diameter. Association of oncologic anamnesis with GGN growth was tested by Fisher's exact test and Kruskall-Wallis test.
Results: The 209 GGNs were found in 98/147 (66.7%) oncologic and 49/147 (33.3%) non-oncologic subjects. Pure GGNs (pGGN) were evenly represented in oncologic (91.9%) and non-oncologic (83.6%) subjects (p = 0.09). Disappearance rate was similar between non-oncologic (13.1%) and oncologic (20.27%) category (p = 0.24). Persisting GGNs showed similar growth rate between non-oncologic (30%) and oncologic (22.9%) subjects (p = 0.34). Growth pattern was associated with CT features of GGN, namely, diameter > 10 mm in pGGNs (HR = 15.43) and presence of solid component (HR = 23.08).
Conclusion: GGNs showed the same rate of growth pattern in either oncologic or non-oncologic subjects. Growth was related to CT features of GGN in all subjects, despite history of tumor. Therefore, CT management of GGN in oncologic patients should follow the same parameters used for non-oncologic subjects
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