1,720,974 research outputs found
Dataset med 3D-foraminifera för att avslöja miljöförändringar i Östersjöns inlopp under de senaste 200 åren
No full textDataset of 3D reconstructions of the foraminifer Elphidium clavatum (marine protist with a calcite shell) acquired at the Beamline BL 47XU, SPring-8 synchrotron facility (Japan). A voxel size of 0.5 µm was used. In total, 124 specimens of Elphidium clavatum were scanned. For each specimen are available: a collection of raw images ("cropped" folder), a collection of binary images ("mask" folder), a 3D reconstruction (STL file), and two snapshot images of the 3D reconstruction. Sediment cores were collected in 2013 during a cruise with R/V Skagerak at Öresund station DV, north of the Island of Ven (55°55.59′ N, 12°42.66′ E). From the sediment core, 16 sediment layers were selected, representing the last 200 years (i.e., roughly the years ~2013, ~2010, ~2005, ~2002, ~1993, ~1986, ~1978, ~1960, ~1939, ~1923, ~1906, ~1890, ~1873, ~1857, ~1840, and ~1807). Between five to ten Elphidium clavatum specimens were selected from each layer. The dataset is part of the study exploring 3D time series of microfossils recording environmental conditions in the Baltic Sea entrance from the period early industrial (the 1800s) to present-day (the 2010s). The size of the dataset is 57 GB. Please contact the main author for further details. 124 specimens of Elphidium clavatum from 16 sediment layers were scanned. For each specimen, the following files are available: a collection of raw images in TIF format ("cropped" folder), a collection of binary images in TIF format ("mask" folder), a 3D reconstruction in STL format, and two snapshot images of the 3D reconstruction in TIF or PNG format. A voxel size of 0.5 µm was used. The data for each specimen is stored in a folder named as follows: DV(sediment depth in cm)-sp(specimen number)-(estimated year), e.g., “DV1-sp2-2013” (sediment depth: 1 cm, specimen 2, estimated year 2013). Examples of suitable software for handling the files include ImageJ and MeshLab. Total number of files: 69,652 (plus a readme file with documentation) Total number of folders: 390 Dataset size: 57,1 GBDataset med 3D-rekonstruktioner av foraminifären Elphidium clavatum (marin protist med kalcitskal) som förvärvats vid Beamline BL 47XU, SPring-8 synkrotronanläggning (Japan). En voxelstorlek på 0,5 µm användes. Totalt skannades 124 exemplar av Elphidium clavatum. För varje exemplar finns följande filer tillgängliga: en samling råbilder (mappen "cropped"), en samling binära bilder (mappen "mask"), en 3D-rekonstruktion (STL-fil) och två ögonblicksbilder av 3D-rekonstruktionen. Sedimentkärnor samlades in 2013 under en kryssning med R/V Skagerak vid Öresundsstationen DV, norr om ön Ven (55°55,59′ N, 12°42,66′ E). Från sedimentkärnan valdes 16 sedimentlager ut som representerar de senaste 200 åren (dvs. ungefär åren ~2013, ~2010, ~2005, ~2002, ~1993, ~1986, ~1978, ~1960, ~1939, ~1923, ~1906, ~1890, ~1873, ~1857, ~1840 och ~1807). Mellan fem och tio exemplar av Elphidium clavatum valdes ut från varje lager. Datamängden är en del av studien som utforskar 3D-tidsserier av mikrofossil som registrerar miljöförhållanden i Östersjöns inlopp från den tidigindustriella perioden (1800-talet) till nutid (2010-talet). Datasetets storlek är 57 GB. Kontakta huvudförfattaren för ytterligare information. 124 exemplar av Elphidium clavatum från 16 sedimentlager skannades. För varje exemplar finns följande filer tillgängliga: en samling råbilder i TIF-format (mappen "cropped"), en samling binära bilder i TIF-format (mappen "mask"), en 3D-rekonstruktion i STL-format och två ögonblicksbilder av 3D-rekonstruktionen i TIF eller PNG-format. En voxelstorlek på 0,5 µm användes. Data för varje exemplar finns i mappar namngett på följande sätt: DV(sedimentdjup i cm)-sp(exemplarnummer)-(beräknat år), t.ex. ”DV1-sp2-2013” (sedimentdjup: 1 cm, exemplar nummer 2, beräknat år 2013). Exempel på lämpliga program för att öppna filerna inkluderar ImageJ och MeshLab. Antal filer totalt: 69 652 (plus en readme-fil med dokumentation) Antal mappar totalt: 390 Datasetets storlek: 57,1 G
Ecology of benthic foraminifera, geochemical and biological interactions : multidisciplinary approach at different scales
No full textThe overall aim of this PhD thesis was to investigate sedimentary micro-environments and ecosystem functioning of two coastal areas. We combined different high spatial resolution methods and multivariate analyses at different spatio-temporal scales to reveal interactions between benthic faunal and geochemical compartments. Firstly, we investigated two stations with contrasted oxygen, nitrate and manganese conditions in the Gullmar Fjord (Sweden). We revealed the high contribution (50–100 %) of denitrifying benthic foraminifera to the nitrogen cycle in oxygenated and nitrate-rich micro–environments. Nitrogen and manganese cycles are closely related to oxygenation conditions of the ecosystem. Our results highlighted the high contribution (87 %) of macrofaunal bioirrigation to Mn release to the water column under hypoxic conditions. Secondly, we focused on a monthly monitoring of two ecological bioindicators groups; microphytobenthos (MPB) and foraminifera in the Bourgneuf Bay mudflat (France). We showed that foraminiferal reproduction events were modulated by unfavorable conditions (high hydrodynamic and winter conditions) versus favorable conditions (low hydrodynamic and summer conditions). We also demonstrated that foraminiferal species fed preferentially on diatom species based on their shape, size and life-forms. We further compared, with high spatial resolution methods, geochemical conditions at two contrasted months, which allowed to clarify the behavior of redox species and nutrients. Then, foraminiferal micro-distributions indicated the state of sediment instability versus stability. Finally, this doctoral research opens new perspectives in the use of high spatial resolution in 2D/3D to solve complex benthic ecology problemsL'objectif général de cette thèse est d'étudier les micro-environnements sédimentaires et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes de deux zones côtières. Nous avons combiné différentes méthodes à haute résolution spatiale et des analyses multivariées à différentes échelles spatio-temporelles pour révéler les interactions entre les compartiments de la faune benthique et géochimiques. Tout d'abord, nous avons étudié deux stations présentant des conditions contrastées en oxygène, nitrate et manganèse dans le Gullmar Fjord (Suède). Nous avons révélé la forte contribution (50-100 %) des foraminifères benthiques dénitrifiants au cycle de l'azote dans des micro-environnements oxygénés et riches en nitrate. Le cycle de l'azote et du manganèse sont étroitement liés aux conditions d'oxygénation de l'écosystème. Nos résultats ont mis en évidence la forte contribution (87 %) de la bioirrigation engendrée par la macrofaune au cycle du Mn dans des conditions hypoxiques. Deuxièmement, nous nous sommes concentrés sur un suivi mensuel de deux groupes de bio-indicateurs écologiques : le microphytobenthos (MPB) et les foraminifères dans la vasière en Baie de Bourgneuf (France). Nous avons montré que les événements de reproduction des foraminifères sont modulés par des conditions défavorables (hydrodynamisme plus fort en conditions hivernales) par rapport à des conditions favorables (hydrodynamisme plus faible en conditions estivales). Nos résultats suggèrent que les espèces de foraminifères se nourrissent préférentiellement des espèces de diatomées en fonction de leur forme, de leur taille et de leur mode de vie. Nous avons également comparé avec des méthodes à haute résolution spatiale les conditions géochimiques de deux mois contrastés, ce qui a permis de clarifier le comportement des espèces redox et des nutriments. De plus, les micro-distributions des foraminifères indiquent l'état d'instabilité versus stabilité des sédiments. Enfin, cette recherche doctorale ouvre de nouvelles perspectives dans l’utilisation des hautes résolutions spatiales en 2D/3D pour résoudre des problèmes d'écologie benthique complexes
Ecology of benthic foraminifera, geochemical and biological interactions : multidisciplinary approach at different scales
No full textThe overall aim of this PhD thesis was to investigate sedimentary micro-environments and ecosystem functioning of two coastal areas. We combined different high spatial resolution methods and multivariate analyses at different spatio-temporal scales to reveal interactions between benthic faunal and geochemical compartments. Firstly, we investigated two stations with contrasted oxygen, nitrate and manganese conditions in the Gullmar Fjord (Sweden). We revealed the high contribution (50–100 %) of denitrifying benthic foraminifera to the nitrogen cycle in oxygenated and nitrate-rich micro–environments. Nitrogen and manganese cycles are closely related to oxygenation conditions of the ecosystem. Our results highlighted the high contribution (87 %) of macrofaunal bioirrigation to Mn release to the water column under hypoxic conditions. Secondly, we focused on a monthly monitoring of two ecological bioindicators groups; microphytobenthos (MPB) and foraminifera in the Bourgneuf Bay mudflat (France). We showed that foraminiferal reproduction events were modulated by unfavorable conditions (high hydrodynamic and winter conditions) versus favorable conditions (low hydrodynamic and summer conditions). We also demonstrated that foraminiferal species fed preferentially on diatom species based on their shape, size and life-forms. We further compared, with high spatial resolution methods, geochemical conditions at two contrasted months, which allowed to clarify the behavior of redox species and nutrients. Then, foraminiferal micro-distributions indicated the state of sediment instability versus stability. Finally, this doctoral research opens new perspectives in the use of high spatial resolution in 2D/3D to solve complex benthic ecology problemsL'objectif général de cette thèse est d'étudier les micro-environnements sédimentaires et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes de deux zones côtières. Nous avons combiné différentes méthodes à haute résolution spatiale et des analyses multivariées à différentes échelles spatio-temporelles pour révéler les interactions entre les compartiments de la faune benthique et géochimiques. Tout d'abord, nous avons étudié deux stations présentant des conditions contrastées en oxygène, nitrate et manganèse dans le Gullmar Fjord (Suède). Nous avons révélé la forte contribution (50-100 %) des foraminifères benthiques dénitrifiants au cycle de l'azote dans des micro-environnements oxygénés et riches en nitrate. Le cycle de l'azote et du manganèse sont étroitement liés aux conditions d'oxygénation de l'écosystème. Nos résultats ont mis en évidence la forte contribution (87 %) de la bioirrigation engendrée par la macrofaune au cycle du Mn dans des conditions hypoxiques. Deuxièmement, nous nous sommes concentrés sur un suivi mensuel de deux groupes de bio-indicateurs écologiques : le microphytobenthos (MPB) et les foraminifères dans la vasière en Baie de Bourgneuf (France). Nous avons montré que les événements de reproduction des foraminifères sont modulés par des conditions défavorables (hydrodynamisme plus fort en conditions hivernales) par rapport à des conditions favorables (hydrodynamisme plus faible en conditions estivales). Nos résultats suggèrent que les espèces de foraminifères se nourrissent préférentiellement des espèces de diatomées en fonction de leur forme, de leur taille et de leur mode de vie. Nous avons également comparé avec des méthodes à haute résolution spatiale les conditions géochimiques de deux mois contrastés, ce qui a permis de clarifier le comportement des espèces redox et des nutriments. De plus, les micro-distributions des foraminifères indiquent l'état d'instabilité versus stabilité des sédiments. Enfin, cette recherche doctorale ouvre de nouvelles perspectives dans l’utilisation des hautes résolutions spatiales en 2D/3D pour résoudre des problèmes d'écologie benthique complexes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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