1,721,038 research outputs found
IDIMT-2022 : digitalization of society, business and management in a pandemic : 30th Interdisciplinary Information Management Talks, Sept. 7-9, 2022, Prague, Czech Republic / von Chroust, Gerhard / Dynamic emergence of features in complex systems
No full textAn epidemic involves numerous persons and institutions in handling and mitigating the situation which is characterized by medical urgency, time pressure, political pressure and aggravated by the need to act in partially unknown territory. Many fields of knowledge have to be brought together to fight the challenges. The individual organizations, their actors and the general public have to interact with one another and this often results in unexpected situations, behavior and results, we speak of emergent effects.Emergent effects sometimes are a welcomed support for actions taken, enhancing the desirable effects, but often they turn out the be counter-productive, reducing or even destroying the intended results. Emergent behavior of systems are a theoretically and practically challenging area of research. There is a rich knowledge about emergence in technical, medical and philosophical domains, for emergence in human behavior and societal issues there seems to be little knowledge available.Our contribution stresses the difference with respect to a system system between general properties on one side and and features on the other side (the relevant and characterizing properties of a complex system) and associate the phenomenon of emergence based on the feature set of a system. An epidemic involves numerous persons and institutions in handling and mitigating the situation which is characterized by medical urgency, time pressure, political pressure and aggravated by the need to act in partially unknown territory. Many fields of knowledge have to be brought together to fight the challenges. The individual organizations, their actors and the general public have to interact with one another and this often results in unexpected situations, behavior and results, we speak of emergent effects.Emergent effects sometimes are a welcomed support for actions taken, enhancing the desirable effects, but often they turn out the be counter-productive, reducing or even destroying the intended results. Emergent behavior of systems are a theoretically and practically challenging area of research. There is a rich knowledge about emergence in technical, medical and philosophical domains, for emergence in human behavior and societal issues there seems to be little knowledge available.Our contribution stresses the difference with respect to a system system between general properties on one side and and features on the other side (the relevant and characterizing properties of a complex system) and associate the phenomenon of emergence based on the feature set of a system.Gerhard ChroustRefereed/Peer-reviewedVersion of recor
Systems Engineering in a Context of Systemic Cooperation (SCOOPs): Development and Implications
No full textAbstractWe present details of the development of a conceptual framework for systems engineering in a context of Systemic Cooperation, henceforth the SCOOPs model, begun at the International Federation for Systems Research (IFSR) ‘Conversation’ held in Linz in 2014. The authors constitute a group convened by the IFSR with joint sponsorship between the International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE) Systems Science Working Group (SSWG) and the International Society for the Systems Sciences (ISSS). The 2014 IFSR working group continued with the development of the Systems Praxis Framework (SPF), the product of the previous IFSR conversation in 2012, and focused on a pragmatic framing of Systems Engineering within its wider context. In presenting the details of the development of the SCOOPs model, we review relevant foundational work in addition to the SPF leading to a critical discussion of its implications for the theoretical underpinnings and practice of Systems Engineering. This is not a final articulation of the SCOOPs model, but a report on an important milestone in its ongoing development
Knowledge in Education; a Process View
Get PDFIn this paper we review how changing paradigms of the Information and Communication (IC) technologies affect essential parameters of creating and disseminating information in the academic world. Using a historical perspective their impact on the university education system will be discussed. Both documents (e.g. electronic documents) and communication means (e.g. Internet) are investigated. The parameters are analyzed with respect to their effects on the timing of the various subprocesses of academic education (e.g. time to publication, time to teaching etc.). Consequences for quality attributes and teacher/student relationships are discussed in view of the academic education processes. We will show that many of the cherished traditions, habits and beliefs of yesterday are invalidated, especially by the modern IC-technologies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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