406 research outputs found
The decadent vampire
No full textJohn William Polidori published "The Vampyre" in 1819, and, as the first person to author a work of English vampire fiction, he ultimately established the modern image of the aristocratic vampire, which writers such as Bram Stoker later borrowed. The literary vampire, exemplified by Lord Ruthven, reveals the influence of Burkean aesthetics; however, the vampire's portrayal as a degenerate nobleman and his immense popularity with readers also ensured that he would have a tremendous impact on nineteenth century culture. "The Vampyre" foreshadows the more socially-aware Gothic literature of the Victorian period, but the story's glorification of the perverse vampire also presents a challenge to traditional morality. This essay explores the influence of the literary vampire not just on broader aspects of nineteenth century culture but also its influence on the Decadent Movement (focusing on the works of writers such as Charles Baudelaire, Théophile Gautier, and Oscar Wilde) in order to show how it reflects the decadent abnormal. In doing so, however, this essay also questions whether decadence ought to be understood as a nineteenth century European phenomenon, as opposed to a movement that was confined to the late Victorian period; the beliefs shared by decadent writers often originated in Romanticism, and the Romantics' fascination with the supernatural suggests that they were perhaps as interested in perverse themes as the Decadents.M.A.Includes bibliographical referencesby Justine J. Spatol
Author Tom Keneally and actor Justine Saunders backstage during the rehearsals of Bullie's House, Nimrod Theatre, Sydney, 1980 /
No full textTitle from acquisitions documentation.; Part of the collection: Robert McFarlane collection of photographs.; Inscriptions: "Author Tom Keneally + Actor Justine Saunders backstage Nimrod Theatre 1980 during rehearsal's 'Bulli'es House' Robert McFarlane"--In pencil on reverse.; Also available online at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-vn6615450
ReTAGS Speaker Series | Act 5 | Dr Justine McConnell
No full textAct 5 of the ReTAGS Speaker Series.
"‘Using the old names anew’: Derek Walcott and Graeco-Roman Antiquity"
In this Speaker Series, Dr Justine McConnell explores the ways in which the St Lucian poet and dramatist, Derek Walcott, winner of the 1992 Nobel Prize for Literature, re-imagines tragedy, epic, and the myths they retell.
Derek Walcott once declared, ‘What is needed is not new names for old things, or old names for old things, but the faith of using the old names anew’. For Walcott, this is a strategy that – far from signalling a derivative aspect in his writing – nurtures the creation of new work that recasts older forms without being overshadowed by them. Famously, Walcott denied that his book-length poem Omeros was an epic, but he went on to qualify that statement by asking us to rethink what we understand by ‘epic’. So too, the title of his drama The Isle is Full of Noises evokes Shakespeare’s The Tempest, but the tale it tells is also of a Philoctetes-figure nicknamed Crusoe and the modern exploitation of St Lucia in the name of tourism; and his early play Ione embeds a mashup of several Greek tragedies (Aeschylus’ Agamemnon and Seven Against Thebes, Euripides’ Medea and The Bacchae) within a context of Caribbean oral storytelling.
Contesting the imperial power dynamics European works have often been used to propagate, Walcott contributes to the creation of a new body of Caribbean literature and asserts a place for Caribbean art in a global, transhistorical canon.
Presented online (Zoom meeting) on Monday 30 May 2022 at 15:00 SAST. Chaired by Prof. Mark Fleishman.
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Justine McConnell is Senior Lecturer in Comparative Literature at King’s College London. She is author of Black Odysseys: The Homeric Odyssey in the African Diaspora since 1939 (2013), Derek Walcott and the Creation of a Classical Caribbean (forthcoming, 2023), and, with Fiona Macintosh, Performing Epic or Telling Tales (2020). She has also co-edited four books on the reception of Graeco-Roman antiquity.</p
Huffmanela longa Justine, 2007, n. sp.
No full text<i>Huffmanela longa</i> n. sp. <p>(Figs 4–5)</p> <p> <b>Type-host:</b> <i>Gymnocranius grandoculis</i> (Valenciennes) (Lethrinidae)</p> <p> <b>Hosts:</b> Three infected hosts were found: JNC1726, 24.i.2006, FL 570, W 3500; JNC2166, 15.v.2007, FL 595, W 3800; JNC2174, 5.vi.2007, FL 365, W 1050. All from near Récif Toombo, off Nouméa, New Caledonia, 22°32’S, 166°28’E.</p> <p> <b>Type-locality:</b> Lagoon off Nouméa, New Caledonia.</p> <p> <b>Material examined:</b> a single incomplete female (holotype); laid eggs.</p> <p> <b>Deposition of material:</b> Holotype, MNHN, JNC 2174; vouchers of eggs, MNHN, JNC 1726, JNC 2166, JNC 2174; vouchers of eggs from fish JNC 2166, HCIP, N-881; BMNH, 2007.7.12.2; USNPC, 99978; SAMA, AHC 34776.</p> <p> <b>Site of infection:</b> Eggs laid within mesentery, external mucosa of swimbladder, and mucosa of dorsal wall of abdominal body cavity.</p> <p> <b>Remarks on infection and prevalence:</b> In fish JNC1726, the eggs formed a dark spot, about 1 cm in diameter, on the mesentery attached to the gonad; no other organ was infected. In fish JNC2166 and JNC2174, the eggs were found on the surface of two organs: the outer mucosa of the swimbladder and the mucosa of the dorsal wall of the abdominal cavity; no other organ was infected. Prevalence was 3/12 (25%).</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> <i>longa</i>, long in Latin, for the length of body.</p> <p> <b>Comparative material examined:</b> syntypes of <i>Huffmanela filamentosa</i> Justine, 2004, MNHN JNC 892A. A slide with eggs kept in lactophenol for more than 3 years was examined using the same methods and microscope as the new species, and measurements were consistent with those of the original publication (Table 4).</p> <p> <b>Female</b> [from holotype, immature]. Body length (incomplete) 20730, maximum width 32, width of cephalic end 11. Length of entire oesophagus 6720, length of muscular oesophagus 181, length of posterior part (broken) 14010. Muscular oesophagus without differentiation between cuticularised and non-cuticularised part. Length of stichosome 6510, approximately 35 stichocytes; long stichocytes 217 in length and 22 in width. Lateral bacillary bands 5–6 in width. Vulva situated slightly posterior to oesophago-intestinal junction, 40 from end of oesophagus; vulva not elevated, no vulvar appendage. No immature eggs seen in uterus.</p> <p> <b>Eggs in tissue.</b> Mature eggs yellow or yellow-brown, with visible larvae; no dark-brown or black eggs found. Eggs elongate, with slightly protruding plugs. Size of eggs including polar plug, from swimbladder, JNC2166, 66.0 ± 2.6 (58–72) × 26.6 ± 1.7 (23–32) (n = 121); egg wall 2–4. For measurements of eggs from other fish and organs, see Table 3. Fully developed larvae in most eggs. Surface of eggs apparently smooth. Superficial envelope of eggs: presence of filaments at both extremities; filaments often tightly packed at the level of plugs; when released, filaments form groups at both extremities and along length of eggs. Few unembryonated eggs, yellow-brown, showed strong longitudinal folds on egg surface; considered as aborted eggs. Aborted eggs, in which extremities do not show plugs, also showed longitudinal folds. Eggs after 24h did not change in length (Table 3).</p> <p> <b>L 1 Larvae</b>. Larvae in eggs, length 151 (140–168, n = 11), maximum width 4–5.</p> <p> <b>Mobility of larvae and hatching.</b> Larvae in fresh laid eggs were immobile in JNC1726 and JNC2166; eggs kept in saline or seawater for four weeks (fish JNC2166) had immobile larvae and no hatching was detected. By contrast, in fish JNC2174, a few mobile larvae were seen within fresh eggs observed in saline; 24h later, the same slides kept in a humid chamber at room temperature showed 10–20% of eggs with motile larvae. Motile larvae were seen in eggs of various colours, i.e. darker eggs did not have more motile larvae than lighter eggs. These experiments show that differences existed between eggs from different individual fish. No hatching was observed.</p> <p> <b>Differential diagnosis of adults.</b> <i>H. longa</i> is characterised by the longest body of all species in which the adult is known (incomplete body of immature specimen 20.7 mm vs adult females 4.9–7.5 in <i>H. huffmani</i>, 7.7–8.2 in <i>H. canadensis</i> and 11.1 in <i>H. moraveci</i>).</p> <p> <b>Differential diagnosis of eggs.</b> Eggs of <i>H. longa</i> are distinctly lighter (yellow to yellow-brown) than other species, in which darker eggs are dark-brown or black. Three species have egg measurements comparable to that of <i>H. longa</i> (Table 1): these are <i>H. mexicana</i>, <i>H. schouteni</i> and <i>H. balista</i>.</p> <p> <i>H. schouteni</i> has eggs of similar size (69–75 × 27–30 vs 66 × 27) but the eggs have superficial protuberances and no filaments as in <i>H. longa</i>.</p> <p> <i>H. mexicana</i> has eggs with filaments as in <i>H. longa</i> but the eggs are shorter (57 × 30, this publication).</p> <p> <i>H. balista</i> has eggs slightly longer and wider (70 × 34), the eggs have no filaments, the wall is thicker (5– 6 vs 2–4).</p> <p> <i>H. schouteni</i> and <i>H. mexicana</i> have been reported from the inner layer of the swimbladder, in contrast to <i>H. balista</i> and <i>H. longa</i>, both from the outer layer.</p> <p> <i>H. filamentosa</i>, another species from the same host, is known only from eggs. <i>H. longa</i> and <i>H. filamentosa</i> share a common morphological characteristic, the presence of thin filaments on the eggs, but have very different measurements (Table 4) and were not found in the same organ. For this reason, the author considered several hypotheses concerning these two infections.</p> <p> —Hypothesis 1. There is a single species of <i>Huffmanela</i> in <i>G. grandoculis</i>, which inhabits the gills, on the one hand, and the internal abdominal organs, in the other hand. Differences of eggs measurements can be attributed to different trophic sites, with much smaller eggs in the gills.</p> <p> —Hypothesis 2. Similar to hypothesis 1 with a single species of <i>Huffmanela</i> in various organs, but the difference in egg size is related to the parasite life-cycle. Eggs from the gill mucosa are constantly dispersed in the external milieu through natural renewal of the gill mucosa, and thus have a short life-cycle; this is consistent with the presence of small eggs. In contrast, eggs from the internal organs are available for continuation of the life-cycle only at the death of the fish, and thus are longer-lasting eggs; this is consistent with the occurrence of large eggs.</p> <p> —Hypothesis 3. Two different species are present, one in the gills, <i>H. filamentosa</i>, and one in the internal abdominal organs, <i>H. longa</i>. The species are differentiated by distinct eggs measurements, with lengths not overlapping (Figure 5).</p> <p> Hypothesis 1 is contradicted by observations on <i>H. ossicola</i>, which show that egg measurements vary only subtly in various parts of the skeletal system (Justine 2004; this paper); however, it might be argued that the different parts of the skeletal system are not as different as between the gills and the internal abdominal organs.</p> <p> Hypothesis 2 is supported by comparison with other trichinelloid nematodes in which two life cycles are possible, i.e. <i>Calodium hepaticum</i> (Bancroft) and <i>Paracapillaria philippinensis</i> (Chitwood, Velasquez & Salazar) (see Moravec 2001). However, the absence of observations on the adults of the species studied here precludes the choice of this hypothesis.</p> <p> Hypothesis 3 would have been chosen without hesitation had the two species been found in two different fish species, because the eggs are extremely different. A possible argument against Hypothesis 3 is the presence in both species of thin filaments on the eggs, apparently a shared character. However, observation of similar thin filaments on eggs of <i>H. mexicana</i>, and on <i>H. ossicola</i>, probably means that such filaments are widespread in <i>Huffmanela</i> eggs and cannot be considered of great differential importance. This hypothesis, the presence of two distinct species, was finally preferred as the most probable, and the one which does not imply speculations on the life cycle which cannot be verified. A consequence is that <i>G. grandoculis</i> is the first fish in which two different species of <i>Huffmanela</i> have been found. <i>H. filamentosa</i> has not been found since its description, meaning that it is possibly rarer than H. <i>longa</i>, found in three fish.</p> <p> More than 15 specimens of the closely related species <i>Gymnocranius euanus</i> were examined and none had <i>Huffmanela</i> infection. Several species of <i>Lethrinus</i> were examined (lists in Justine 2007; Rascalou & Justine 2007) and none had <i>Huffmanela</i> infection. This suggests that <i>H. longa</i> is specific to <i>G. grandoculis</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Justine, Jean-Lou, 2007, Huffmanela spp. (Nematoda, Trichosomoididae) parasites in coral reef fishes off New Caledonia, with descriptions of H. balista n. sp. and H. longa n. sp., pp. 23-41 in Zootaxa 1628</i> on pages 31-35, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/179332">10.5281/zenodo.179332</a>
Gendering the comic body: Physical humour in <i>Shirley</i>
No full textThe mock-battles and slap-stick scenes that arise at pivotal moments in Shirley encourage us to reexamine Brontë’s sense of humour, which is neither as grim, nor as naively crude as critics from George Henry Lewes to Virginia Woolf have deemed it. Drawing on Brontë’s engagement with the theatrical traditions of European Carnival and British pantomime, this chapter demonstrates how physical humour in Shirley satirises the gendered dictates of literary realism that Lewes had laid out for the author in public reviews and private correspondence. By rejecting the witty drawing-room comedy often associated with her predecessor Jane Austen, and adopting the brash language of the body common to both popular performance and the work of her male peers Charles Dickens and William Makepeace Thackeray, Brontë participates in important mid-nineteenth-century debates about gendered authorship and the literary marketplace.<br/
Ukrainian Podliasian Dialect in Justine Korolko’s Poetry
No full textУ поезії Юстини Королько проаналізовано синтаксичні особливості підляської говірки. Використані авторкою підляські елементи систематизовано і прокоментовано з погляду походження. З’ясовано специфіку застосування поетесою говіркових елементів. Ю. Королько не просто зробила спробу використання окремих діалектизмів чи стилізації під діалектне мовлення. Її твори суціль написані підляською говіркою, яка, по суті, виконує функцію літературної мови. Тексти настільки повно репрезентують українські говірки Північного Підляшшя, що можуть з успіхом використовуватися як матеріал для діалектологічних студій.Syntactic peculiarities of Podlasian dialect in Justine Korolko’s poetry are analyzed. Podlasian elements used by writer are systematized and commented in terms of their origin. The specificity of use of the Podlasian patois elements by the author is indicated. J. Korolko not only attempted to use certain dialecticism or imitation of dialect speech. Her works are written in Podlasian dialect, which essentially serves as a literary language. The texts fully represent the North Podlasian Ukrainian dialects and can be successfully used as a material for dialectological studies
Review of Justine Picardie's Daphne
No full textThis review essay presents a review of Justine Picardie's novel Daphne, setting it within a critical context. It opens by claiming that Daphne articulates several contemporary literary debates: it specifically addresses the location of the woman writer and reader and the relationship between author and text. The essay illustrates how Picardies's tripartite narrative works both to revise Rebecca and to re-position du Maurier as an author worthy of academic attention. The novel's extensive use of intertextuality and its own hybridisation of fiction and biography are seen to operate as an analogy for the complexities and pleasures of reading, writing and research. This essay is sympathetic to the recuperation of the popular woman writer and popular women's writing but argues that Daphne's transgressive potential resides in its repeated slippage between the textual and the material, as highlighted by its imbrication of biographical fact and fictional narrative. It concludes by suggesting that these transgressive elements also work to foreground the ethical contradictions of reading and writing
Justine S. Murison, The Politics of Anxiety in Nineteenth-Century American Literature
No full textThroughout her analysis Justine S. Murison focuses on the literary representations of some of the most characteristic conditions that affected the nervous system of nineteenth century America, those conditions having repercussions on the American society, whether it be socially or politically speaking. The author first gives a theoretical introduction in which she announces the key notions that are to be tackled in the five chapters of the book, each chapter dealing with scientific themes re..
La función del mito de Sabiduría en Justine de Lawrence Durrell
No full textThe reception of the first part of the Gnostic myth (the fall), which narrates the degradation of Wisdom, is analyzed in Justine, by Lawrence Durrell. As soon as the myth is installed in a permanent circularity, which makes linearity illusory, the narrator resorts to the palimpsest to express the relativity of the stories, which islinked to the investigation on modern love that the author had begun in The Quartet of Alexandria. Wisdom, in love with the perfection of the Father, tries to understand the Incomprehensible; what is expressed in the deep loneliness and grief without redemption of the characters. Durrell, in his aesthetic quest, establishes this account as Justin’s hermeneutical principle, much like how it worked for the Gnostics in regard to Scripture.Se analiza la recepción de la primera parte del mito gnóstico (la caída), que narra la degradación de Sabiduría, en Justine, de Lawrence Durrell. En cuanto el mito se instala en una circularidad permanente, que torna ilusoria la linealidad, el narrador recurre al palimpsesto para expresar la relatividad de los relatos, lo que se vincula con la investigación sobre el amor moderno que el autor realiza en El cuarteto de Alejandría. Sabiduría, presa de amor por la perfección del Padre, intenta comprender al Incomprensible; lo que se expresa en la soledad profunda y desconsuelo sin redención de los personajes. Durrell, en su búsqueda estética, establece este relato como principio hermenéutico de Justine, de modo semejante a cómo funcionaba para los gnósticos respecto de las Escrituras
White Roads of the Yucatán
No full textMaya sacbeob, or raised “white roads,” are often considered a single class of features, with a sole purpose. In this first systematic examination of their functions, meanings, arrangements, and construction styles, Justine Shaw reveals that these causeways served a variety of cultural and natural functions. In White Roads of the Yucatán, author Justine Shaw presents original field data collected with the Cochuah Regional Archaeological Survey at two ancient Maya sites, Ichmul and Yo’okop. Both centers chose to invest enormous resources in the construction of monumental roadways during a time of social and political turmoil in the Terminal Classic period. Shaw carefully examines why it was at this point—and no other—that the settlements made such a decision. She argues that both settlements used the sacbeob as a method of socially integrating the largest, most diverse and dispersed population in the Cochuah region. She further demonstrates that their use of the sacbeob, in concert with other innovative strategies, allowed Ichmul and Yo’okop to outlast many of the sites that they may have sought to emulate and to flourish during a time of tremendous sociopolitical and economic change. In addition to her detailed discussion of these two sites, Shaw provides an exhaustive review of the literature of Maya sacbeob archaeology, describing various interpretations of construction, features, and variability. This synthetic and interpretive treatment will aid researchers working on a variety of complex civilizations with road systems, as well as those interested in core-periphery relationships, cultural collapse, and social integration
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