1,720,978 research outputs found
Il social giudizioso. La giurisprudenza italiana sulla responsabilità civile degli Internet Service Providers
Full text linkIl contributo approfondisce alcune delle tematiche più rilevanti che emergono dalla recente giurisprudenza
italiana sulla responsabilità civile degli Internet Service Provider (ISP). La sentenza in commento appare
problematica nel modo in cui interpreta la distinzione tra hosting provider “passivo” ed “attivo”. In
particolare, il passaggio più debole dal punto di vista giuridico-argomentativo è quello in cui i giudici
del Tribunale di Roma qualificano l’attività del provider come “attiva” a partire dal momento della sua
conoscenza del contenuto illecitamente pubblicato. Questa soluzione, come si vedrà, mal si concilia con la
disciplina sul commercio elettronico e con la nuova normativa europea sul diritto d’autore
LA CASSAZIONE SU RESPONSABILITÀ DEL PROVIDER E CONTENUTO DELLA NOTIFICA
No full textNell’ambito dei servizi delle società dell’informazione, la responsabilità in materia di eliminazione dei contenuti nell’ambito del c.d. caching, attività consistente nel trasmettere su una rete di comunicazione informazioni fornite
da un destinatario del servizio, disciplinata dall’art. 15 d.leg. n. 70 del 2003, sussiste in capo al prestatore di servizi che non abbia provveduto alla immediata rimozione dei contenuti illeciti, quando l’autorità amministrativa o giurisdizionale gli abbiano intimato di procedervi; diversamente, al prestatore del servizio che fornisca una mera attività neutrale di caching, la legge non richiede di rimuovere spontaneamente determinati contenuti sol perché reso edotto della loro natura illecita mediante una diffida extragiudiziale o la proposizione di una domanda giudiziale
Cancel Culture: An Essentially Contested Concept?
Full text linkCancel culture is a form of societal self-defense that becomes prominent particularly during periods of substantial moral upheaval. It can lead to the polarization of incompatible viewpoints if it is indiscriminately demonized. In this brief editorial letter, I consider framing cancel culture as an essentially contested concept (ECC), according to the theory of Walter B. Gallie, with the aim of establishing a groundwork for a more productive discourse on it. In particular, I propose that intermediate agreements and principles of reasonableness can help refocus the debate on cancel culture towards democratic discourse, without blanket justification for every instance. In this context, asserting that cancel culture is an ECC does not dismiss the potential of achieving consensus on its shared core meaning or societal role. Like other similar ECCs, such as democracy or rule of law, it highlights the importance of contestations in shaping our collective understanding of the concept
A Robust Governance for the AI Act: AI Office, AI Board, Scientific Panel, and National Authorities
Full text linkRegulation is nothing without enforcement. This particularly holds for the dynamic field of emerging technologies. Hence, this article has two ambitions. First, it explains how the EU’s new Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) may be implemented and enforced by various institutional bodies, thus clarifying the governance framework of the AIA. Second, it proposes a normative governance model, providing recommendations to ensure uniform and coordinated execution of the AIA and the fulfillment of the legislation. The article explores how the AIA may be implemented by national and EU institutional bodies, encompassing longstanding bodies, such as the European Commission, and those newly established under the AIA, such as the AI Office. It investigates their roles across supranational and national levels, emphasising how EU regulations influence institutional structures and operations. These regulations may not only directly dictate the structural design of institutions but also indirectly request administrative capacities needed to enforce the AIA
L'interpretazione nel diritto
No full textL’attività interpretativa è praticata in numerosi ambiti: dalla comunicazione verbale all’intenzionalità degli agenti umani (e non), dalla spiegazione scientifica alla rappresentazione artistica. La nostra attenzione si concentra solo sull’interpretazione giuridica, cioè su quei resoconti di testi legislativi, o frammenti di testi, che mirano a ricostruirne il significato e gli effetti giuridici
A conceptual framework for legal personality and its application to AI
Full text linkIn this paper we provide an analysis of the concept of legal personality and discuss whether personality may be conferred on artificial intelligence systems (AIs). Legal personality will be presented as a doctrinal category that holds together bundles of rights and obligations; as a result, we first frame it as a node of inferential links between factual preconditions and legal effects. However, this inferentialist reading does not account for the ‘background reasons’ of legal personality, i.e., it does not explain why we cluster different situations under this doctrinal category and how extra-legal information is integrated into it. We argue that one way to account for this background is to adopt a neoinstitutional perspective and to update the ontology of legal concepts with a further layer, the meta-institutional one. We finally argue that meta-institutional concepts can also support us in finding an equilibrium around the legal-policy choices that are involved in including (or not including) AIs among legal persons
Accountability in Artificial Intelligence: What It Is and How It Works
Full text linkAccountability is a cornerstone of the governance of artificial intelligence (AI). However, it is often defined too imprecisely because its multifaceted nature and the sociotechnical structure of AI systems imply a variety of values, practices, and measures to which accountability in AI can refer. We address this lack of clarity by defining accountability in terms of answerability, identifying three conditions of possibility (authority recognition, interrogation, and limitation of power), and an architecture of seven features (context, range, agent, forum, standards, process, and implications). We analyse this architecture through four accountability goals (compliance, report, oversight, and enforcement). We argue that these goals are often complementary and that policy-makers emphasise or prioritise some over others depending on the proactive or reactive use of accountability and the missions of AI governance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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