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EFFECTS OF PUPIL DILATION WITH TOPICAL 0.5% TROPICAMIDE ON RETINAL VASCULAR PARAMETERS ASSESSED BY VAMPIRE® (VASCULAR ASSAY AND MEASUREMENT PLATFORM FOR IMAGES OF THE RETINA) SOFTWARE IN HEALTHY CATS
No full textPurpose. To investigate the effects of mydriasis obtained with topical 0.5% tropicamide (Visumidriatic
0.5%, Visufarma s.p.a., Rome, Italy) on retinal vascular parameters evaluated by the retinal imaging
software VAMPIRE® in cats. Methods. A longitudinal study on 40 clinically normal adult cats of both
sexes was performed. Topical 0.5% tropicamide was instilled to dilate the right pupil only. The left
eye was used as a control. Before pharmacological dilation (T0), infrared pupillometry of both pupil
was performed and fundus images were taken from both eyes. Right eye fundus images were then
captured 30 minutes after topical instillation of tropicamide (T1), when mydriasis was achieved. The
vessel diameters (4 veins and 4 arteries) were measured with Vampire® annotation tool adapted
for measuring the feline fundus. After normality assessment, t-test was use to analyze mean
difference for vascular parameters of left and right eye; paired sample t-test was used to test the
mean difference for the same vascular parameters at T0 and T1. Statistical significance level was
set at alpha=0.05 with Bonferroni correction accounting for multiple comparisons. Results. Right
and left eye showed no statistical differences for pupil and vascular parameters measurements
at T0. At T1, only one artery measurement showed a significant difference with a mild mean
vasoconstriction of about 4% (6.28±0.84 vs 6.04±0.59); none of the other vascular parameters
resulted significantly different at this timepoint. Conclusions: Topical 0.5% tropicamide seems not
to affect the results of retinal vascular analysis using the retinal imaging software VAMPIRE®
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the upper eyelid in a dog
No full textPurpose: To describe an adenosquamous carcinoma of the upper eyelid in a dog. Methods: A 12-year-old, male mongrel dog with a 6-month history of a progressive eyelid mass of the right upper eyelid was evaluated. Long-term bilateral topical application of 0.03% tacrolimus for third eyelid plasmoma and treatment cycles with systemic corticosteroids for a long-standing atopic dermatitis were reported by medical history. Complete physical and ophthalmologic examination of the dog as well as CBC, serum biochemical analysis, urinalysis, thoracic radiographs, and abdominal ultrasonography were performed. The mass was surgically removed and the eyelid was restored using a semicircular rotational flap from the periocular region. The removed mass was routinely processed, and 4 μm-thick sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. An additional immunohistochemistry with the streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method, using an anti-pan cytokeratin antibody, was also performed. Results: Clinical staging did not show any abnormality. Histological examination showed an invasive proliferation of malignant epithelial cells with intermixing of both adenocarcinomatous and malignant squamous cell components. A diagnosis of eyelid adenosquamous carcinoma was made. No evidence of local recurrence or distance metastases was identified during the 12-month follow-up period. Conclusions: To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on an adenosquamous carcinoma of the eyelid in the dog. Immunosuppression was found to be a significant clinical risk factor for cutaneous adenosquamous carcinoma in humans and it was considered a possible risk factor in this dog
Ocular fundus abnormalities in cats affected by systemic hypertension: Prevalence, characterization, and outcome of treatment
Full text linkObjectives: To determine the prevalence of ocular fundus abnormalities in cats with a diagnosis of systemic hypertension, to characterize the abnormalities observed, and to evaluate ophthalmoscopic evolution during treatment with amlodipine besylate. Animals studied: Cats diagnosed as affected by SHP in a 2-year period. Procedures: Systemic hypertension was assessed by oscillometric blood pressure measurement, and its etiology was also established. All the cats received an ophthalmic examination, and ocular lesions were classified with a score from 0 (no abnormalities) to 4 (severe abnormalities). All cats received amlodipine besylate by mouth, and those that showed fundus abnormalities were regularly rechecked from 7 to 365 days after diagnosis. Data were statistically analyzed to compare Psys and Pdia with all the variables and to correlate Psys and Pdia with the fundus score. Results: A total of 225 cats were enrolled in the study, and the prevalence of fundus abnormalities was 58.6% (21.2%: grade 1; 18.2%: grade 2; 36.4%: grade 3; and 24.2%: grade 4). Systemic hypertension was diagnosed concurrently with chronic renal failure (60.4%), hyperthyroidism (28.9%), both chronic renal failure and hyperthyroidism (7.6%), and hypertrophic myocardiopathy (3.1%). A significant effect of Psys values on the fundus score was detected. Amlodipine therapy improved fundus abnormalities in 50% of cases at the 21-day follow-up. Conclusions: This study showed that fundus abnormalities are common in hypertensive cats at the time of the systemic diagnosis, and most of the abnormalities are moderate to severe. Treatment with amlodipine appeared to improve ophthalmic lesions over time
Effects of pupil dilation with topical 0.5% tropicamide on retinal vascular parameters assessed by VAMPIRE® software in healthy cats
Full text linkOur study investigates the effects of mydriasis obtained with topical 0.5% tropicamide on retinal vascular parameters evaluated in cats using the retinal imaging software: Vascular Assessment and Measurement Platform for Images of the Retina (VAMPIRE®). Forty client-owned healthy adult cats were included in the study. Topical 0.5% tropicamide was applied to dilate only the right pupil. The left eye was used as a control. Before dilation (T0), infrared pupillometry of both pupils was performed and fundus oculi images were taken from both eyes. Right eye fundus images were then captured 30 min after topical application of tropicamide (T30), when mydriasis was achieved. The retinal vessel widths (3 arteries and 3 veins) were measured with VAMPIRE® in four standard measurement areas (SMA) identified with the letters A, B, C, D. Average value of the 3 vessel widths was used. After normality assessment, the t-test was used to analyse the mean difference in vascular parameters of the left and right eyes at T0 and T30, with p set <0.05. The two eyes showed no statistical differences in pupil and vascular parameter measurements at T0. At T30, only one artery measurement of the right eye (SMA A-peripapillary area) showed a small but statistically significant mean vasoconstriction of approximately 4%. The results indicate that local application of 0.5% tropicamide seems to be associated with a small retinal arteriolar vasoconstriction as assessed by VAMPIRE® in cats. However, this change is minimal, and should not affect the interpretation of the results when VAMPIRE® is used
Corneal mineralization as a presenting sign of primary hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma
No full textTo describe a bilateral corneal calcification presumed to be associated with primary hyperparathyroidism in a dog. Methods: An 8-year-old, male mongrel dog with bilateral corneal opacities was evaluated. Complete physical and ophthalmologic examination and laboratory work-up were performed. Results: Irregular, symmetrical corneal opacities in the central corneas were observed bilaterally. A small mass was detected on the left side of the neck, at the level of the thyroid gland. Serum ionic calcium concentration was 2.19 mmol/L (reference interval: 1.29-1.40 mmol/L),serum parathormone concentration was 12 pg/ml (reference interval: 10-44 pg/ml). This value was considered inappropriately high according to calcium concentration. Complete blood count, serum protein electrophoresis, coagulation test and urinalysis were normal. A computed tomography (CT) was performed to further characterize the mass of the neck and staging the patient. CT showed an enlargement with irregular shape of the left cranial parathyroid gland that was surgically removed. Histopathology revealed a rim of compressed parenchyma by an encapsulated, non-infiltrative neoplasm composed of packed cubical cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm. Neoplastic cells expressed chromogranin A and synaptophysin and they were negative for calcitonin and thyreoglobulin. An ophthalmologic diagnosis of a corneal calcification presumably caused by primary hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma was made. Postoperatively the serum calcium levels returned to normal. However, after observation for 1.5 years the corneal opacities, although not increased, were unchanged. Conclusions: Calcific keratopathy has been associated with systemic hypercalcemia. In our case this keratopathy was the presenting sign that allowed to diagnose the underlying endocrine disease
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Efficacia della sinfisiodesi pubica giovanile (JPS) nel trattamento precoce della displasia dell'anca nel cane
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