1,720,966 research outputs found
Antropometria e bioimpedancia eletrica na avaliação nutricional de escolares de baixo nivel socioeconomico
Full text linkOrientador : Antonio de Azevedo Barros FilhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: A avaliação do estado nutricional e da composição corporal em crianças assume implicações importantes para dois dos problemas que afetam a sociedade moderna: a desnutrição e a obesidade. Este estudo tem como objetivo principal avaliar o estado nutricional e a composição corporal de escolares de baixo nível sócio-econômico, matriculados em uma escola da rede pública de ensino no Município de Campinas, SP. Foram avaliados 315 alunos, 161 meninas e 154 meninos, com idade entre 7 a 11 anos, através de medidas de peso, altura, circunferência do braço, circunferência da cintura, pregas cutâneas, bioimpedância elétrica (BIA), e por medidas e índices derivados (área do braço, área muscular do braço, área de gordura do braço, percentual de gordura corporal, índice de massa corporal, peso para altura e altura para idade). Para avaliação do estado nutricional, foi calculada a distribuição do IMC em percentil em relação ao referencial MUST, DALLAL & DIETZ (1991) e o escore z para os índices altura para idade (A/I) e peso para altura (P/A) em relação ao referencial do NCHS (1977). As variáveis foram agrupadas por sexo e idade e transformadas em percentil. Foi observada a distribuição do percentil 50 para peso, altura, IMC, área de gordura do braço (AGB) e área muscular do braço (AMB) em relação a outras populações de referência. As medidas de gordura corporal foram correlacionadas entre si, assim como os valores do percentual de gordura corporal obtidos pelos métodos de bioimpedância e pela antropometria. Foi verificado se existia diferença estatisticamente significante entre as medidas para a avaliação do estado nutricional em função do sexo e da idade. A proporção de sobrepeso (peso para altura = + 2 escore z), foi de 8,0%. O percentil 50 para o peso e a altura, apresentou um delineamento próximo ao percentil 50 do NCHS (1977). O percentil 50 para a área muscular do braço apresentou delineamento inferior ao referencial de FRISANCHO (1981). As medidas de gordura corporal apresentaram forte correlação entre si. Peso, altura, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e área gordura do braço (AGB) foram estatisticamente significantes em função da idade. A Área muscular do braço (AMB), a prega cutânea triciptal (PCT), o percentual de gordura corporal (% GC) e massa magra (MM), foram estatisticamente significante em função do sexo e idade. Pelos métodos antropométricos utilizados esses escolares apresentam alta reserva de gordura e baixa reserva muscular. Essas são em geral condições indicativas de alta reserva de energia e baixa reserva de proteínaAbstract: Assessment of the nutritional state and body composition of children has important implications for two problems that affect modern society: malnutrition and obesity. The main purpose of this study is to assess the nutritional state and body composition of schoolchildren from a poor socioeconomic background, enrolled at a public school in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. This research was conducted on 315 students (161 girls and 154 boys), whose ages ranged between 7 years to 11 years old. The measurements used were: weight, height, arm circumference, waist, skinfold thickness, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and derived indices and measurements (upper arm area, upper arm muscle area, upper arm fat area, percentage of body fat, body mass index, weight/height (W/H), height/age (H/A).The nutritional state was assessed by calculating the BMI percentile using MUST, DALLAL & DIETZ (1991) for reference, and the Z score for the indices H/A and W/H using the NCHS (1997) as reference. The variables were grouped according to sex and age and then transformed into percentiles. In comparison with other population references, the 50 percentile was distributed for weight, BMI, fat area of arm and muscle area of arm. The body fat measurements were found to be correlated and the same occurred with the body fat percentage values obtained using anthropometrics and bioimpedance. A statistically significant difference was found between the nutritional state values for sex and age. The overweight proportion was found to be 8% (W/H = +2 Z score). The 50 percentile for weight and height presented delineation proximal to the NCHS (1977) 50 percentile. The 50 percentile for the upper arm muscle area presented delineation inferior to the FRISANCHO (1981) reference. The body fat measurements showed strong correlation among themselves. Weight, height, BMI and upper arm fat area were statistically significant in relation to age. The upper arm muscle area, the triceps skinfold, the percentage of body fat and the lean mass showed statistical significance with regard to sex and age. The anthropometrics methods used showed that these schoolchildren had high fat reserve and low muscle reserve. These conditions generally indicate high-energy reserve and low protein reserveMestradoCiencias BiomedicasMestre em Ciências Médica
Weight, height, BMI and body composition of school children aged 07 to 17 years in Campinas city - SP, Brazil
No full textOrientador: Antonio de Azevedo Barros FilhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias MedicasResumo: Este é um estudo transversal que teve como objetivo principal comparar peso, a altura, o Índice de massa corporal e a composição corporal de 6998 escolares, de 7 a 17 anos, matriculados em escolas públicas e particulares da rede de ensino do Município de Campinas, SP., além de avaliar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade nos adolescentes. Foram realizadas medidas de peso, altura, circunferência do braço (CB), circunferência da cintura (CC), dobras cutâneas triciptal (DCT) e subescapular (DCSE) e aplicação do método de bioimpedância elétrica (BIA). As medidas derivadas foram índice de massa corporal (IMC), área muscular do braço (AMB), área de gordura do braço (AGB), % de gordura corporal (%GC), massa gorda (MG) e massa magra (MM). As variáveis foram agrupadas por idade, sexo e tipo de escola, e distribuídas em percentil. O IMC foi utilizado para avaliar sobrepeso (P=85) e obesidade (P=95), usando como referencial as curvas do Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2000). Foi verificado se existia diferença estatisticamente significante entre as variáveis em função da idade, sexo e tipo de escola. As medidas de altura, peso e IMC foram estatisticamente significantes, respectivamente, até os 16 anos, 15 anos e 14 anos, em função do tipo de escola, sendo maiores nas escolas particulares. Enquanto as medidas de %GC, MG, DCSE e AGB foram estatisticamente significantes, em todas as idades, em função do sexo e tipo de escola. A prevalência de sobrepeso foi de 11,1% e de obesidade foi de 5,6%. O sobrepeso e a obesidade foram maiores nas escolas particulares do que nas publicas, respectivamente, 14,5% vs 9,2% (p<0,01) e 7,9% vs 4,4% (p<0,01), e nos meninos do que nas meninas, respectivamente, 12,3% vs 10,2 (p<0,01) e 8,3% vs 3,7% (p<0,01). Os escolares deste estudo atingem peso, altura e IMC semelhantes ao final da adolescência, porém com diferenças significativas na composição corporal, com maior prevalência de obesidade e percentual de gordura corporal entre as crianças e adolescentes das escolas particulares do que nas públicas.Abstract: The main purpose of this cross sectional study was to evaluate the body composition and growth of 6,998 children and adolescents aged between 07 and 17 years, enrolled at public and private schools in the city of Campinas, 8ao Paulo. In addition to assessment of overweight and obesity prevalence in the adolescents. Measurements were also taken of weight, height, arm circumference (AC), waist circumference (WC), triceps skinfold thickness (TSFT), subscapular skinfold thickness (SSFT) and bioelectrical impedance (BI). The derived measures were body mass index (BMI), arm muscle area (AMA), arm fat area (AFA), body fat percent (%BF), lean body mass (LM) and fat mass (FM). The variables were grouped according to age, sex and type of school and then transformed into percentiles. The BMI was used to evaluate overweight (p=85) and obesity (p=95) using the CDC (2000) as reference. The existence of a statistically significant difference in growth assessment measures in relation to age, sex and type of school was verified. Among the adolescents, weight, height and BMI were statistically significant in relation to sex and type of school. Measures of %BF; FM, 88FT and AMA were statistically significant for all ages in relation to sex and type of school. Overweight prevalence was 11.1 % and obesity was 5.6%. Both overweight and obesity were higher in private schools than in public schools respectively, overweight 14,5 vs 9,2 (p<0.0l) and obesity 7,9 vs 4,4 (p<0.01) and boys than girls, respectively, 14,5 vs 9.2 (p<0.0l) and 7,9 vs 4,4 (p<0.01). The schoolchildren in this study reach weight, height and BMI of similar values at the end of puberty, but with different results related to the body composition, with higher prevalence of obesity and percent of fat among schoolchildren of private schools than public schools.DoutoradoSaude da Criança e do AdolescenteDoutor em Saude da Criança e do Adolescent
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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