1,720,953 research outputs found
Od Dniestru do Bosforu: wybrane funkcje krajobrazu w oczach polskich dyplomatów przy Imperium Osmańskim w pierwszej połowie XVII wieku
Get PDFThis article examines how early modern Polish diplomats perceived and interpreted the landscapes they crossed on their way to Constantinople. Drawing on travel diaries and diplomatic reports, it explores how natural and cultural space functioned not merely as a backdrop but as an active participant in diplomatic experience. The author distinguishes several key roles of the landscape: as a stage for ceremony, where hills, bridges, and borders became tools of symbolic hierarchy and political communication; as a witness to history, where terrain preserved the memory of past battles and deaths, including the 1621 Battle of Khotyn and the site of Hetman Żółkiewski’s fall, marked by his monument; as a realm of nature, alternately admired for its richness and feared for its wildness; and finally as a source of danger, where swollen rivers, treacherous Balkan passes, and even earthquakes threatened travelers.Artykuł analizuje, w jaki sposób wczesnonowożytni polscy dyplomaci postrzegali i interpretowali krajobrazy, które przemierzali w drodze do Konstantynopola. Opierając się na dziennikach podróży i raportach dyplomatycznych, autor ukazuje, że przestrzeń naturalna i kulturowa nie stanowiła jedynie tła, lecz była aktywnym uczestnikiem doświadczenia dyplomatycznego. Autor wyróżnia kilka kluczowych ról krajobrazu: jako sceny ceremonii, gdzie wzgórza, mosty i granice stawały się narzędziami symbolicznej hierarchii i komunikacji politycznej; jako świadka historii, w którym teren zachowywał pamięć dawnych bitew i śmierci — w tym bitwy chocimskiej z 1621 roku oraz miejsca śmierci hetmana Żółkiewskiego i jego pomnika; jako sfery natury, naprzemiennie podziwianej za jej bogactwo i budzącej lęk ze względu na dzikość; oraz wreszcie jako źródła zagrożenia, gdzie wezbrane rzeki, zdradliwe bałkańskie przełęcze, a nawet trzęsienia ziemi zagrażały podróżnym
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Rozdwojenie sejmiku wiszeńskiego w 1597 r.
Get PDFThe purpose of the article is an in-depth analysis of the causes and consequences of the 1597 split of the Sejmik of Vyshnia, with a focus on the political and social relations covering the territory of the former Ruthenian province and the main political actors of the events: Stanisław Stadnicki of Łańcut, Stanisław Żółkiewski and Jan Zamoyski. Despite the relatively abundant source material in the form of letters, protests and parliamentary journals, Jan Rzonca’s only serious attempt to study the subject fell far short, narrowing the topic of the breakdown of the sejmik to the area of its influence on the deliberations of the subsequent Sejm and the general condition of the state. The critical analysis of the surviving sources carried out in this article has made it possible to reconstruct the deliberations of the Vyshnia Sejmik to a large extent, to determine the exact causes of its breakup, and to link the events that took place at it with the political breakthrough that took place in the Ruthenia province at the end of 1597, in the form of a local alliance between Jan Zamoyski and Stanisław Stadnicki of Łańcut. Exploring the background of the above agreement and the reasons for its failure, on the other hand, allowed us to better understand Stadnicki’s motivations in the first years of the 17th century, during his private war with Zamoyski’s supporters: Jan Szczęsny Herburt and Jan Tomasz Drohojowski. In addition, the article attempts to unravel the problem of the participation of mercenary soldiers in the sejmik and to examine their actual influence on the deliberations. The theory, indiscriminately accepted until now, personally blaming Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski for the breakdown of the sejmik seems exaggerated, to say the least, completely ignoring the self-policing attitude of the mercenaries serving in the army and their rights as nobility to participate in the public life of the Republic.Celem artykułu jest pogłębiona analiza przyczyn i konsekwencji rozdwojenia sejmiku wiszeńskiego w 1597 r. z naciskiem na relacje polityczno-społeczne obejmujące teren dawnego województwa ruskiego oraz głównych politycznych aktorów zdarzeń: Stanisława Stadnickiego z Łańcuta, Stanisława Żółkiewskiego i Jana Zamoyskiego. Pomimo stosunkowo obfitego materiału źródłowego w postaci listów, protestacji i sejmowych diariuszy jedyna poważna próba zbadania tego tematu podjęta przez Jana Rzońcę okazała się dalece niewystarczająca, zawężając temat rozbicia sejmiku jedynie do obszaru wpływu na późniejsze obrady sejmu oraz ogólną kondycję państwa. Przeprowadzona w artykule krytyczna analiza zachowanych źródeł pozwoliła w dużym stopniu zrekonstruować obrady tytułowego sejmiku, ustalić dokładne przyczyny jego rozbicia oraz powiązać zaszłe na nim zdarzenia z politycznym przesileniem, do którego doszło w województwie ruskim pod koniec roku 1597 w postaci lokalnego sojuszu Jana Zamoyskiego ze Stanisławem Stadnickim z Łańcuta. Poznanie kulis zawarcia powyższego porozumienia oraz powodów jego fiaska pozwoliło natomiast lepiej zrozumieć mechanizmy funkcjonowania stronnictwa kanclerskiego pod koniec XVI w. i stanu, w jakim się wówczas znalazło. W artykule podjęta została ponadto próba rozwikłania problemu uczestnictwa w sejmiku żołnierzy kwarcianych/prywatnych oraz zbadania ich rzeczywistego wpływu na obrady sejmiku w Wiszni. Bezrefleksyjnie przyjmowana do tej pory teoria personalnie obarczająca winą za rozbicie sejmiku hetmana polnego Stanisława Żółkiewskiego wydaje się co najmniej przesadzona, zupełnie pomijając własnowolność służących w wojsku żołnierzy oraz przysługujące im jako szlachcie prawa do uczestnictwa w życiu publicznym Rzeczypospolitej
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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