1,720,961 research outputs found
The Effectiveness of Multiple Stress Management Intervention on the Level of Stress, and Coping Responses Among Iranian Students
No full textAbstractThis study examined the effects of multiple stress management intervention (MSMI) on coping responses, and stress symptoms among Iranian students. Sixty students with high scores for avoidance responses, stress and low scores for approach responses were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the experimental group or the control group. During the 8-week period, sixteen 2-hour session interventions were conducted for the experimental group. Both groups responded to a set of questionnaires before and after intervention. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) mixed design (group × measures) was conducted to determine the effect of the MSMI on the dependent variables. Significant differ ences were found between the two groups regarding the dependent measures. The multivariate η2 based on Wilks’ Λ was quite strong. To examine the durability (stability) of MSMI effectiveness, repeated measure analyses of variance were performed on the stress, and coping response variables. The results showed that the effects of MSMI are stable over time. These findings indicate that multiple stress management intervention has a positive effect on coping responses, and stress
The Effectiveness of Problem-solving on Coping Skills and Psychological Adjustment
No full textAbstractThis study aimed to examine the effects of the problem-solving to enhance effective coping skills and psychological adjustment among Iranian college students. The predictions of the present study were as follows: (a) Participants in a problem-solving program may perceive their problems to be resolved; (b) problem-solving training may increase active coping strategies; (c) after problem-solving training, scores on a psychological adjustment scale of participants in a problem-solving program may be increased. Eighty college students who reported low levels of approach coping responses and psychological adjustment were randomly allocated to either a problem-solving training group, or a non-training control group. Students in a problem-solving training group received problem-solving training for eight weeks. Their coping skills (approach and avoidance responses) and psychological adjustment evaluated on the first day and thirty days later in the program, were compared with those of a control group. The results showed that approach coping responses and psychological adjustment had increased after program for the training group. The results of this study suggest that self-appraised social problem solving ability is concerned with the way in which individuals perceive and cope with problems encountered in everyday life. These results may implicate for counseling and psychotherapy
The Examination of Reliability and Validity of Coping Responses Inventory Among Iranian Students
No full textAbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the CRI-adult among Iranian University students. 642 undergraduate students were randomly selected to respond two questionnaires. Participants were enrolled during the Fall semester 2011/2012.To computing the concurrent validity, the internal consistency coefficients and exploratory factor analyse s were employed. The results showed that the two factors (Approach and Avoidant Responses) were significantly related to the CRI general factor. These results supported theoretically that the construct of coping Responses inventory is psychometrically sound the model. Concurrent validity showed that the score of mental health and its factors such as bodily symptoms, anxiety, disorder in social function and depression correlated with scores of Approach and Avoidant factors. The Cronbach coefficient alpha values and test-retest correlations were significant (p < .001) for total scores’ CRI and its subscales. The results showed that the CRI is a reliable and valid measure of assessing coping responses in Iranian University student and it is suggested for examination the quality of coping responses among Iranian students
A Comparison of Type-A and Type-B Learners in the Perception of Stress Level and Use of Coping Responses in the Campus
No full textAbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine if there were differential approach and avoidance coping responses between Type-A and Type-B personality students when confronted with a stressful situation in the campus. Participants were Iranian undergraduate students who were divided into Type-A and Type-B groups of 75 students per group according to scores on the Type-A Behavior Inventory (TABI). The results for the ANOVA indicated a significant main effect for coping responses, a significant interaction type A/B behavior and coping responses, but the main effect for type A/B behavior not significant. A significant simple effect for Type A/B in avoidance coping responses was found. These results also showed approach coping responses were a better predictor than avoidance coping responses when predicting perceived stress of the students. The results of this study indicated Type-A's students who use avoidance coping responses perceive higher level of stress than others so, it is important that university teachers should be sensitive to the needs of diversity learners
Training Problem-Solving to Enhance Quality of Life: Implication towards Diverse Learners
No full textAbstractProblem-solving training has been used means of enhancing clients’ quality of life. Seventy-nine college students who reported low level of quality of life and mental health were randomly allocated to either a problem-solving a six weeks training group, or a non-training control group. Their quality of life and mental health evaluated on the first and last days of program were compared with those of a control group. The results showed that quality of life and mental health have been increased after program in problem-solving training group and was not observed changes in control group
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Effect of Communication Skills Training and Enrichment on Social Responsiveness and Social Communication Skills of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and their Parents
Get PDFBackground: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) threatens one’s socialization ability, and a lack of social skills can cause dysfunctions and mental health problems for adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the effect of communication skills training and enrichment on social responsiveness and social communication skills of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and their parents in Shiraz.
Methods: The study method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The statistical population comprised adolescents with ASD at clinics in Shiraz, Iran, in 2019. The sample was selected from adolescents who had been diagnosed with ASD by the Exceptional Education Organization of Fars Province, and the participants were randomly allocated to two experimental and control groups (n=20 per group). The research instruments included the Social Skills Improvement System Rating Scale and the Social Responsiveness Scale with the Autism Diagnostic Interview. Data were analyzed by descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariable analysis of covariance).
Results: The results showed that the communication skills training and enrichment program did not significantly affect the parents’ social responsiveness or the adolescents’ social communication skills. However, a significant difference was found between the experimental and control groups in terms of parents’ social communication skills (Pvalue= 0.007).
Conclusions: Based on research results it can be hence concluded that communication skills training and enrichment can be used to improve social communication skills in parents of adolescents with an autism spectrum disorder.
Keywords: Autism, Social responsibility, Communication skills, Adolescent
Structural model of life satisfaction based on personality traits with the mediating role of emotion regulation in paramedical students
Get PDFIntroduction: Experiencing happiness and life satisfaction is the ultimate goal of human beings in life. The aim of this study was to investigate structural model of life satisfaction based on personality traits with the mediating role of emotion regulation in paramedical students
Methods: The statistical population of the study included all students of the paramedical school of Shiraz, from which 486 people were selected by convenient sampling methods. Neo, Life Satisfaction and Emotion regulation Questionnaires were used to collect research data. The evaluation of the proposed model was done through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SPSS software (version 18) and AMOS (version 18). Bootstrap method was used to test the indirect effects in the proposed model.
Results: The results showed that the proposed model has a relatively good fitness with the data. Better fit was achieved by eliminating two non-significant paths.
Conclusion: According to the research results, emotion regulation has a mediating role in relation to personality traits and life satisfaction, so it may be possible to include management and emotion regulation training programs to increase life satisfaction among social prevention programs
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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