177,096 research outputs found
Estudi immunogenètic de les quimiocines CCL4 i CCL4L : exemple i model de la complexitat de la superfamília de les quimiocines
No full textDescripció del recurs: el 19-08-2008Consultable des del TDXTítol obtingut de la portada digitalitzadaEls resultats d'aquesta tesi doctoral, presentada per compendi de publicacions, es divideixen en 2 grups: A) Basats en la variabilitat de CCL4 i CCL4L: Article: Multiple Products Derived from Two CCL4 Loci: High Incidence of a New Polymorphism in HIV+ Patients. Roger Colobran, Patricia Adreani, Yaqoub Ashhab, Anuska Llano, José A. Esté, Orlando Dominguez, Ricardo Pujol-Borrell, and Manel Juan. The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 174: 5655-5664. Els locus CCL4 i CCL4L originen les quimiocines CCL4 i CCL4L, que estan altament relacionades. En aquest treball es demostra que ambdós gens produeixen trànscrits originats per splicing alternatiu mancats de l'exó 2 (anomenats CCL4Δ2 i CCL4LΔ2). Per altra banda, el locus CCL4L presenta un polimorfisme de nucleòtid únic (rs4796195) situat a la seqüència acceptora de tall-i-unió (splicing) de l'intró 2, donant lloc a dues variants al·lèliques: CCL4L1 (la originalment descrita) i CCL4L2, on aquesta seqüència acceptora de tall desapareix i l'ús de noves seqüències de tall acceptores al voltant de la original, dóna lloc a la generació de múltiples trànscrits diferents als generats per CCL4L1. En un estudi cas-control es demostra que la variant CCL4L2 està significativament augmentada en els pacients HIV+ respecte una població control. Això demostra que CCL4L2 és un factor de susceptibilitat per a la infecció per HIV. Article: Confusión entre CCL4 y CCL4L1: Un ejemplo a tener en cuenta cuando se usan reactivos de terceras partes. R. Colobran, M. Juan. Inmunología, Vol. 26 / Núm 1/ Enero-Marzo 2007: 51-54. En aquest treball es descriuen errors en la seqüència aminoacídica de les proteïnes CCL4 i CCL4L1 comercialitzades per algunes empreses. Article: Population Structure in Copy Number Variation (CNV) and SNPs in the CCL4L Chemokine Gene. Roger Colobran, David Comas, Rosa Faner, Edurne Pedrosa, Roger Anglada, Ricardo Pujol-Borrell, Jaume Bertranpetit, Manel Juan. Genes and Immunity, Submitted. En aquest treball s'integra l'anàlisis de variacions de nombre de còpia (CNV) i SNPs (rs4796195 and rs3744595) en el gen CCL4L. S'ha quantificat el nombre de còpies del gen CCL4L i s'han genotipat els dos SNPs en el panell HGDP-CEPH, que conté 1064 individus de 52 poblacions mundials. Per primera vegada presentem dades de poblacions mundials que combinen els dos tipus de variació genòmica (CNVs i SNPs) i els nostres resultats mostren una clara estructura poblacional: les poblacions de l'Àfrica Subsahariana són les que tenen un nombre més elevat de còpies de CCL4L (mitja = 4,32) i les poblacions Europees són les que en tenen menys (mitja = 1,89). B) Basats en la variabilitat global de la superfamília de les quimiocines: Article: The chemokine network. I. How the genomic organization of chemokines contains clues for deciphering their functional complexity. R. Colobran, R. Pujol-Borrell, Ma P. Armengol and M. Juan. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2007, 148: 208-217. En aquesta primera revisió analitzem les dades actuals sobre la família de les quimiocines, bàsicament sobre la seva organització genòmica. S'interpreta aquesta organització genòmica en relació a les principals funcions adquirides pels seus membres individuals o pels clusters de gens que es formen. Article: The chemokine network. II. On how polymorphisms and alternative splicing increase the number of molecular species and configure intricate patterns of disease susceptibility. R. Colobran, R. Pujol-Borrell, Ma P. Armengol and M. Juan. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2007, 150: 1-12. En aquesta segona revisió sobre quimiocines, ens centrem en els polimorfismes i els fenòmens d'splicing alternatiu i les seves conseqüències en malaltia.The results of this doctoral thesis, presented as compendium of works, can be divided in two main groups: A) Based on the variability of CCL4 and CCL4L: Manuscript: Multiple Products Derived from Two CCL4 Loci: High Incidence of a New Polymorphism in HIV+ Patients. Roger Colobran, Patricia Adreani, Yaqoub Ashhab, Anuska Llano, José A. Esté, Orlando Dominguez, Ricardo Pujol-Borrell, and Manel Juan. The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 174: 5655-5664. CCL4 and CCL4L loci codify for CCL4 and CCL4L chemokines, that are highly related. In this work we demonstrate that both loci produce alternatively spliced transcripts that lacks intron 2 (called CCL4Δ2 and CCL4LΔ2). Moreover, CCL4L locus show a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, rs4796195) located in the acceptor splice site of intron 2, splitting CCL4L into two allelic variants: CCL4L1 (the originally described one) and CCL4L2. In CCL4L2 the original acceptor splice site desappears and several new acceptor splice sites surrounding the original one are used, displaying multiple transcripts differents to those generated to CCL4L1. In a case-control study we demonstrate that the variant CCL4L2 is significantly increased in HIV patients with respect to the control population. Therefore, CCL4L2 is a susceptibility factor for HIV infection. Manuscript: Confusion Between CCL4 and CCL4L1: An Example to Bear in Mind when Using Third-Party Reagents. R. Colobran, M. Juan. Inmunología, Vol. 26 / Núm 1/ Enero-Marzo 2007: 51-54. In this work, we describe errors in the aminoacidic sequences of CCL4 and CCL4L1 proteins delivered by several companies. Manuscript: Population Structure in Copy Number Variation (CNV) and SNPs in the CCL4L Chemokine Gene. Roger Colobran, David Comas, Rosa Faner, Edurne Pedrosa, Roger Anglada, Ricardo Pujol-Borrell, Jaume Bertranpetit, Manel Juan. Genes and Immunity, Submitted. In this study we integrate the analysis of CNV and SNPs, combining the assessment of gene copy number with the genotyping of relevant SNPs in human CCL4L chemokine gene. We have quantified the CCL4L copy number and genotyped both SNPs in samples from HGDP-CEPH Diversity Panel, that contains 1064 individuals of 52 worldwide populations. For the first time, we report worldwide population data combining both types of variation, CNV and SNPs, and our results show a clear population structure: Subsaharian Africa populations have the higher number of CCL4L copies (mean = 4,32) and European populations have the lower number of CCL4L copies (mean = 1,89). B) Based on the global variability of chemokine superfamily: Manuscript: The chemokine network. I. How the genomic organization of chemokines contains clues for deciphering their functional complexity. R. Colobran, R. Pujol-Borrell, Ma P. Armengol and M. Juan. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2007, 148: 208-217. In this first review, we analyse currently available data on the chemokine superfamily, focusing on its complex genomic organization. We will try to interpret this genomic organization of chemokines in relation to the main functions acquired by each individual member or by each cluster. Manuscript: The chemokine network. II. On how polymorphisms and alternative splicing increase the number of molecular species and configure intricate patterns of disease susceptibility. R. Colobran, R. Pujol-Borrell, Ma P. Armengol and M. Juan. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2007, 150: 1-12. In this second review on chemokines, we focus on the polymorphisms and alternative splicings and on their consequences in disease
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Liftings for noncomplete probability spaces
No full textThe current state of knowledge concerning liftings for noncomplete probability spaces is discussed. This is a somewhat expanded version of the author's talk given at the 1991 Summer Conference on General Topology and Applications in Honor of Mary Ellen Rudin and Her Work.PT: S; CR: BURKE MR, IN PRESS P AM MATH S BURKE MR, 1991, ISRAEL J MATH, V73, P33 BURKE MR, 1992, ISRAEL J MATH, V79, P289 CARLSON T, THEOREM LIFTING CHRISTENSEN JPR, 1974, TOPOLOGY BOREL STRUC FREMLIN DH, 1989, HDB BOOLEAN ALGEBRAS, P877 INOESCUTULCEA A, 1966, 5TH P BERK S MATH ST, V2 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1967, CONTRIBUTIONS PROB 1, P63 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1969, TOPICS THEORY LIFTIN JECH TJ, 1978, SET THEORY JOHNSON RA, 1980, P AM MATH SOC, V80, P234 JUST W, IN PRESS T AM MATH S KUPKA J, 1983, INDIANA U MATH J, V32, P717 LOSERT V, 1983, LNM, V1080, P95 MAHARAM D, 1958, P AM MATH SOC, V9, P987 SHELAH S, 1983, ISRAEL J MATH, V45, P90 TALAGRAND M, 1982, P AM MATH SOC, V84, P379 VONNEUMANN J, 1931, CRELLES J MATH, V165, P109; NR: 18; TC: 0; J9: ANN N Y ACAD SCI; PG: 4; GA: BZ86BSource type: Electronic(1
Hansen, Lee (Lee R.). Union, non-union, and managerial pay plan state employees, 2008-2019
No full text1 online resource (2 pages)"July 1, 2021."Provides the number of union and non-union state employees in each of the last 14 years. Also provides the number of state employees paid under the state's managerial pay plan during each of those years. Updates OLR research report 2019-R-011
Graves' disease TSHR-stimulating antibodies (TSAbs) induce the activation of immature thymocytes: a clue to the riddle of TSAbs generation?
No full textGraves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune thyroid disease defined by the production of stimulating autoantibodies to the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) (TSAbs) that induce a sustained state of hyperthyroidism in patients. We previously demonstrated that TSHR, the target of this autoimmune response, is also a key susceptibility gene for GD, probably acting through thymic-dependent central tolerance. We also showed that TSHR is, unexpectedly, expressed in thymocytes. In this report, we confirm the expression of TSHR in thymocytes by protein immunoblotting and quantitative PCR, and show that expression is confined to maturing thymocytes. Using functional assays, we show that thymic TSHR is functional and that TSAbs can stimulate thymocytes through this receptor. This new activity of TSAbs on thymocytes may: 1) explain GD-associated thymic enlargement (hyperplasia), and 2) suggest the provocative hypothesis that the continuous stimulation of thymocytes by TSAbs could lead to a vicious cycle of iterative improvement of the affinity and stimulating capability of initially low-affinity antibacterial (e.g., Yersinia) Abs cross-reactive with TSHR, eventually leading to TSAbs. This may help to fill one of the gaps in our present understanding of unusual characteristics of TSAbs
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