293 research outputs found
An Inquiry into Taiwan Classical Literature During Japanese Colonial Period Based on the Concepts of Colonial Hanwen and Sinophone Literature (1895-1945)
No full text本文以陳培豐「殖民地漢文」與史書美「華語語系文學」概念，重論
日治臺灣古典文學相關問題，側重於文學主體性與多元複雜性。在「殖
民地漢文」部分，探討臺灣語言文體如何自「帝國漢文」演變至「殖民地
漢文」，及臺灣古典文學自初期「同文主義」到末期「興亞主義」過程間的
相關問題。在「華語語系文學」部分，以「中國性」、「華語語系」到「臺灣
性」一系列命題推論，探究此論述與臺灣古典文學間的關係：日人在臺
漢文學該不該╱能不能放置於「華語語系文學」架構內討論？筆者延續前
人未完的論述，並援引邱貴芬關於「臺灣性」的論點作為解決方法。臺灣
古典文學無論自「殖民地漢文」或「華語語系文學」概念論之，都隱含著
對「中國」的焦慮。此外，本文之立論也將取徑於竹內好的「亞洲作為方
法」、溝口雄三之「中國作為方法」、以及李育霖延伸自前兩者說法的「臺灣作為方法」等論述，提出以下的主張：臺灣本身可自行生成理論，具
有其「主體能動性」與「無可取代的歷史文化發展」，臺灣古典文學因此有
了更多的詮釋空間。This is an inquiry into Taiwan classical literature during the Japanese
colonial period based on the concepts of Pei-feng Chen’s Colonial Hanwen
and Shu-mei Shih’s Sinophone Literature. The inquiry concentrates on the
subjectivity and the complexity of this classical literature. Firstly, regarding
the concept of Colonial Hanwen, I discuss the development from Imperial
Hanwen to Colonial Hanwen and the issues from the Hanwen Tung-Wen
Phenomenon to the Great East-Asian Regionalism. Secondly, as to the concept
of Sinophone Literature, I explore the relation between Sinophone Literature
and Taiwan classical literature based on the discourse from Chineseness,
Sinophone Literature to Taiwaneseness. The question this paper attempts to
examine is whether the Japanese sinology in Tawan can be discussed under the
above concepts. The inquiry into this question implies a sort of anxiety about
China no matter how we address it. The present inquiry highlights Yu-lin Lee’s
innovative approach, Taiwan as a Method, which derives from the theories of
Takeuchi Yoshimi ( 竹內好) and Mizoguchi Yuzo ( 溝口雄三): Lee’s Taiwan
as a Method approach makes it possible to generate a theory for Taiwan
demonstrating its subjectivity and irreplaceable historical development, and
this will definitely open new arenas for the interpretation of Taiwan classical
literature
Sixteen Conjoined Divination Inscriptions of the Huang Group
No full text甲骨卜辭綴合促使辭例訊息本身的完整性，亦得以逐漸拼湊出甲骨原樣。本文以卜辭黃組為例，搜羅近來綴合成果共十六則；關於卜辭黃組時代，大抵在帝乙、帝辛時期，此時亦以龜腹甲、胛骨為主要占卜之物，本文十六則綴合中，二例屬龜腹甲，其餘十四例則為胛骨之綴合。且其中五組是在前人的基礎上進行加綴，另外十一組則為本人所新綴，過程中並懷疑前人的一則誤綴，文內將此誤綴的兩版，再重新與其他二版進行綴合。Conjunction of divination inscriptions on oracle bones not only contributes to the completeness of inscription decipherment but also helps to restore oracle bones to their original appearances. The inscriptions of the Huang Group approximately date from the reign of Di Yi and Di Xin [Emperors Yi and Xin], when tortoise plastrons and animals’ scapulae are the main divination tools. This article collects sixteen recently conjoined divination inscriptions of the Huang Group; two of them are incised on tortoise plastrons and the other fourteen on animals’ scapulae. Five of them are the author’s additions to previous scholarly works, while the other eleven are newly conjoined by the author. During the process of conjoining, the author discovers that two divination inscriptions have mistakenly been pieced together by previous scholars and therefore re-conjoins them with other two inscriptions
Fifteen Oracle Bone Inscriptions on Conjoined Scapulae
No full text今所見商代甲骨卜辭，基本以刻在龜甲、胛骨為主。本文以胛骨為範圍，共綴合十五則，其中四則屬第一期的賓組卜辭；另十一則歸於第五期的黃組卜辭，內容涉及卜旬，以及田獵的材料。而十五組中，二組則是在前人的基礎上再行加綴，其餘則為本文新綴。This article interprets fifteen divination writings incised in conjoined animals’ scapulae, two of which are pieced together by former scholars and the other thirteen by the author. Four of the writings belong to the Bin Group of the First Phase, which covers the reign of King Wu Ding; the other eleven belong to the Huang Group of the Fifth Phase, which covers the reign of Emperors Yi and Xin. These divination inscriptions predict the results of hunting activities and the activities’ influences on the balance of nature within the following ten days. Animals’ scapulae and tortoise plastrons are the two primary materials of the Shang Dynasty oracle bones unearthed so far
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is a valuable biomarker for predicting the metabolic syndrome (MS) in institutionalized elderly residents in Taiwan
No full textCirculating levels of inflammatory and prothrombotic factors are elevated in the metabolic syndrome (MS) and linked with the occurrence of cardiovascular events. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between inflammatory and prothrombotic markers and the MS in elderly institutionalized residents. A total of 326 non-diabetic residents of Chuang-Hua Veterans Care Home (age: 79.9 +/- 4.1 years; 100% males) were enrolled. MS was diagnosed according to the AHA/NHLBI Scientific Statement criteria. Body fat percentage was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Inflammatory markers, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), were determined using ELISA. Elderly residents with the MS had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures (both p < 0.001) and higher HOMA-IR (p < 0.001), hsCRP (p = 0.008), and PAI-1 levels (p < 0.001) than those without the MS. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, PAI-1 was an independent risk factor for the MS. Of the MS components, elderly residents with higher waist circumferences and higher levels of plasma fasting glucose, and triglyceride (TG), and lower levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) had higher PAI-1 levels than those without the above components. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
A CeO <sub>2</sub> (100) surface reconstruction unveiled by in situ STEM and particle swarm optimization techniques
No full textThe reconstruction of the polar CeO
(100) surface has been a subject of long-standing debates due to its complexity and the limited availability of experimental data. Herein, we successfully reveal a CeO
(100)–(4 × 6) surface reconstruction by combining in situ spherical aberration–corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, density functional theory calculations, and a particle swarm optimization–based algorithm for structure searching. We have further elucidated the stabilizing mechanism of the reconstructed structure, which involves the splitting of the filled Ce(4f) states and the mixing of the lower-lying ones with the O(2p) orbitals, as evidenced by the projected density of states. We also reveal that the surface chemisorption properties toward water molecules, an important step in numerous heterogeneous catalytic reactions, are enhanced. These insights into the distinct properties of ceria surface pave the way for performance improvements of ceria in a wide range of applications..W. acknowledges the financial support of the national natural Science Foundationof china (51971202, 52025011, and 92045301), the Key Research and development Programof Zhejiang Province (2021c01003), the Zhejiang Provincial natural Science Foundation ofchina (ld19B030001), the Shanxi- Zheda institute of Advanced Materials and chemicalengineering, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the central Universities. W.Y.acknowledges the financial support of the national natural Science Foundation of china(52171019), the Zhejiang Provincial natural Science Foundation of china (lR23B030004), andthe national Key Research and development Program (2022YFA1505500). Z.-K.h.acknowledges the financial support of the national nature Science Foundation of china(22302173). M.v.G.-P. thanks the support of the Grant Pid2021-128915nB- i00 funded by Mcin/Aei/10.13039/501100011033 and by “eRdF A way of making europe.” Author contributions:conceptualization: S.l., Z.-K.h., W.Y.., h.Y., M.v.G.-P., and Y.W. Methodology: K.Z., G.l., S.l.,Z.- K.h., W.Y., and Y.W. investigation: K.Z., G.l., c.Z., S.c., and h.Y. visualization: K.Z., G.l., Z.-K.h.,Y.J., h.Y., and Y.W. Supervision: S.l., Z.-K.h., W.Y., h.Y., M.v.G.-P., and Y.W. Writing—original draft:K.Z. and Y.W. Writing—review and editing: K.Z., G.l., S.d.l., Z.- K.h., Y.J., W.Y., h.Y., M.v.G.- P., andY.W. Funding acquisition: Z.-K.h., W.Y., and Y.W. data curation: W.Y. validation: G.l., S.l., W.Y.,h.Y., and Y.W. Project administration: Z.-K.h., W.Y., and Y.W. Formal analysis: K.Z., G.l., S.l.,Z.- K.h., h.Y. Resources: S.l. and Y.W. Software: S.l
Border design
No full textThe 3145km long US-Mexican border is one of the longest and most intense borderlines in the world. The border twin cities, El Paso and Juarez, are unlike any of the US or Mexican cities. The two cities grow interdependently, asymmetrically and share lots of contrast. Particularly, crossing the border to shop is common in the region. Both countries have very rich market culture and the border communities could benefit a bigger market in terms of variety, quality and prices. Because of their contrast, cross-border activities could be daily and intense. However, the ports of entries are limited and they are the bottlenecks where influx of people flow getting congested. In average, people spent 1 to 2 hour every day to queue before entering the border checkpoints. Every year, every border crossers spent in total 480 hours waiting in line at the border checkpoints. This creates huge losses on time and money that the border crossers could have spent alternatively for enriching their lives. Therefore, the project proposes to broaden the neutral zone for a hybrid building that allows border crossers to double use their time, enjoying life on the “LINE”. A third program-a co-operative US-Mexican market would be introduced. It would provide a shared public space where commercial, social and cultural exchanges take place. In the end, the entire building design aims to create an integrated alternative experience of crossing the border.Architecture and The Built Environmentarchitectur
Living Laboratory
No full textOne enters the building from the dense city areas to the lawn and begins the transition into the protected botanic garden in the middle of the forest farm. It is a place abstracted from the world of traffic, noise, pollutions and density of the city area - an urban space within which to observe, sit, to walk, to enjoy with various natural elements like flowers, trees, and in addition, the additionally attracted insects and animals. All these will bring about unexpected encounter with nature into the space. The carefully chosen botanic products does not only provide precious samples for the production of knowledge and scientific development, but also produce an array of species, colors, seasonal blossoms, fragrances and textures which consume the general public’s corporeal senses. There are two roles of the building in the urban context – the proposed botanic garden. The first one is a gateway transiting from the man-made cityscape to the planned landscape. The opening – the gateway locating at the center of the building redirects contemplation towards the botanic world. The elongated homogeneous façade does not only direct one’s view towards the opening on the axis, but also erased the sensual connections between 2 sides of the landscape at the first impression to enhance a contrasting experience with the hidden garden behind. The second one is mainly achieved and realized on the other side of the building. The botanic garden is regarded as a natural carpet of an enjoyable atmosphere and the proposed architecture is a sloping platform – a mount where the public can climb up for an overview of the whole landscape and the planned garden layers. The botanic garden becomes the stage and the building as the theater seating. From the urban setting to the position of the building and finally to the materialization of the design, the idea of bring up a utopian vision of living is stitching up the stories boards – An living laboratory which produces knowledge as well as evolves with natural elements through time. There are schedule of accommodations and special requirements for the operation of a laboratory. The programs proposed and the related technical configurations provide a clue for design development, e.g. With its dual quality of form the construction of louvers of sun screening for lab offices can also be regarded as a stepping seating for the garden views. The timber louvers enclosed the whole architecture as an installation on the landscape. Timber is chosen as the main construction material in the hope of seeking a close connection with the nature. Components are assembled in a way to accommodate programs with various spatial qualities.Public Realm Studio, AnkaraArchitectureArchitectur
Proteomic investigation of rostral ventrolateral medulla, a neural substrate intimately related to brain death
No full textAn individual who has sustained either irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions, or irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem is dead. Brain death is currently the legal definition of death in many countries. Many people confuse brain death with vegetative states. Patients in a vegetative state are unaware of themselves or their environment. Both patients with brain death and those in a vegetative state are unconscious following severe brain injury. Unlike the brain death, vegetative patient\ue2s vital vegetative functions, such as cardiac action, respiration, and maintenance of blood pressure are preserved.
The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is the origin of a \ue2life-and-death\ue2 signal identified from systemic arterial blood pressure spectrum and intimately related to brain death. Based on the animal models of brain death, the observations that the power density of the vasomotor components of SAP signals undergoes both augmentation and reduction during the progression towards death strongly suggest that both \ue2\ue2pro-life\ue2\ue2 and \ue2\ue2pro-death\ue2\ue2 programs are present in the RVLM. A number of those \ue2\ue2pro-life\ue2\ue2 and \ue2\ue2pro-death\ue2\ue2 programs in the RVLM has now been identified along with their cellular and molecular mechanisms. As the neural substrate that is intimately related to brain death, one unresolved question is whether the proteome expressed in RVLM is unique.
To address the issue, we used the cerebral cortex, which is defunct under persistent vegetative state for comparison. 2-DE electrophoresis, MALTI-TOF MS and peptide mass fingerprinting were used for investigation the proteomic difference between the rat RVLM and cerebral cortex.
Quantitative analysis on silver-stained 2-DE electrophoresis gels revealed highly comparable distribution patterns of these protein spots for both brain regions, with 85.9 \uc2\ub1 2.3 % of protein spots from RVLM matched those from cerebral cortex. According to the protein function, these proteins were classed into binding activity, chaperone, antioxidant, oxidoreductase, ubiquitin- proteasome system, cell cycle, catalytic activity, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, electron transport chain, endocytosis and exocytosis, structural molecular function, apoptosis, transport, differentiation and neurogenesis, protein biosynthesis, cell junction, and others. We found that a group of antioxidant proteins, including members of the peroxiredoxin (Prx) family (Prx-1, Prx-2, Prx-5, and Prx-6), thioredoxin and mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase exhibited significantly higher protein and mRNA expression levels in RVLM when compared to cerebral cortex. Tissue oxygen, ATP contents and ATP synthase subunits alpha and beta in RVLM were also significantly elevated. On the other hand, protein and mRNA levels of members of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, including proteasome subunit alpha type-1, ubiquitin, uniquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 and L3, were comparable in both brain regions.
The presence of higher levels of tissue oxygen and ATP synthase subunits in RVLM, leading to augmented ATP production, provides a cellular safeguard mechanism to reduce the possibility of irreversible reduction in intracellular ATP contents that precipitate brain death. By manifesting an augmented tissue oxygen and metabolic energy production, RVLM is more prone to oxidative stress.
We conclude that a significantly elevated level of antioxidant proteins and mRNA in RVLM is consistent with the exhibition of higher tissue oxygen tension and metabolic energy production in this neural substrate, which together constitute a safeguard mechanism against brain death
The End of "Made in Hong Kong"? : De-industrialisation and Industrial Promotion Policy in Hong Kong
No full textThis article explores spatial aspects of Hong Kong's deindustrialisation, related both to the development of closer cross-border ties and to Hong Kong's evolution as a global city. Industrial promotion has always had its place in the generally non-interventionist economic policy ofthe government. However, under the new political and economical conditions industrial promotion has moved up on the agenda. In particular, the promotion of high-tech industries is given special governmental attention. The author wams that the plans for re-industrialising Hong Kong may be based on an obsolete view of the city: the city as an isolated entity rather than as the cross-border economic agglomeration that it is growing into. The aim should be to develop a strong and productive industrial base with intraregional co-operation for the whole agglomeration instead of just for Hong Kong
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