89 research outputs found
Annihilators of principal ideals in the exterior algebra
No full textKoç, Cemal (Dogus Author) -- Esin, Songül (Dogus Author)In this paper we describe annihilators of principal ideals of exterior algebras. For odd elements we establish formulae for dimensions of their principal ideals and their annihilators. For even elements we exhibit (multiplicative) generators for annihilator ideals
Comparative law at a crossroads
No full textA book which seeks to bring a fresh
approach to many of the issues in comparative law was launched in
December 2007 at the IALS. The author, a co-editor of Comparative
Law: A Handbook, explains what the new volume is seeking to
achieve. Article by Esin Örücü (Honorary Senior Research Fellow
and Professor Emeritus of Comparative Law, University of Glasgow
and Professor Emeritus of Comparative Law, Erasmus Universiteit
Rotterdam) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society
for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced
Legal Studies, University of London
Comparative law at a crossroads
No full textA book which seeks to bring a fresh approach to many of the issues in comparative law was launched in December 2007 at the IALS. The author, a co-editor of Comparative Law: A Handbook, explains what the new volume is seeking to achieve. Article by Esin Örücü (Honorary Senior Research Fellow and Professor Emeritus of Comparative Law, University of Glasgow and Professor Emeritus of Comparative Law, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London
Analysis of nonlinear compartmental model using a reliable method
No full textThe goal of this work is to investigate nonlinear models and their complexity using techniques that are universal and have connections to historical and material aspects. Using the premise of a constant population that is uniformly mixed, a nonlinear compartmental model that depicts the movement between voter classes is taken into consideration. In the current work, we investigate the dynamical framework that supports the interactions between the three parties. It is discussed how rate change affects various metrics. The conditions for boundedness, stability, existence, and other dynamics are obtained. We derive the effects of generalizing the model in any order. The current study supports investigations into complex real-world issues and forecasts of necessary plans. © 2023 The Author(s
A Novel Study of Morlet Neural Networks to Solve the Nonlinear HIV İnfection System of Latently İnfected Cells
No full textThe aim of this study is to provide the numerical outcomes of a nonlinear HIV infection system of latently infected CD4+ T cells exists in bioinformatics using Morlet wavelet (MW) artificial neural networks (ANNs) optimized initially with global search of genetic algorithms (GAs) hybridized for speedy local search of sequential quadratic programming (SQP), i.e., MW-ANN-GA-SQP. The design of an error function is presented by designing the MW-ANN models for the differential equations along with the initial conditions that represent the HIV infection system involving latently infected CD4+ T cells. The precision and persistence of the presented approach MW-ANN-GA-SQP are recognized through comparative studies from the results of the Runge-Kutta numerical scheme for solving the HIV infection spread system in case of single and multiple trails of the MW-ANN-GA-SQP. Statistical estimates with ‘Theil's inequality coefficient’ and ‘root mean square error’ based indices further validate the sustainability and applicability of proposed MW-ANN-GA-SQP solver. © 2021 The Author
The apoptotic effects of silibinin on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells
No full textWOS: 000402150300005PubMed ID: 27402681Background: Silibinin is a bioactive flavonolignan extracted from milk thistle, known as Silybum marianum. Silibinin exerts strong antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Many studies have shown that silibinin inhibits experimentally induced malignancies of the liver, prostate, skin, and colon as well as promotes inhibition of the proliferation of cancer cell lines in vitro. This study aimed to investigate the effects of silibinin on the human breast carcinoma cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 in monolayer and spheroid cultures. Method: The MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines were cultured in both monolayer and spheroid cultures. Cells were treated with silibinin at 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation. The 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine labeling index was used to determine the cells of the synthesis phase. Poly-ADP-ribose-polimerase immunohistochemical staining and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick and labeling assay were used to determine the death of cells in both the monolayer and spheroid cultures. Results: An half maximal inhibitory concentration dose of silibinin in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells was 100 mu M/mL at 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick and labeling positive cells and active poly-ADP-ribose-polimerase were detected after treatment with silibinin in both the monolayer and spheroid cultures. The dead cell count was higher in the MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines with silibinin applied than in the controls. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that silibinin applications enhanced terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick and labeling positive cells and active poly-ADP-ribose-polimerase in comparison to the control in both the monolayer and spheroid cultures.Mugla Sitki Kocman UniversityMugla Sitki Kocman UniversityThe author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The present study was supported by the Research Fund of Mugla Sitki Kocman University. Some parts of this manuscript were presented at the 5th International Congress on Cell Membranes and Oxidative Stress: Focus on Calcium Signaling and TRP Channels 9-12 September 2014, Isparta
Management of displaced radial neck fractures in children: percutaneous pinning vs. elastic stable intramedullary nailing
No full textBackground: The treatment of radial neck fractures in children varies according to the displacement, angulation, and skeletal maturity. There is a general agreement that displaced radial neck fractures with more than 30 angulations (Judet type III and IV fractures) should be surgically treated. There are several treatment possibilities for Judet type III and IV fractures including percutaneous pin reduction, elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN), and open reduction with or without internal fixation. In this retrospective study we compared the clinical and radiographical outcomes, and complications following intramedullary versus percutaneous pinning in displaced radial neck fractures in children. Materials and methods: Between 2000 and 2011, 20 patients were treated using closed reduction: in 12 cases we used percutaneous pinning, and in 8 cases we used ESIN. According to Judet classification the two groups were composed as follows: 10 (77 %) type III and 3 (23 %) type IV fractures in the percutaneous pinning group; 4 (57 %) type III, and 3 (43 %) type IV fractures in the ESIN group. Results: After an average of 42 months, excellent results in Mayo elbow performance scores (MEPS) were obtained in 71 and 69 % of ESIN and percutaneous pinning groups respectively, with good results in the remaining cases apart from one fair case (8 %) in the percutaneous pinning group. After a radiological evaluation, all fractures healed in excellent or good alignment. When comparing the two groups, the subjects treated with the ESIN technique had higher range of motion (ROM) in flexion, extension and pronation. No patients developed complications, except three cases of asymptomatic enlargements of the radial head, reported only in the percutaneous pinning group. Conclusion: In this research the clinical outcome, assessed with the MEPS, and the radiological alignment, were comparable between the subjects that were treated with percutaneous pinning and those with ESIN techniques; whereas the ESIN technique demonstrated higher ROM in flexion, extension and pronation. The ESIN technique seems to be the ideal approach both for the higher ROM values and for the absence of complications. © 2012 The Author(s)
Comparison of the author, educator and intellectual aspects of Ahmet Mithat Efendi and İsmail Gaspıralı
No full text“Ahmet Mithat Efendi ile İsmail Gaspıralı’nın Edebiyatçı, Eğitimci ve Fikir Adamı Yönleriyle Karşılaştırılması” başlıklı tez çalışmamızda Ahmet Mithat Efendi ve İsmail Gaspıralı’nın roman ve hikâyeleri, gazete yazıları, eğitim faaliyetleri incelenerek aralarındaki benzerlikler ortaya konulmuştur. 19. yy.’ın ikinci yarısı Osmanlı Devleti’nde ve Türk dünyasında Batılılaşma faaliyetlerinin yoğun olarak yaşandığı bir dönemdir. Bu dönemde basın ve yayının da etkisiyle modernleşmenin önemi halka anlatılmaya başlamıştır. Gazeteler ve Batı’dan yapılan tercüme eserlerle Türk edebiyatına yeni edebî türler girmiştir. Osmanlı’da Batılı anlamda bilimin gelişmesi için eğitimin ve ana dilde okuma yazma öğreniminin önemi anlaşılmış ve üzerinde durulan konulardan birisi olmuştur. Osmanlıcanın sadeleştirilmesi, herkesin kolayca okuyup yazabileceği bir yazı dili meydana getirilmesi çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Ahmet Mithat Efendi çok sayıda roman ve hikâyeleri, gazete yazıları, yayıncılığı, eğitimle ilgili eserleri ve faaliyetleri ile halkın eğitim seviyesini yükselterek Avrupa medeniyeti seviyesine ulaşması için çalışmıştır. Eğitimde uyguladığı yeni yöntemle okuma yazma öğreniminin kolaylaşması ve eğitimin yaygınlaşması faaliyetlerinde bulunmuş, çocuk terbiyesi konusunda modern pedagoji çerveçesinde yazdığı eserlerle öncü çalışmalar yapmıştır. Tanzimat döneminin önemli konularından biri olan dille ilgili makaleler kaleme almış, bu makalelerde Osmanlıcanın sadeleşmesi üzerinde durmuştur. Ahmet Mithat Efendi eserlerinde kızların eğitimi, evlilik kurumunda ve sosyal hayatta kadının yeri gibi meseleleri işleyerek kadın hakları konusunda halkı bilinçlendirmeye çalışmıştır. Osmanlı’da yaşanan gelişmelere benzer çalışmaların yapılması Rusya Türkleri için de aynı öneme sahiptir. İsmail Gaspıralı da roman ve hikâyeleri, gazete yazıları, yayıncılığı, eğitim alanında yazdığı eserleri ve faaliyetleri ile Rusya Türklerinin eğitim seviyesini yükseltmek için çalışmıştır. O, “usul-i cedit” eğitimi bizzat uygulayarak eğitimin modernleşmesini sağlamıştır. İsmail Gaspıralı sade, anlaşılır bir yazı dilinin eğitimi de kolaylaştıracak, halkın bilgisinin artmasını sağlayacak bir öneme sahip olduğunun bilincindedir. O, bütün Türklerin fikir ve iş birliğinin ortak bir edebî dille sağlanabileceğinden hareketle bu yolda çalışmalar yapmıştır. Osmanlıcanın sadeleştirilmesi, dil ve yazım kurallarının belirlenmesi ile ilgili görüş ve düşüncelerini Tercüman gazetesinde yazmış, İstanbul gazetelerinde çıkan dille ilgili tartışmalara katılmıştır. O günkü toplumda kadının değeri, eğitimi, sosyal haklarının korunması, kadınların çalışması gibi konular üzerinde de bilgilendirici yazılar yazarak kadın haklarını savunmuştur.In our thesis titled “Comparison of the author, educator and intellectual aspects of Ahmet Mithat Efendi and İsmail Gasprinski” the similarities between the novels and stories, newspaper articles, and educational activities of Ahmet Mithat Efendi and İsmail Gaspıralı are revealed.
The second half of the 19th century was a period in which Westernization activities were intensely experienced in the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish world. Especially in the second half of the century, the importance of modernization began to be explained to the public with the influence of the press and broadcasting. New literary genres have entered Turkish literature with newspapers and translated works from the West. The importance of education and learning to read and write in the mother tongue for the development of science in the Western sense in the Ottoman Empire was understood and became one of the issues emphasized. Efforts were made to simplify the Ottoman language and to create a written language that everyone can read and write easily.
Ahmet Mithat Efendi, with his many novels and stories, newspaper articles, publishing, educational works and activities, has worked to raise the education level of the people to reach the level of European civilization. He was involved in the activities of facilitating literacy learning and spreading education with the new method he applied in education, and made pioneering studies on child education with the works he wrote in the framework of modern pedagogy. He wrote articles about language, one of the important issues of the Tanzimat period, and focused on the simplification of Ottoman Turkish in these articles. Ahmet Mithat Efendi tried to raise public awareness about women's rights by dealing with issues such as the education of girls, the place of women in marriage and social life in his works.
Carrying out studies similar to the developments in the Ottoman Empire has the same importance for the Russian Turks. İsmail Gaspıralı has also worked to raise the education level of Russian Turks with his novels and stories, newspaper articles, publishing, works and activities in the field of education. He provided the modernization of education by personally implementing the “usul-i cedit” education. İsmail Gaspıralı is aware of the importance of a simple and understandable written language that will facilitate education and increase the knowledge of the people. He has worked in this way, considering that the ideas and cooperation of all Turks can be achieved with a common literary language. He wrote his views and thoughts on the simplification of Ottoman Turkish and the determination of language and spelling rules in the newspaper Tercüman, and participated in the language discussions in Istanbul newspapers. He defended women's rights by writing informative articles on issues such as the value of women in the society of that day, education, protection of social rights, and women’s work
Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nail Fixation Versus Submuscular Plate Fixation of Pediatric Femur Shaft Fractures in School Age Patients: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textBACKGROUND: Studies of clinical outcomes that compare the elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) with the submuscular plate (SMP) were controversial. The meta-analysis was performed to summarize existing evidence, aiming to determine whether ESIN was superior to SMP in pediatric femur shaft fractures.
METHODS: Search strategies followed the recommendations of the Cochrane collaboration. Electronic searches such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane were systematically searched for publications concerning ESIN and SMP from the inception date to March 2023. Two investigators independently searched, screened, and reviewed the full text of the article. Disagreements generated throughout the process were resolved by consensus, and if divergences remain, they were arbitrated by a third author.
RESULTS: This study included 8 articles, comprising a total of 561 patients with a similar baseline. Compared to the SMP, the ESIN had shorter operation time (mean difference = -16.16; 95% CI = -22.83 to -9.48, P \u3c .00001), and less intraoperative blood loss (mean difference = -53.62; 95% CI = -58.89 to -48.36, P \u3c .00001), but had a higher incidence of implant irritation (odds ratio [OR] = 6.49; 95% CI = 3.01 to 13.98, P \u3c .0001), lower limb malalignment (OR = 2.60; 95% CI = 1.12 to 6.04, P = .96) and overall complications(OR = 4.14; 95% CI = 2.51 to 6.84, P \u3c .0001). And there was no significant difference in radiation time, length of hospital stay, limb length discrepancy, infection rate, delayed union rate and unplanned revised surgery rate (P \u3e .05).
CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the SMP, the ESIN offers shorter operative time, and less blood loss. However, the SMP is superior to ESINs in complication rates, especially regarding implant irritation and malalignment. Both methods could achieve excellent satisfactory functional outcomes. Thus, the SMP is an alternative choice in the pediatric femur shaft fracture
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