2,755 research outputs found
The estates of the Clare Family 1066-1317.
No full textPhDThroughout the early Middle Ages, the Clare earls of Hertford and.
Gloucester were prominent figures on the political scene. Their position
as baronial leaders was derived from their landed wealth, and was built up
gradually over two hundred and fifty years. Richard I de Clare arrived in
England in 1066 as a Norman adventurer, and was granted the honours of
Tonbridge and Clare. The family more than doubled its lands during the
twelfth and thirteenth centuries, mainly by inheritance, the greatest
acquisition being the honour of Gloucester in 1217.
Only in the first half of the twelfth century was the honour an
autonomous unit. In the honour of Clare, the earls relied on their own
tenants as officials in the twelfth century, but in the thirteenth the
administration was professional and bureaucratic. The earl's relations
with his sub-tenants are unknown before the early fourteenth century; then,
in contrast to other estates, the Clare honour-court was busy, strong and
fairly efficient. In contrast to the honours of Clare and Gloucester,
held of the king in chief, Tonbridge was held of the archbishop of
Canterbury, and the relationship between archbishop and earl was the subject
of several disputes. As to franchises, the earl exercised the highest
which he possessed in England at Tonbridge; elsewhere he appropriated
franchises on a large scale during the Barons' Wars of 1258-1265, but most
of these were surrendered as a result of Edward I's quo warranto proceedings In the thirteenth century, the Clare earls of Gloucester were
important Marcher lords. They strengthened their authority in Glamorgan
by expelling most of the Welsh princes in northern Glamorgan, and they
long avoided royal interference in their liberties. Nevertheless, in
the notorious case of the earls of Hereford and Gloucester in 1291-2,
Edward I temporarily succeeded in breaking down March custom
Practice and form : economic critique with Marx and Bourdieu
No full textThe chapter argues to combine Marx and Bourdieu for the purpose of economic critique. Whereas Marx reveals the crucial importance of social forms and capital fetishism, Bourdieu is a strong weapon against rational choice theory. And he convincingly criticizes Marxism for its inability to overcome basic theoretical oppositions like idealism vs. materialism. But Bourdieu’s capital theory also contributes to the proliferation of capital concepts in social science and therefore contains some complicity with economic imperialism, that is, the colonizing of research fields by the economic approach. When Marx wrote his Critique of Political Economy, economics did not yet exist. Only later the new economic orthodoxy emerged, propagating the economic approach as the best and only serious way to explain all human behaviour. As a sociological antidote to this, Bourdieu’s theory of practice is of crucial importance. And if Marx may be somewhat outdated as a critical economist, he remains powerful as economic critique. In order to challenge economic imperialism all disposable sources of critique can be mobilized, but contradictions and tensions between them should not be ignored. This approach is what Bourdieu calls a reflexive eclecticism, and the author entirely adheres to this concept
Marx as critic of law; beyond Pachukanis
No full textIn the present text we intend to problematize the Pachukanian affirmation according to which the Marxian analysis present in Capital, one immediately has the category "subject of right"; Thus, in analyzing the notion of "person" in chapters I and II of Marx's masterpiece, we try to show that the central to the author is the thematization of the social form of value, which, in fact, brings with it an opposition Between reification and the notion of person. Finally, it is intended to bring the way in which Marx points out important elements in the midst of the "struggle for rights", as opposed to the theory of the Soviet author, General Theory of Law and Marxism.No presente texto pretende-se problematizar a afirmação pachukaniana segundo a qual da análise marxiana presente em O capital, tem-se imediatamente a categoria “sujeito de direito”; assim, ao analisar a noção de “pessoa” nos capítulos I e II da obra magna de Marx, intenta-se mostrar que o central ao autor é a tematização sobre a forma social do valor, a qual, em verdade, traz consigo uma oposição entre reificação e a noção de pessoa. Por fim, pretende-se trazer o modo pelo qual Marx aponta elementos importantes em meio à “luta por direitos”, de modo oposto ao que se dá na teoria do autor soviético, deTeoria geral do Direitoe marxismo
Democracy, subjectivity and voice: Emersonian perfectionism and radical democratic theory
No full textMotivated by concern about growing social marginalisation and injustice in Western democracies, this thesis examines these issues from the perspectives of post-structuralist and perfectionist traditions of democratic political thought. Both traditions fear that dominant contemporary political theory, here represented by Rawlsian liberalism, is insufficiently attentive to voice. I seek to explore the critique put forward by each tradition, and demonstrate how in contrast to Rawls, the post-structuralists seek an open, revisable democracy, achieved via a culture of dissent or a democratic ethos. However, since post-structuralism lacks attention to the formation of democratic subjectivity I suggest that it may be productive to look to Cavell’s work on this topic, to help improve the post-structuralist ability to be attentive to the emergence of voice. Yet, given Cavell’s neglect of constructive social power, it becomes necessary to first bridge the gap between Cavell and the post-structuralists by examining the move from voicelessness to voice in more detail. I therefore propose using Rancière’s work on the development of subjectivity, complemented by reference to James Tully and Cristoph Menke, to show how Cavellian aversive thinking can help develop democratic subjects. This also leads me to challenge the strict nature of the divide that Rancière envisions between la politique and la police, making it possible for me to read Rancière as a call for political action, re-casting the ordinary as extraordinary. Hence I suggest that radical democratic political thinkers need to attend to the background police order to consider if it is possible to institutionalise conditions to encourage eruptions of politics, by supporting the cultivation and emergence of individual voice.<br/
Oral History Interview, Myra Marx Ferree (1474)
No full textIn this interview, Myra Marx Ferree discusses her upbringing where she enjoyed learning about Sociology and Politics at a young age. She is an established author, writing several successful books and now works as the director of the Center for German and European Studies at UW-Madison. To learn more about this oral history, download & review the index first (or transcript if available). It will help determine which audio file(s) to download & listen to.Myra Marx Ferree was born and raised in Morristown, New Jersey. Her interest in Sociology and Politics began at a young age. She received an undergraduate degree in Political Science at Bryn Mawr College and a PhD in Social Psychology at Harvard. Professor Ferree has published multiple books such as her most recent, Global Feminism: Transitional Women’s Activism, Organizing, and Human Rights (2006). She was also a Berlin Prize Fellow at American Academy in Berlin in 2005. Currently, Professor Ferree is the director of the Center for German and European Studies as well as a member of the committee of Gender and Women’s Studies at UW-Madison
Review of the book How Fascism Works, by J. Stanley
No full textDr. Devin Z. Shaw (Douglas College) reviews the book How fascism works, by J. Stanley (2020).Final article published
Aspectos da conceituação do trabalho em Marx: a alienação como abstração concreta
No full textThis article covers a question relative to the double determination and dialecticityin the concept of labour, as developed by Marx from the Hegelian dialectics. It seeksto demonstrate the ontological significance of the concept to the Marxian thought,a key element in his critics as a path to self-conscience and as a territory foralienation. Through the inquiry on the concepts of abstraction concreteness inrelation to labour, it hopes to clarify its employment and epistemological reach asit provides an understanding of alienation as a process of abstraction that,projected in the social relations of production, becomes concrete.Situated Architectur
Review of the book Critiquing Brahmanism: A collection of essays, by K. Murali (Ajith)
No full textDr. Devin Zane Shaw (Douglas College) reviews the book Critiquing Brahmanism: A collection of essays, by K. Murali (Ajith) (2020).Final article published
Accounting and the Birth of the Notion of Capitalism
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to cast a new light on the post-Sombartian debate. It contributes to some understanding of the birth of the concept of capitalism itself. The author argues that the history of how the concept of capitalism was invented is an example of the influence of accounting ideas on economic and sociological thinking.capitalism; accounting; Karl Marx; Werner Sombart
O trabalho associado em Karl Marx: contribuição ao debate acerca do cooperativismo e da transição
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia Politica, Florianópolis, 2008Esta dissertação consiste numa pesquisa sobre o cooperativismo, tendo como referencial teórico um autor específico, Karl Marx. Tem como objetivo principal contribuir, do ponto de vista teórico-interpretativo, para a compreensão da importância que podem assumir as experiências cooperativistas para os trabalhadores em termos de luta de classes. A emergência de várias iniciativas autogestionárias, sobretudo a partir de 1990, reacende o debate sobre as alternativas ao capitalismo. Num contexto adverso para os trabalhadores, marcado pelo fim da experiência social-democrata e stalinista-soviética na Europa, ressurgem formulações inspiradas nos precursores do cooperativismo da primeira metade do século XIX, em geral, negligenciando a crítica de Marx. Reconhece a importância das experiências autogestionárias para a manutenção de uma significativa parcela da população e do debate no campo teórico sobre suas possibilidades e limites. As referências às cooperativas operárias em Marx, não obstante a ausência de um tratamento sistemático, insere-se na sua perspectiva mais ampla sobre a transição do modo de produção capitalista ao modo de produção associado ou comunista. Na busca par compreender a relação dos trabalhadores com o cooperativismo, na perspectiva de Marx, revisa sua crítica aos socialistas utópicos e a Proudhon, ao mesmo tempo em que explora a relação das fábricas cooperativas com a luta de classes e com as contradições do modo de produção capitalista. O estudo evidencia que a positividade do cooperativismo em Marx está relacionada com a classe trabalhadora em sua luta contra o capital, necessitando, porém, atuar sobre as modernas forças produtivas e, dessa forma, não mantém correspondência com as propostas utópicas e reformadoras do capitalismo. Discute o trabalho associado no interior das fábricas cooperativas, o qual, além de negar o trabalho assalariado, aponta para um novo modo de produção. Conclui que os limites das fábricas cooperativas, enquanto formas de transição dentro do sistema capitalista, relacionam-se com a luta de classes, de forma que o trabalho associado não pode abranger a totalidade das forças produtivas sem que os trabalhadores assumam o poder político.This dissertation involves a study of the cooperative movement. Its theoretical reference is one specific author, Karl Marx. Its principal objective is to contribute from a theoreticalinterpretive perspective to understanding the importance cooperative experiences can have for workers in terms of class struggle. It discuss the emergence of various self-management initiatives, above all since 1990, wich triggers new debate about alternatives to capitalism. In an adverse context for workers, marked by the end of social-democratic and Stalinist-Soviet experiences in Europe, formulations arise inspired in the precursors of the cooperative movement of the first half of the 19th century in general neglecting Marx#s criticism. Reconize the importance of self-management experiences for the maintenance of a significant portion of the population and of debate in the theoretical field about their possibilities and limits. The references to workers cooperatives in Marx, notwithstanding the absence of a systematic analysis, are inserted in his broader perspective about the transition from the capitalist mode of production to the associated or communist mode of production. In an effort to understand the relationship of workers with the cooperative movement, from Marx#s perspective, it reviews his criticism of the Utopian Socialists and Proudhon; explores the relation of the cooperative factories with the class struggle and with the contradictions of the capitalist mode of production. The study revealed that the positivity of cooperativism in Marx is related to the working class# struggle against capital, requiring action on the modern productive forces and, in this way, does not correspond to the utopian and reformist proposals of capitalism. It concludes that the associated work within cooperative factories, in addition to rejecting salaried labor, point to a new mode of production. But points out that the limits of the cooperative factories as forms of transition within the capitalist system are related to the class struggle in that associated work cannot encompass the totality of the productive forces without the workers assuming political power
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