306,080 research outputs found
Non-equilibrium flow in plane expansion waves
No full textThe non-equilibrium supersonic flow of a relaxing or reacting
gas through a plane expansion has been studied from a numerical,,
analytical and experimental point of view.
The flow of an ideal dissociating gas in a two dimensional
expansion has been solved numerically by writing the governing
equations of motion in their characteristic form.
In conflict with linearised theory along the wall, the
numerical solutions do not asymptote to the infinite rate equilibrium
values. To estimate how far the asymptotic state deviates from the
infinite rate equilibrium values, a formal second order solution has
been developed with the aid of transform techniques. An example has
been discussed for a simplified relaxing gas model, and estimates of
the asymptotic state have been obtained. An exact solution over the
whole field was not possible but by treating the parameter
as small, an approximate answer has been found.
To understand in more detail the coupling effects of two
relaxation processes, linearised theory has been extended to cope
with the flow of a gas with more than one relaxing mode. An example
has been discussed far Carbon Dioxide and the effect of possible
coupling between the bending and stretching modes of the molecule
in a plane expansion has been investigated.
The Mach-Zehnder interferometer and Schlieren method have
been used in conjunction with a 2" - diameter shock tube to study the
density and density gradients within, and following a sharp two-dimensional
expansion for shock heated Carbon Dioxide. Measurement
of the density gradient at the leading edge of the expansion by
quantitative Schlieren methods have allowed relaxation times to be
obtained. This method has the advantage that relaxation times can
be obtained for specific values of the density and temperature for
only small departures from an equilibrium state
Financing strategies of large U.K. corporative 1979-1988 : some U.K. evidence on changes in capital structure, size, profitability and debt maturity
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Scrapbook of Laura Heath Hills: Dear Dr. White poem
No full textPoem written by E.O.C. - likely Emma Osborne Cleaver, Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania 1895. Page 22 of Laura Heath Hills scrapbook. Laura Heath Hills was a graduate of Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania in 1896
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Young, free and single? Twenty-somethings and household change
No full textIn the context of the ongoing destandardization of young people's lives, this book explores changing patterns of household formation amongst contemporary 20-somethings and the implications of these changes for the ways in which they relate to friends, parents and partners. The book points to the growing polarization between the experiences of graduates and non-graduates, and highlights changing expectations and attitudes towards intimacy and 'settling down' amongst these group
Electron confinement in variable-area resonant tunnelling diodes using in-plane implanted gates
No full textAuthor, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
No full textThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
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