117,581 research outputs found
Foreign direct investment as an engine for economic growth and human development: a review of the arguments and empirical evidence
No full textUntil the 1970s many developing countries – in Latin America and South-East Asia as well as Africa – were rather reluctant to accept foreign investment and pursued a policy of import substitution. But during the past three decades – mainly as a result of the structural adjustment programmes that started in the late 1970s – most developing countries have opened up their economies.1 Countries in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union also opened up during the process of transition from state-controlled to market economies during the 1980s and 1990s. As part of the liberalization policies, and stimulated by international donors such as the World Bank and the IMF, lowincome countries are increasingly adopting policies to attract foreign direct investment (FDI).2 Such policies are based on the belief that FDI could contribute signifi cantly to the growth and development of these nations. This chapter critically assesses the contribution FDI has made – so far – to economic growth and human development in low-income countries. We will review This chapter was originally published as L. Colen, M. Maertens and J. Swinnen, 2009, ‘Foreign direct investment as an engine for economic growth and human development: A review of the arguments and empirical evidence’, Human Rights and International Legal Discourse 3(2) 177-227. The authors would like to thank Matthias Sant’Ana and Lode Berlage for valuable comments
Foreign direct investment as an engine for economic growth and human development: a review of the arguments and empirical evidence
No full textUntil the 1970s many developing countries – in Latin America and South-East Asia as well as Africa – were rather reluctant to accept foreign investment and pursued a policy of import substitution. But during the past three decades – mainly as a result of the structural adjustment programmes that started in the late 1970s – most developing countries have opened up their economies.1 Countries in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union also opened up during the process of transition from state-controlled to market economies during the 1980s and 1990s. As part of the liberalization policies, and stimulated by international donors such as the World Bank and the IMF, lowincome countries are increasingly adopting policies to attract foreign direct investment (FDI).2 Such policies are based on the belief that FDI could contribute signifi cantly to the growth and development of these nations. This chapter critically assesses the contribution FDI has made – so far – to economic growth and human development in low-income countries. We will review This chapter was originally published as L. Colen, M. Maertens and J. Swinnen, 2009, ‘Foreign direct investment as an engine for economic growth and human development: A review of the arguments and empirical evidence’, Human Rights and International Legal Discourse 3(2) 177-227. The authors would like to thank Matthias Sant’Ana and Lode Berlage for valuable comments
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Appendix – Supplemental material for Pediatric Hand and Upper Extremity Injuries Presenting to Emergency Departments in the United States: Epidemiology and Health Care–Associated Costs
No full textSupplemental material, Appendix for Pediatric Hand and Upper Extremity Injuries Presenting to Emergency Departments in the United States: Epidemiology and Health Care–Associated Costs by Alfred Lee, David L. Colen, Justin P. Fox, Benjamin Chang and Ines C. Lin in HAND</p
Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?
No full textIn this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Letter from unknown writer to Jesse L. Boyce
No full textLetter to Jesse L. Boyce from unknown author (possibly Jack) about the investigation into the powder magazine located in the Grand Canyon. Some personal news is included in the letter such as the writer's marriage to the daughter of C.A. Taylor, former Supervisor of Cochise County
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The TEnSE approach to quantitatively compare thermal insulation materials among stakeholders
No full textEurope has about 75% of energy inefficient buildings and 8% of population with
difficulties affording energy bills for keeping adequate levels of thermal comfort in
residential existing buildings. The thermal insulation of existing buildings would allow
to meet the requirements to solve both issues and to align with the Near Zero
Emission Scenario. As the choice of the most suitable thermal insulation material
should consider an ensemble of requirements, this research proposes an approach to
describe thermal insulation materials performance accordingly to four objective
macro-areas, framed in Technical (T), Environmental (En), Social (S) and Economic
(E) topics, namely called TEnSE approach. Thermal insulation materials commonly
used in Italy, Norway, and Portugal were compared within an ensemble of ad-hoc
selected TEnSE parameters to understand which macro-area would mostly affect their
choice among several stakeholders (e.g., Technician, Environmentalist, Safety expert,
Economist). The stakeholder’ score (StS) was defined as the product of the
normalised parameter in TEnSE framework extracted from the Environmental Product
Declaration (EPD) and the importance given to it by each unspecified stakeholder.
None of the selected materials reaches the highest score, so their implementation
might be predominantly driven by the availability of raw material and its workability on
site. Although other parameters could be considered in the TEnSE ensemble for
further analysis, this approach has shown high potentiality in the performance
assessment of thermal insulation materials and can be extended to other fields of
application
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