1,721,002 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Simulation numérique de la dynamique des instruments à anche : étude des comportements non linéaires de production du son dans les instruments de type saxophone
No full textThis work links features of sound production in woodwinds to the action of the musician, through numerical simulation of a physical model supported by experiments. It focuses on the nonlinear dynamics of the model, as one of the missing links between the acoustical features of the instrument, and how easy it is to play. The results are intended to facilitate future instrument development endeavors that would use a physical model as a virtual prototype. Two fundamentally different simulation methods are used conjointly to provide a robust understanding of the mechanisms governing sound production in woodwind instruments. On the one hand, time-domain synthesis allows large-scale direct investigations into the transients and steady-state oscillations, with the advantage of being interpretable directly in terms of musician actions. On the other hand, the Harmonic Balance Method associated with continuation (Asymptotic Numerical Method) provides a precise, in depth investigation of stable and unstable periodic solution branches throughout the parameter space. This method highlights bifurcations which signal the apparition or disappearance of oscillation regimes: Neimark-Sacker, period doubling, Hopf and fold. These last two are followed by continuation, in codimension two.Experimental results constitute the initial foundation and final validation of numerical simulations. Input impedance measurements allow simulations to be based on the acoustical parameters of real saxophones. This justifies subsequent comparisons of simulated dynamics with phenomena observed in playing situation using an instrumented saxophone mouthpiece. Archetypes of oscillating regimes are explored and connected to musician control parameters, such as the blowing pressure and action on the reed. The so-called standard, inverted and double two-step regimes are revealed and analyzed both experimentally and numerically. The influence of geometrical and modal parameters of the resonator on the instrument’s dynamics is detailed. The dynamic system is characterized globally, by mapping out its oscillation thresholds and regime production regions. Maps representing types of oscillation regimes produced depending on the control parameters constitutes a more detailed way to compare two instruments or fingerings. They are applied to compare two alto saxophones, demonstrate the effect of the register key, and assess sound production on a virtual prototype of bicylindrical resonator. This virtual prototype's geometry is optimized based on the input impedance of a saxophone, using a differentiable cost function well-suited to gradient-based optimization procedures.A more fundamental investigation of woodwind dynamics tackles multistability (different regime being stable for the same control parameter values), which is shown to be ubiquitous on saxophones. The initial conditions leading to different regimes are grouped as attraction basins. Multistability is also characterized in a more musically interpretable way, via a variable blowing pressure transient affecting the obtained steady-state regime. These considerations are applied to improve the regime maps and avoid bias that may be due to overlooking multistable regimes. Improved regime maps are used to demonstrate that the ratio between the first two resonance frequencies leading to the most first register production is not exactly two, but a slightly higher value. The results of this dissertation and the related analysis tools further the understanding of a complex dynamic, that of the saxophone, and open the door to quantitative studies and direct application in virtual prototyping.Cette thèse lie la production de son par les instruments à anches aux actions du musicien, à travers des simulations numériques appliquées à un modèle physique et soutenues par des expériences. On se concentre sur la dynamique non linéaire du modèle, comme l’un des chaînons manquants entre les caractéristiques acoustiques de l’instrument et sa jouabilité. Les résultats doivent faciliter de futurs projets de développement d’instrument qui utiliseraient un modèle physique en tant que prototype virtuel. Deux méthodes de simulation fondamentalement différentes sont utilisées conjointement pour améliorer notre compréhension des mécanismes régissant la production du son dans les instruments à anches. D’un côté, la synthèse temporelle permet des études à grande échelle des phénomènes transitoires et des régimes établis, avec l’avantage d’être interprétable directement en termes d’actions du musicien. D’un autre côté, la Méthode d’Équilibrage Harmonique associée avec la continuation (Méthode Asymptotique Numérique) permet d’explorer l’espace des paramètres de contrôle en suivant les branches de solutions périodiques stables et instables. Cette méthode met en évidence des bifurcations qui marquent l’apparition ou la disparition de régimes oscillants : Neimark-Sacker, doublement de période, Hopf et fold. Ces deux dernières sont suivies par continuation, en codimension 2.Les résultats expérimentaux constituent à la fois un préalable et une validation finale des simulations numériques. Des mesures d’impédance d’entrée permettent de fonder les simulations sur les paramètres acoustiques de vrais saxophones. Ceci justifie les comparaisons ultérieures entre la dynamique simulée et les phénomènes observés en situation de jeu effectuées à l’aide d’un bec instrumenté.Des formes archétypales de régimes d’oscillations sont étudiés et liés aux paramètres de contrôle du musicien que sont la pression d’alimentation et l’appui de la lèvre sur l’anche. Les régimes à deux états dits standard, inversé, et double, sont exhibés et analysés expérimentalement et numériquement.L’influence des paramètres géométriques et modaux du résonateur sur la dynamique de l’instrument est détaillée. Le système dynamique est caractérisé de manière globale, en cartographiant les seuils d’oscillations et les régions de production de régimes. Des cartes représentant les types de régimes oscillants permettent de comparer en détail deux instruments ou deux doigtés d’un même instrument. Ainsi, on compare deux saxophones altos, on illustre l’effet de la clé de registre, et on évalue un prototype virtuel de résonateur bicylindre. La géométrie de ce prototype virtuel est optimisée à partir de l’impédance d’entrée d’un saxophone, à l’aide d’une fonction de coût dérivable adaptée aux méthodes d’optimisations basée sur le gradient.Une étude plus fondamentale de la dynamique des instruments à anches traite du phénomène de multistabilité (plusieurs régimes stables pour une seule valeur des paramètres de contrôle). Sur les saxophones, ce phénomène s’avère très important. Les conditions intiales menant à chaque régime sont regroupées en bassins d’attraction. La multistabilité est aussi caractérisée d’une manière plus proche du jeu musical, via un transitoire variable de pression d’alimentation qui affecte le régime final obtenu. Ces considérations sont appliquées à l’amélioration des cartographies de régimes afin d’éviter les biais qui peuvent apparaître si la multistabilité est négligée. Ces cartographies améliorées démontrent que le rapport entre les deux premières fréquences de résonance du saxophone qui mène à la production la plus importante de premier registre ne vaut pas exactement 2 mais une valeur légèrement plus élevée. Les résultats de cette thèse et les outils d’analyse afférents permettent d’avancer dans la compréhension d’une dynamique complexe, celle du saxophone, et ouvrent la porte à des études quantitatives et à des applications directes de prototypage virtuel
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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