1,720,959 research outputs found
Strategic crime intelligence analysis. The Belgian approach
No full textThe article is mainly aimed at explaining and highlighting some characteristic features of a strategic crime intelligence analysis. The paper concentrates also on issues such as definition and scope of a strategic intelligence analysis. The author draws the attention to the experience of Belgian police services in the field strategic intelligence analysis
Strategia oraz taktyka zapobiegania i zwalczania czynów zabronionych związanych z bezpieczeństwem meczu piłki nożnej jako problem polityki kryminalnej
No full textStrategy and tactics in preventing and countering football related crimes as a criminal policy issueThe paper is devoted to the problem of countering football related crimes in the context of criminological theories, including the so-called policy analysis. The author highlights the strategy that was used during the Euro 2012. The attention is paid to the various techniques, eg. friendly but firm, use of CCTV cameras, surveillance. The article shows the response of the Polish Police and other agencies to groups of football hooligans.Strategy and tactics in preventing and countering football related crimes as a criminal policy issueThe paper is devoted to the problem of countering football related crimes in the context of criminological theories, including the so-called policy analysis. The author highlights the strategy that was used during the Euro 2012. The attention is paid to the various techniques, eg. friendly but firm, use of CCTV cameras, surveillance. The article shows the response of the Polish Police and other agencies to groups of football hooligans
Case of J.Ż. in connection with insulting the President of the Republic of Poland. Commentary to the judgment of the Court of Appeal in Warsaw of 30 September 2022, II AKa 110/22
No full textPrzedmiotem glosy jest umorzenie postępowania karnego prowadzonego w sprawie znieważenia Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Autor zajął krytyczne stanowisko wobec wyroku Sądu Apelacyjnego w Warszawie z 30.09.2022 r., oceniając, że w komentowanym orzeczeniu doszło do zanegowania uprawnienia pokrzywdzonego do ochrony godności osobistej. Interpretacja art. 135 § 2 Kodeksu karnego w kontekście standardów konwencyjnych nie powinna bowiem prowadzić do uznania, że wolność wypowiedzi ma charakter absolutny i niczym nieograniczony.The subject of the commentary is the discontinuation of criminal proceedings conducted for insulting the President of the Republic of Poland. The author took a critical stance towards the judgment of the Court of Appeal in Warsaw of 30 September 2022, assessing that the commented judgment negated the injured party’s right to protection of personal dignity. Interpretation of Article 135 paragraph 2 of the Penal Code, in the context of the convention standards, should not lead to the conclusion that freedom of expression is absolute and unlimited
Analytical and informative activities in the Polish Legal Order
No full textAutor poddaje analizie pojęcie czynności analityczno-informacyjnych odnoszące się do klasycznej funkcji służb specjalnych – funkcji informacyjnej. Konstrukcja ta występuje na gruncie ustaw regulujących funkcjonowanie cywilnych i wojskowych służb specjalnych, przy czym brak definicji legalnej oraz blankietowy charakter tego pojęcia znacząco utrudnia proces wykładni. Artykuł zawiera próbę rekonstrukcji treści pojęcia czynności analityczno-informacyjnych na podstawie literatury przedmiotu i zasad wykładni.In the article the author took attempts to define the scope of analytical-information activities carried out by special services. This notion was not defined at binding legal regulations, particularly in the legacy acts refers to civil and military special services. This legacy was not also defined in any other act. Publication discusses the way of acquiring, processing and storing of intelligence. The article has been written also on the basis of the scientific literature concerning the activity of the intelligence services
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Special operation as a method of combating organized crime
No full textOperacje specjalne stanowią użyteczne narzędzie w zwalczaniu zaawansowanych
form przestępczości grupowej, takich jak przestępczość zorganizowana i terrorystyczna.
W literaturze przedmiotu podkreśla się trudności związane z badaniami tej sfery działań
służb policyjnych i specjalnych. Wynika to nie tylko z ustawowych rygorów dotyczących
informacji niejawnych, lecz także z mentalności i kultury organizacyjnej służb odpowiedzialnych
za bezpieczeństwo wewnętrzne państwa. Mimo tych ograniczeń, istnieją wystarczające
dane, aby spróbować opisać operację specjalną z teoretycznego punktu widzenia.
Artykuł przedstawia charakterystykę operacji specjalnej z punktu widzenia nauki,
jaką jest kryminalistyka. Przybliżono tu definicję oraz historyczne uwarunkowania
tej instytucji. Podkreślono, że elementy właściwe dla operacji specjalnej były obecne
w działaniach już pierwszych formacji policyjnych. W artykule przedstawiono operację
specjalną na tle czynności kryminalistycznych oraz zaprezentowano teoretyczną analizę
poszczególnych ogniw, które na nią się składają.Special operations are useful tool in combating advanced forms of organized crime,
like classical organized crime or terrorist activities. In the literature it is stressed that
there are many problems with the examination of law enforcement and special services’
activities. It is the result of both legal restrictions coming from the legislation on classified
information and the mentality and organizational culture of the services responsible
for the internal security of the state. Nevertheless there are sufficient data the special
operation could be described from the theoretical point of view.
The article provides characteristics of the special operation in the narrow view of
forensics. It explains the definition of a special operation and its historical background.
It stresses that features of special operations were present in the activities of the first police
forces. It also presents a special operation among forensic activities and theoretical
analysis of all the links constituting a special operation
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
PENAL LAW ASPECTS OF THE PROTECTION OF CULTURAL PROPERTY. REFLECTIONS AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF AN ALTERED LEGAL STATE
No full textDespite the fact that the legal aspects of the protection of historical monuments comprise a separate and interesting domain, they remain on the peripheries of Polish legal sciences. The presented sketch deals with assorted problems of the protection of historical monuments perceived from the perspective of penal law. Apparently, the implementation of the statute of 23 July 2003 on the protection of, and care for historical monuments constitutes a convenient pretext for a survey of penal law institutions. The “new” statute appears to be better than its predecessor, i. e. the statute on the protection of cultural property; the same holds true for its penal elements, and the clarity of legal language deserves particular attention. The copious article 3 of the statute, which contains as many as 15 legal definitions, should considerably facilitate the application of the regulations of this normative act which, after al,l is a basic source of the rights and duties of the owners of historical monuments.
An indubitable novelty is article 108 of the statute which re-introduces the misdemeanour of destroying or damaging a historical monument. It should be kept in mind that up to now the conservation services applied a legal foundation composed of article 288 paragraph 1 of the penal code, in connection with article 294 paragraph 3 of the penal code. The mentioned foundation of the charge produced numerous problems associated with its interpretation. After all, not every historical monument constitutes property of particular significance for culture. Moreover, penal cases concerning historical monuments are rather rarely encountered. The described construction was successfully applied in cases of the devastation of archaeological sites in the voivodeship of Warmia- Mazuria. A penal-legal analysis of the protection of cultural property should draw attention to the statutory symptoms of misdemeanours which occur in great numbers in the penal regulations of the statute. Taking into consideration the subjective criteria, the misdeeds are divided into two groups : the first encompasses regulations concerning everyone, and thus each person may become a subject of the misdemeanour, while the second deals only with the owners of historical objects. Essential significance is ascribed to the norms expressed in article 109 of the statute penalising the behaviour of the owner who has ignored securing the object. Finally, it is also worth indicating the executive regulations which define the manner of protecting the historical object.
The sociological premise of the effectiveness of the regulations is the legal awareness of the addressees of the norms. Unfortunately, the level of the legal culture of Polish society is far from desired. This question remains particularly topical within the realm of the protection of national heritage
- …
