1,720,954 research outputs found
Evaluación del impacto de pruebas diagnósticas por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa multiplex en el uso de antibióticos en pacientes con infecciones graves en un hospital de alta complejidad en Cali Colombia, 2018- 2019.
Full text linkSe estima que la mortalidad actual por resistencia bacteriana es de 700 mil vidas por año, y para el 2050 esta frecuencia podría aumentar a 10 millones, si no se realiza un control a la resistencia bacteriana. En las últimas décadas el consumo de antibióticos incremento en Latinoamérica, en consecuencia en Colombia las carbapenemasas han aumentado y diseminado en todo el territorio. Para la institución en la que se desarrolló el estudio los mecanismos de resistencia son mayores al 20% a algunos antibióticos, ante esta situación de resistencia bacteriana se buscaron posibles estrategias de intervención. En este caso se implementó una prueba de PCR multiplex (Filmarray®). En esta investigación se propuso evaluar el impacto de pruebas moleculares de detección multiplex en el uso de antibióticos en pacientes con infecciones del SNC y del torrente sanguíneo, en un hospital de alta complejidad en Cali Colombia, 2018-2019. Es un estudio observacional de cohorte retrospectivo apareado 1:1, mediante las variables diagnóstico, edad, fecha de hospitalización, ubicación. En este estudio la PCR multiplex no se asoció con el cambio de decisión clínica, contrario a estudios que demostraron este tipo de prueba produjo cambió en la conducta clínica en el 54% de los pacientes. Otros estudios, describen que la implementación de la PCR multiplex, influye en una menor utilización de antibióticos empíricos inapropiados similar a estos resultados. Como también, no iniciar terapia antibiótica empírica está asociado a cambio de decisión clínica, lo cual se contrasta con estudios previos en el que el uso de la prueba ayuda al clínico a tomar la decisión de no iniciar antibióticos. La credibilidad del médico tratante al resultado de la prueba o a las recomendaciones del equipo del PROA, puede influir en que la prueba no tenga efecto en la terapia antibiótica sobre otros parámetros de evolución clínica encontró una reducción de tiempo de resultado de la prueba, similar a lo reportado por Radmard y cols, en él señalan que uno de los principales beneficios de la prueba es la rapidez de los resultados Finalmente, se encontró que los pacientes con alta sospecha de infección grave tienen diferencias de tiempos de 2 días y medio para sospecha de sepsis y 3 días y medio para sospecha de meningitis, entre la prueba de PCR multiplex y los cultivos, con potenciales beneficios en la oportunidad de realizar un cambio en la decisión clínica. Además, el cambio de decisión clínica ocurre en 7 de cada 10 pacientes que fueron evaluados posterior a conocer las pruebas diagnósticas, situación que puede estudiarse en mayor profundidad. Como conclusión final, la terapia empírica inadecuada y no recibir terapia empírica se asociaron con cambio de decisión clínica independiente de otros factores incluyendo la PCR multiplex. El impacto de este trabajo contribuye a proveer evidencia para la toma de decisiones a nivel institucional y estrategias de implementación de estas pruebas diagnósticas, frente al programa de uso optimizado de antibióticos en un contexto real de la atención aguda en pacientes con infecciones graves.MaestríaMAGISTER EN EPIDEMIOLOGÍ
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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