1,720,958 research outputs found
Comunità come solidarietà: la gestione collettiva dell'energia in tempi di (molteplici) crisi
No full textLa crisi climatica richiede di ripensare come e da chi l’energia viene prodotta e utilizzata. Considerando l’importanza del ruolo di relazioni solidali e pratiche di mutuo aiuto nella risposta a un evento disastroso, il presente contributo sostiene che queste debbano essere integrate nei processi di generazione diffusa dell’energia. Prendendo in considerazione il caso delle comunità energetiche rinnovabili si riflette sulle modalità di costituzione di comunità sociali ed energetiche, analizzando quali sono gli obiettivi, i valori e le caratteristiche che le rendono strumenti importanti nella riduzione delle vulnerabilità dei sistemi energetici.The climate crisis requires to rethink how and by whom energy is produced and used. Considering the importance of the role played by solidarity and mutual aid relationships and practices in disaster preparedness, this contribution argues that these must be integrated into distributed energy systems. Considering the case of Renewable Energy Communities, it reflects on the ways in which social and energy communities are established, analysing what goals, values and characteristics make them important devices in reducing the vulnerabilities of energy systems
Evolving geometries. Power, territory, and knowledge in the infrastructure of energy communities
No full textEnergy communities seem to hold great promise for addressing the challenges of a just energy transition. They are expected to shift energy production to local territories, bring new actors into energy governance and intervene to reshape existing power dynamics. However, these expectations often lead to placing the responsibility for change on communities, as if they were designed to mechanically transform energy systems. This ignores the fact that energy communities navigate through domains of uncertainty where techno-managerial approaches impede the possibilities for radical change. The article suggests that adopting an infrastructural perspective can enhance and innovate the discourse on energy communities in the social sciences. Arguing that both energy infrastructures and energy communities exist in a field of tension in which three crucial infrastructural dimensions – power, territory, and knowledge – create different relational geometries, this paper proposes a new categorisation for understanding energy communities through an infrastructural lens. The aim is to identify which specific geometries of power, territory and knowledge are best positioned to build energy communities capable of challenging the current energy infrastructure. The article states that energy communities are neither conservative nor inherently revolutionary, suggesting that the transformative capacity of energy communities depends on specific infrastructural assemblages
LAVORO E AMBIENTE NELIA TRANSIZIONE ENERGETICA DI RAVENNA: UN INCONTRO DIFFICILE
No full textThe effects of the ecological crisis make it urgent to implement measures aimed at making the energy sector more environmentally sustainable. However, this raises a series of issues related to job stability. This paper aims to reflect on the intersection between energy transition scenarios and a Just Transition. The article presents the results of research conducted in the city of Ravenna, involving workers from the energy company Eni, the two main sector unions, and environmental groups.
The Ravenna area is particularly interesting because it has historically played, and continues to play, a leading role in national energy production and is tied to methane extraction—a fossil fuel that has been seen for decades as a "bridge" for the transition. In this context, various ideas and visions clash and today seem far from being reconciled
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
In transition? Energy systems and decentralisation: the case of Renewable Energy Communities
No full textL’energia ricopre un ruolo centrale nella relazione tra natura e società. Questo rapporto è mediato da grandi centri di produzione, situati a distanza dai luoghi di consumo, secondo un ideale moderno basato sull’organizzazione centralizzata dell’energia. In alternativa a questo paradigma, la decentralizzazione prevede la produzione distribuita di energia rinnovabile e la riformulazione dei rapporti di potere, con un maggiore coinvolgimento degli attori locali. La tesi apporta un contributo teorico ed empirico al dibattito sulle implicazioni della transizione energetica, considerando la centralità del passaggio da un’organizzazione centralizzata dei sistemi energetici a una decentralizzata, attraverso il caso delle Comunità Energetiche Rinnovabili (CER). Le CER sono un’innovazione sociotecnica in cui un gruppo di attori gestisce collettivamente un impianto di energia rinnovabile situato nelle immediate vicinanze, di produrre, consumare e gestire energia. Considerando i sistemi energetici come sistemi sociotecnici dati dalla relazione tra attori, istituzioni e artefatti, è stato elaborato un framework che definisce la decentralizzazione come un processo dato da cambiamenti istituzionali, dal ripensamento del ruolo della conoscenza e della partecipazione, e dalla riconfigurazione infrastrutturale. La ricerca si è articolata su due piani di analisi: un livello macro con riferimento al contesto europeo e italiano; un livello meso, identificato nella città di Bologna, in cui è stata analizzata la sperimentazione di una CER in un distretto residenziale e industriale. Le CER hanno il potenziale di istituire un sistema energetico meno centralizzato: introducono valori e norme alternative, richiedono un riposizionamento delle conoscenze degli utenti e sollecitano un ruolo attivo del territorio nella ristrutturazione infrastrutturale. Tuttavia, si scontrano con le strutture politiche, economiche e sociali incorporate nei sistemi energetici, che si traducono in una profonda riluttanza al cambiamento. La lentezza dei cambiamenti istituzionali, i limiti alla partecipazione e le resistenze infrastrutturali mostrano come l’introduzione di nuovo paradigma dipenda dal rapporto tra le tre dimensioni esaminate.Energy plays a central role in the relationship between nature and society. This relationship is mediated by large production facilities, located at a distance from places of consumption, according to a modern ideal based on the centralised organisation of energy. As an alternative to this paradigm, decentralisation involves the distributed production of renewable energy and the reformulation of power relations, with greater involvement of local actors. This thesis makes a theoretical and empirical contribution to the debate on the implications of the energy transition, considering the centrality of the transition from a centralised organisation of energy systems to a decentralised one, through the case of Renewable Energy Communities (RECs). RECs are a socio-technical innovation in which a group of actors collectively manage a local renewable energy facility to produce, consume and manage energy. Considering energy systems as socio-technical systems given by the relationship between actors, institutions and artefacts, a framework was developed that defines decentralisation as a process given by institutional changes, rethinking the role of knowledge and participation, and infrastructural reconfiguration. The research was articulated on two levels of analysis: a macro level with reference to the European and Italian context; a meso level, identified in the city of Bologna, where the experimentation of a REC in a residential and industrial district was analysed. RECs have the potential to establish a less centralised energy system: they introduce alternative values and standards, require a repositioning of user knowledge, and call for an active role of the territory in infrastructural restructuring. However, they clash with the political, economic and social structures embedded in energy systems, resulting in a profound reluctance to change. Slow institutional change, limits to participation and infrastructural resistance show how that the introduction of a new paradigm depends on the relationship between the three dimensions examined
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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