20 research outputs found
Characterization and structure in the development of Tudor comedy
No full textThe role of characterization in dramatic structure is assessed by theoretical criteria.
Characters who perform actions necessary for the completion of the narrative sequence are
said to be "bound" to the narrative; those without such obligations are "free". Characters
who maintain a single, constant meaning during the course of a play are said to be "static";
characters who change or develop into new roles are "dynamic". Horatian decorum
demanded that comic characters be static, and the characters of Plautine and Terentian
tradition were almost always bound to narrative intrigue. However, evaluations of six
Tudor comedies show an increasing use of non-classical characterization within the comic
form.
In the early comedies lohan lohan and Roister Doister all characters are bound and
static, yet the impetus to enlarge the role of characterization is evident. The characters of
lohan lohan are expanded from their French source, and Roister Doister includes
extraneous episodes in which Udall displays his braggart hero. Free characters abound in
Misogonus; as well the play brings dynamic characterization into the scope of comedy with
the conversion of its prodigal son.
Free characters offer new possibilities of non-narrative plotting. In comedies of the
1580s favourite traditional characters appear as diversions outside the action, and thematic
arrangements of characters inform the increasingly complex plots. Lyly stresses the
symbolic potential of characters in Endimion, whereas Greene uses dynamic
characterization to heighten the illusion of independent figures in Friar Bacon and Friar
Bungay. Love's Labour's Lost exposes the limitations of comic artifice by pulling the
characters between convention and individualization.
By the end of the sixteenth century free and dynamic characters had become
common, and characterization had established a sizable claim on the design of English
comedy. These developments set the English form apart from its neoclassical counterparts
Search Engine Optimisation in UK news production
No full textThis is an Author's Accepted Manuscript of an article published in Journalism Practice, 5(4), 462 - 477, 2011, copyright Taylor & Francis, available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/17512786.2010.551020.This paper represents an exploratory study into an emerging culture in UK online newsrooms—the practice of Search Engine Optimisation (SEO), which assesses its impact on news production. Comprising a short-term participant observational case study at a national online news publisher, and a series of semi-structured, in-depth interviews with SEO professionals at three further UK media organisations, the author sets out to establish how SEO is operationalised in the newsroom, and what consequences these practices have for online news production. SEO practice is found to be varied and application is not universal. Not all UK news organisations are making the most of SEO even though some publishers take a highly sophisticated approach. Efforts are constrained by time, resources and management support, as well as off-page technical issues. SEO policy is found, in some cases, to inform editorial policy, but there is resistance to the principal of SEO driving decision-making. Several themes are established which call for further research
South African travel writing and bias
No full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 92-96).This thesis spotlights the travel and leisure magazine industry within South Africa. It contends that the travel writing genre is susceptible to a number of biases, both past and present, which ultimately affect the way its overall content is produced and presented to the public. This work was substantiated through a set of qualitative interviews with key professionals within the South African travel and leisure magazine industry, as well as through a theme- based content analysis of a number of local travel writing publications. This study adds to a rather extensive line of research written on the topic of travel writing regarding a number of older criticisms of bias including 'othering', escapism, and gendering. However, it also focuses on a number of more modem biases such as direct advertising, advertorial usage, as well as the acceptance of 'freebies' and barter agreements, none of which has been given much attention in previous research. The sheer existence of these and other biases within the modem South African travel and leisure magazine industry exhibits an absolute necessity of examination into such a topic, especially given the importance and overall influence that the travel writing industry has on a country's economic standing and overall image
Controls on dissolved cobalt in surface waters of the Sargasso Sea : comparisons with iron and aluminum
No full textAuthor Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2012. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles 26 (2012): GB2020, doi:10.1029/2011GB004155.Dissolved cobalt (dCo), iron (dFe) and aluminum (dAl) were determined in water
column samples along a meridional transect (~31°N to 24°N) south of Bermuda in
June 2008. A general north-to-south increase in surface concentrations of dFe (0.3–1.6 nM) and dAl (14–42 nM) was observed, suggesting that aerosol deposition is a significant source of dFe and dAl, whereas no clear trend was observed for near-surface dCo concentrations. Shipboard aerosol samples indicate fractional solubility values of 8–100% for aerosol Co, which are significantly higher than corresponding estimates of the solubility of aerosol Fe (0.44–45%). Hydrographic observations and analysis of time series rain samples from Bermuda indicate that wet deposition accounts for most (>80%) of the total aeolian flux of Co, and hence a significant proportion of the atmospheric input of dCo to our study region. Our aerosol data imply that the atmospheric input of dCo to the Sargasso Sea is modest, although this flux may be more significant in late summer. The water column dCo profiles reveal a vertical distribution that predominantly reflects ‘nutrient-type’ behavior, versus scavenged-type behavior for dAl, and a hybrid of nutrient- and scavenged-type behavior for dFe. Mesoscale eddies also appear to impact on the vertical distribution of dCo. The effects of biological removal of dCo from the upper water column were apparent as pronounced sub-surface minima (21 ± 4 pM dCo), coincident with maxima in Prochlorococcus abundance. These observations imply that Prochlorococcus plays a major role in removing dCo from the euphotic zone, and that the availability of dCo may regulate Prochlorococcus growth in the Sargasso Sea.This study
was supported by a University of Plymouth, Marine Institute scholarship to
R.U.S., a U.S. National Science Foundation grant to P.N.S. (OCE-0550594),
T.M.C. (OCE-0550592) and E.R.S. (OCE-0549954), and a European Commission
Marie Curie Outgoing International Fellowship under contract
PIOF-GA-2009-235418 SOLAIROS for S.J.U.2012-11-1
Towards Authoring Tools For DIY Tutorials: From Tutorial User Strategies to Guidelines (Free Template Included!
No full textTutorials are essential for knowledge exchange in the DIY community. However, they often have quality issues leading to misunderstandings, mistakes, and safety risks. This indicates a need for research into how to design interactive systems that reduce author workload, improve tutorial quality, and present tutorial content more dynamically adapted to users’ needs. As a baseline for such research, we need to understand how tutorial users determine tutorial quality. To this end, we conducted a qualitative study with 13 makers seeking out tutorials to implement a chosen project. We observed them selecting tutorials and asked about their selection criteria and strategies in semi-structured retrospective interviews. We combined our findings with related work, derived tutorial authoring guidelines, and created an example template embodying these recommendations. Our contributions can benefit researchers and practitioners designing authoring tools for DIY tutorials, but also DIY tutorial authors and websites."https://dl.acm.org/doi/"&R3
Ceratomyxa pallida Thelohan 1895
No full text<i>Ceratomyxa pallida</i> Thélohan, 1895 <p> <b>Type host:</b> <i>Sarpa salpa</i> Linnaeus, 1758 goldline sea bream (Perciformes: Sparidae)</p> <p> <b>Other host:</b> <i>Boops</i> <i>boops</i> Linnaeus, 1758 bogue</p> <p> <b>Type locality:</b> Mediterranean off Monaco, France.</p> <p> <b>Other localities:</b> Mediterranean off Tunisia: Location 1: Gulf of Tunis (36°45’N, 10°15’E); Location 2: Bay of Bizerte (37°20’ N, 9°53’ E).</p> <p> <b>Site of infection:</b> Within gall bladder</p> <p> <b>Prevalence:</b> The overall prevalence is 20% (66/330) (Fig. 9). At location 1, the prevalence of infection is 22.86% (48/210) distributed as following, 03/2012: 13.3% (4/30); 04/2012: 20% (6/30); 05/2012: 30% (9/30); 06/ 2012: 23.3% (7/30); 07/2012: 20% (6/30); 08/2012: 10% (3/30); 05/2013: 40% (8/20); 06/2013: 50% (5/10). At location 2, the prevalence of infection is 15% (18/120) distributed as following, 03/2013: 13.3% (4/30); 04/2013: 13.3% (4/30); 05/2013: 16.7% (5/30); 06/2013: 16.7% (5/30) (see Table 4).</p> <p> <b>Mean intensity:</b> 126.9 ± 20.8 spores/infected fish (++++++) (Fig. 10) (see Table 4).</p> <p> <b>Type-material:</b> Digitized photos of syntype spores were deposited in the parasitological collection of the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Paris, Coll. No. ZS 129.</p> <p>Description</p> <p> <b>Vegetative stages.</b> Numerous spherical trophozoïtes found often in massive groups with variety of size (Fig. 2 A). They were seen floating in the bile and contained within several refractile granules and inner generative cells (Fig. 2 A), Monosporic plasmodia (n = 30) (Figs. 2 C–D), mostly spherical to amoeboid, measuring 22.9 ± 2.1 (20–25) µm in diameter. The amoeboid plasmodia showed a pseudopodia extending from its periphery (Fig. 2 C) while other spherical seemed disadvantaged from any type of pseudopodia (Figs. 2 C,D)</p> <p> <b>Spores</b> (n = 30 fresh spores). Mature spores were slightly crescent-shaped with anterior margin convex and posterior slightly concave in sutural view (Figs. 2 E–F,H,8B), measuring 7.32 ± 0.61 (6.5–8) µm in length and 28 ± 1.5 (26–30) µm in thickness. Posterior angle was concave to straight 160.9 ± 4.6 (154–170°). Two valves, roughly equal, smoothly ovoid in lateral view tapering gradually toward the end, which one rarely more attenuated than the other. Straight sutural line visible between valves. A binucleate sporoplasm with several visible sporolasmosomes occupied almost the entire spore cavity and rarely dispersed asymmetrically (Fig. 2 E). Polar capsules were almost spherical, 2.95 ± 0.47 (2.5–3.6) µm in length and 2.92 ± 0.39 (2.5–3.6) µm in width (n = 30). The polar filament formed four turns arranged along the longitudinal axis of the capsule.</p> <p>Remarks</p> <p> <i>C. pallida</i> Thélohan, 1895 was firstly described from two members of Sparidae family <i>B. boops</i> (L.) and <i>S. salpa</i> (L.) from the Mediterranean off France. The original description of Thélohan (1895) was poor and limited to some measures. No schematic draw has been published for this species by that author or by Georgévitch (1916) who found the same parasite in the same two hosts from the Mediterranean off Monaco. Auerbach (1912), in his study, was uncertain as the <i>Ceratomyxa</i> species found in the gallbladder of <i>Gadus merlangus</i> (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Bergen in Norway, was <i>C. pallida</i> based on dimensions of vegetative forms which were disporous and some mature spores. Likewise, Davis (1917) mentioned in his study a very close similarity between <i>C. monospora</i> Davis, 1917 found in the gall bladders of <i>Peprilus alepidotus</i> (Linnaeus, 1766) and <i>Prionotus evolans</i> (Linnaeus, 1766) from Atlantic Ocean and <i>C. pallida</i> Thélohan, 1895 based only on the size of the trophozoïtes without determination of the mature spores. In the study of Meglitsch (1960), <i>C. pallida</i> and other species have been omitted from the list of ceratomyxids because of the lack of information. Furthermore, in the synopsis of the <i>Ceratomyxa</i> compiled by Eiras (2006), the description of <i>C. pallida</i> did not conform to the data noted in the original report as the vegetative forms were almost spherical and not the mature spores (Thélohan 1895; Kudo 1920). During this survey, the trophozoïtes of <i>C. pallida</i> are spherical and monosporous in congruent with the original description of Thélohan (1895). However, the dimensions of the present form show a little difference as the plasmodia are larger and the spores are more longer than those originally noted.</p> <p>Ecological notes</p> <p> During our investigation, the overall prevalence of <i>C. pallida</i> infection is 20%. It has a parasitic status as less frequent species (10% ≤ Prevalence ≤ 50%). Infection by <i>C. pallida</i> was present during the entire period of sampling in both localities. In Gulf of Tunis, the infection started from March and increased gradually to June with greater prevalence 20% in 2012 and 50 % in 2013. However, it decreased after from June to August. Generally, prevalence and mean intensity values increased from March to June then diminished till August. In Bay of Bizerte, the infection was detected with no significant difference between months. The highest prevalence was noted in May 16.7% and still constable to June (see Table 4). In both localities, mean intensity of <i>C. pallida</i> appeared severe with 126.9 ± 20.8 spores per infected fish (Fig. 10).</p>Published as part of <i>Laamiri, Sayef, 2014, New observations on Myxozoa of the goldline sea bream Sarpa salpa L. 1758 (Teleostei: Sparidae) from the Mediterranean coast of Tunisia, pp. 157-190 in Zootaxa 3887 (2)</i> on page 162, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3887.2.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/229268">http://zenodo.org/record/229268</a>
A Survey of Spoofer Detection Techniques via Radio Frequency Fingerprinting with Focus on the GNSS Pre-Correlation Sampled Data
No full textRadio frequency fingerprinting (RFF) methods are becoming more and more popular in the context of identifying genuine transmitters and distinguishing them from malicious or non-authorized transmitters, such as spoofers and jammers. RFF approaches have been studied to a moderate-to-great extent in the context of non-GNSS transmitters, such as WiFi, IoT, or cellular transmitters, but they have not yet been addressed much in the context of GNSS transmitters. In addition, the few RFF-related works in GNSS context are based on post-correlation or navigation data and no author has yet addressed the RFF problem in GNSS with pre-correlation data. Moreover, RFF methods in any of the three domains (pre-correlation, post-correlation, or navigation) are still hard to be found in the context of GNSS. The goal of this paper was two-fold: first, to provide a comprehensive survey of the RFF methods applicable in the GNSS context; and secondly, to propose a novel RFF methodology for spoofing detection, with a focus on GNSS pre-correlation data, but also applicable in a wider context. In order to support our proposed methodology, we qualitatively investigated the capability of different methods to be used in the context of pre-correlation sampled GNSS data, and we present a simulation-based example, under ideal noise conditions, of how the feature down selection can be done. We are also pointing out which of the transmitter features are likely to play the biggest roles in the RFF in GNSS, and which features are likely to fail in helping RFF-based spoofing detection
“We’re Still Writing That Story”: How Successful Women Engineers Use Narrative Rhetoric to Open Possibilities for Change
No full textabstract: Women are under-represented in engineering, in school and in the workplace. Reasons for this include the socio-historical masculinization of technology, which has been established by feminist technology researchers such as Faulkner, Lohan and Cockburn, and makes developing role models of women engineers difficult. The under-representation of women in engineering is a social problem that typically lies outside the area of interest of rhetoricians. However, my dissertation considers storytelling by women engineers as a powerful rhetorical tool, one that is well-suited for the particular structural inequalities endemic to engineering. I analyze stories told by participants in an oral history project conducted by the Society of Women Engineers, with women engineers who worked between the 1940’s and the early 2000’s. I use a textual coding research method to reveal the claims participants make through stories, themes that are evident across those claims, and how women engineers effectively use stories to advance those claims. My study extends the scholarly understanding of the rhetoric of engineering work. I find that in their stories participants argue for a complex relationship between social and technical work; they describe how technical thinking helps them work through social problems, how technical work is socially situated, that an interest in technical work impacts family and interpersonal relationships, and how making career decisions is facilitated by social relationships. They also demonstrate considerable rhetorical expertise in their use of narrative. As a collection these stories meet a pressing need: the need for an understanding of engineering and women engineers that creates possibilities for change. They meet this need first by helping the audience understand both significant systemic oppressions and the problem-solving individual actions that can be taken in response (in ways that highlight possibilities without placing the full responsibility for change on women engineers), and second by illustrating a heterogenous understanding of engineering and women engineers (in order to avoid essentializing women and essentializing technology). As a result of these qualities, the stories are a way to get to ‘know’ engineers and engineering from a distance, which is exactly the pressing lack felt by so many potential women engineers.Dissertation/ThesisDoctoral Dissertation English 202
Hidden Authorships The collaborations in the architecture of Mies van der Rohe
No full textDissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaEsta dissertação tem como principal objectivo aprofundar os contextos autorais da arquitectura moderna na primeira metade do século XX. De acordo com investigações previamente realizadas, torna-se claro que muitos dos projectos de grandes arquitectos não partiram só de si próprios mas de várias colaborações com outras personagens menos centrais e pouco referidas no contexto da história da arquitectura. Desta forma, a presente dissertação foca-se no trabalho de Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, pela sua importância para o movimento moderno e procura perceber as relações e colaborações que este arquitecto desenvolveu ao longo da sua carreira profissional. Assim, foi importante procurar figuras que de certo modo tenham sido relevantes no seu percurso arquitectónico e nos mais diversos projectos que vão desde o mobiliário à arquitectura e, consequentemente, da arquitectura à cidade. Nesta dissertação foi de extrema importância a análise de duas épocas distintas, de forma a compreender o percurso de Mies, desde o início da sua actividade na Europa, até o período em que emigrou para a América. Na Europa, Mies atravessou duas fases arquitectónicas: uma em que aprendeu e colaborou com outos arquitectos, tais como Bruno Paul e Peter Behrens, e outra como autor principal, onde foram investigadas colaborações com Lilly Reich e Sergius Ruengenberg. No que diz respeito à sua actividade nos Estados Unidos da América, Mies desenvolveu projectos a título individual e trabalhou como professor. Nesse período, teve como colaboradores alunos tais como George Edson Danforth, Edward Austin Duckett, Joseph Fujikawa, Myron Goldsmith, Genne Summers, Peter Carter, Peter Pran e Dirk Lohan bem como com outros profissionais e arquitectos tais como Philip Johnson, Alfred Caldwell e Ludwig Hilberseimer. Deste modo, a investigação requereu uma análise detalhada dos diferentes projectos do autor, das suas especificidades, métodos e influências teóricas.This dissertation has as main objective to deepen the contexts of modern architecture in the first half of the 20th century. According to previous research, it is clear that many of the projects of great architects did not start from themselves but from various collaborations with other less central characters and little referred in the context of the history of architecture. In this way, the present dissertation focuses on the work of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, for his importance to the modern movement and seeks to understand the relationships and collaborations that this architect developed throughout his professional career. Thus, it was important to look for figures that in a way have been relevant in their architectural route and in the most diverse projects that go from the furniture to the architecture and, consequently, from the architecture to the city.In this dissertation, it was extremely important to analyze two distinct epochs, in order to understand Mies' path from the beginning of his activity in Europe to the period in which he emigrated to America. In Europe, Mies went through two architectural phases: one in which he learned and collaborated with other architects, such as Bruno Paul and Peter Behrens, and another as lead author, where collaborations were investigated with Lilly Reich and Sergius Ruengenberg.With regard to his activity in the United States of America, Mies developed individual projects and worked as a teacher. In this period, students such as George Edson Danforth, Edward Austin Duckett, Joseph Fujikawa, Myron Goldsmith, Genne Summers, Peter Carter, Peter Pran and Dirk Lohan as well as other professionals and architects such as Philip Johnson, Alfred Caldwell and Ludwig Hilberseimer.Thus, the investigation required a detailed analysis of the author's different projects, their specificities, methods and theoretical influences
Evaluating the Ecological Impacts of Cultivating Genetically Modified Herbicide Tolerant (GMHT) Oilseed Rape and Maize: (2007-B-DS-1-S1) STRIVE Report
No full textThis report is published as part of the Science, Technology, Research and Innovation for the
Environment (STRIVE) Programme 2007–2013.Author has checked copyrigh
