1,205 research outputs found
Soil organic matter and soil physicochemical properties associated with forest fires in central Taiwan.
No full text
Author Correction: New perspectives on Neanderthal dispersal and turnover from Stajnia Cave (Poland)
Get PDFThe Author contributions section now reads:“W.N., A.N. and S.T. designed research; A.P., M.H., W.N., S.B., M.U., A.M., H.F., M.D.B., P.S., K.S., M.Ż., A.W., A.N. and S.T. performed research; A.P., M.H., W.N., S.B., M.U., A.M., H.F., M.D.B., P.S., K.S., M.Ż., A.W., A.N. and S.T. analysed data; A.P., M.H., S.T., W.N. and S.B. wrote the paper with the collaboration of all the co-authors.
Author Correction:A 41,500 year-old decorated ivory pendant from Stajnia Cave (Poland)
No full textCorrection to: Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01221-6, published online 25 November 2021The original version of this Article contained errors in the author list where Marjolein D. Bosch was omitted from the author list, and Mikołaj Urbanowski was incorrectly listed as an author of the original Article, and has subsequently been removed.The Author contributions section now reads:“S.T. W.N. and A.N. conceived the project; S.T., W.N., A.P., M.B., S.C., M.D., H.F., A.M., M.D. B., D.P., M.P.R., C.M.R., V.S-M., G.M.S., P.S., M.S., K.S., A.V., F.W., H.W., A.W., M.Z., S.B., A.N., J-J. H., performed research; S.T., A.P., W.N., M.B., M.D.B., S.C., M.D., H.F., A.M., D.P., M.P.R., C.M.R., V.S-M., G.M.S., P.S., M.S., K.S., A.V., F.W., H.W., A.W., M.Z., S.B., A.N., J-J. H. analysed all archaeological data; S.T. and A.P. wrote the paper with the collaboration of all the co-authors.”The original Article and its accompanying Supplementary Information file have been corrected
Lovecraft and Religion
No full textThe article was originally published as a chapter in S.T. Joshi’s book Lovecraft and a World in Transition: Collected Essays on H. P. Lovecraft (New York: Hippocampus Press 2014, pp. 187-195). The presented version was kindly provided to „Creatio Fantastica” by the Author without any copyright fee and translated into Polish by Magdalena Wąsowicz
Growing dust grains in protoplanetary discs - I. radial drift with toy growth models
No full textSTM acknowledges the support of a Swinburne Special Studies Program. GL is grateful to the Australian Research Council for funding via Discovery project grant DP1094585 and acknowledges funding from the European Research Council for the FP7 ERC advanced grant project ECOGAL. JFG's research was conducted within the Lyon Institute of Origins under grant ANR-10-LABX-66.In a series of papers, we present a comprehensive analytic study of the global motion of growing dust grains in protoplanetary discs, addressing both the radial drift and the vertical settling of the particles. Here we study how the radial drift of dust particles is affected by grain growth. In a first step, toy models in which grain growth can either be constant, accelerate or decelerate are introduced. The equations of motion are analytically integrable and therefore the grains dynamics is easy to understand. The radial motion of growing grains is governed by the relative efficiency of the growth and migration processes which is expressed by the dimensionless parameter Λ, as well as the exponents for the gas surface density and temperature profiles, denoted by p and q, respectively. When Λ is of the order of unity, growth and migration are strongly coupled, providing the most efficient radial drift. For the toy models considered, grains pile up when -p + q + 1/2 > 0. Importantly, we show the existence of a second process which can help discs to retain their solid materials. For accelerating growth, grains end up their migration at a finite radius, thus avoiding being accreted on to the central star.Peer reviewe
Experimental research on the effects of surface screens on a mobile bed
No full textIn 2000 the Dutch government chose a new point of view for the Dutch rivers: “Room for the River”. This viewpoint is the basis for a new approach of high water protection in the Netherlands. Instead of strengthening and raising the dikes, solutions must be based on space and spatial quality. One of the suggested measures is the addition of secondary channels. The purpose of these channels is enlarging the conveyance area and the ecological role of the river. Maintaining the profile of these channels involves substantial financial consequences. Finding a sustainable solution for undesired erosion or sedimentation is the main focus of this study. The research question is stated as follows: “How can the undesired erosion or sedimentation in secondary channels be corrected with a temporary but sustainable solution in the form of surface screens?”. The main part of this study is an experimental study on the effects of surface screens on a mobile bed. The design of the physical experiments requires choices about the geometry of the flume. The experiments were carried out with a straight flume and with a dividing wall. Preparing the experiments requires information about the flume facility. The experiments have been carried out in the Environmental Fluid Mechanics Laboratory of DUT. The upstream boundary conditions are discharge and velocity distribution. The downstream boundary condition consisted of a fixed water level. The water level was kept constant along the natural slope of the surface. The experiments consist of taking velocity and bed level. The angle of attack and the penetration depth were chosen to be variable. The angle of attack was varied between 15 and 25 degrees. With these relatively small angles the screen acts as guidance for the flow, instead of an obstruction. The penetration depth was varied between 20% and 60% of the water column. The initial test run determined the optimal measurement duration and the initial equilibrium. Four representative cases have been described in detail, giving support to the general conclusions. The flow pattern changes under influence of the surface screen. The main flow direction is guided by the screen, introducing a transverse velocity at the surface. As flow continuity in the flume has to be maintained, the water near the bottom is forced to have a transverse velocity in opposite direction. Redistribution of the suspended transport and the bottom transport was induced. This generated locations were the actual transport did not meet the transport capacity, which gives rise to morphological changes. Next to the spiral motion the screen had an effect on the longitudinal flow velocities. The attacked side of the flume experiences a higher velocity, thereby having a higher transport capacity. This higher capacity gives rise to local erosion of the bed. At the unattacked side, sedimentation occurs, thereby rising the bed level. In the B-series of the experiment a dividing wall was added. The screen in front of the bifurcation gave rise to the same two processes, but the wall introduced an extra effect. The screen influenced the bifurcation relationship. The bed level adapted to the new conditions. The upstream effect of the bifurcation is explained by changes in water level topography, thereby influencing the backwater curve. In general the wall amplified the morphological development of the bed. Finally some suggestions have been made for the practical application of surface screens. In general the screens can be applied in a (secondary) channel or in front of a bifurcation. The use of a screen inside a channel has an advantage not to interfere with the navigation channel. The advantage of a screen in front of a bifurcation is influencing two channels simultaneously. One of the main disadvantages of the latter is the possibility of disturbing the delicate bifurcation relationship. When carefully implemented this effect can simultaneously be the main advantage of this screen layout, as the morphological response increases.Hydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Pedagogical ideas of S.T. Shatsky
No full textU radu se prate osnovne pedagoške ideje poznatog ruskog i sovjetskog društvenog radnika i pedagoga S. T. Šackog. Članak polazi od osnovnih informacija njegove biografije, neprekidno povezane sa radom u prosveti i razmišljanjima o vaspitanju, prikazujući ih kao podlogu razvoja njegovih pedagoških ideja. Dalji tekst kratko iznosi njegove osnovne ideje u tematskim celinama o kritici škole, cilju vaspitanja, škole budućnosti, predškolskom i vanškolskom vaspitanju, didaktičkim shvatanjima, položaju deteta u vaspitnom procesu, radu učitelja i mestu škole u društvenoj sredini. Rad pokušava da dovede u vezu shvatanja Šackog sa savremenim pogledima na iste probleme. U tekstu se, takođe, može uočiti nekoliko tema za razmišljanje koje su naročito izdvojene u zaključnom delu članka: trajnost pitanja o vaspitanju, odnosno pedagoških problema, mogućnosti ostvarivanja ideja o promeni škole kao institucije vaspitnog sistema, odnos rada u prosveti i društvenog angažovanja.The author discusses the pedagogical ides of a well known Russian and Soviet social worker and pedagogue S.T. Shatsky. The report starts with the basic information from his biography, always in connection with his work in education and his contemplation on education, showing them as a background for the development of his pedagogical ideas. It proceeds by' an account on hid ideas in themes on criticism of school, the objective of education of the school of future, pre school and out of school education, didactic ideas, the position of child in the process of education, the work of the teacher and the place of school in the social milieu. The author attempts to bring together Shatsky's ideas and the modern attitudes to the same problems. The text also offers a number of topics for discussion, especially dealt with in the closing part: the duration of the issue of education, i.e. pedagogical problems, the possibility' of realization of the ideas on the change of school as a institution of education system, the relation of work in education and social engagement
An independent determination of Fomalhaut b's orbit and the dynamical effects on the outer dust belt
Get PDFThe nearby star Fomalhaut harbours a cold, moderately eccentric dust belt with a sharp inner edge near 133 au. A low-mass, common proper motion companion (Fom b), was discovered near the inner edge and was identified as a planet candidate that could account for the belt morphology. However, the most recent orbit determination based on four epochs of astrometry over eight years reveals a highly eccentric orbit that appears to cross the belt in the sky plane projection. We perform here a full orbital determination based on the available astrometric data to independently validate the orbit estimates previously presented. Adopting our values for the orbital elements and their associated uncertainties, we then study the dynamical interaction between the planet and the dust ring, to check whether the proposed disk sculpting scenario by Fom b is plausible. We used a dedicated MCMC code to derive the statistical distributions of the orbital elements of Fom b. Then we used symplectic N-body integration to investigate the dynamics of the dust belt, as perturbed by a single planet. Different attempts were made assuming different masses for Fom b. We also performed a semi-analytical study to explain our results. Our results are in good agreement with others regarding the orbit of Fom b. We find that the orbit is highly eccentric, is close to apsidally aligned with the belt, and has a moderate mutual inclination relative to the belt plane of. If coplanar, this orbit crosses the disk. Our dynamical study then reveals that the observed planet could sculpt a transient belt configuration with a similar eccentricity to what is observed, but it would not be simultaneously apsidally aligned with the planet. This transient configuration only occurs a short time after the planet is placed on such an orbit (assuming an initially circular disk), a time that is inversely proportional to the planet's mass, and that is in any case much less than the 440 Myr age of the star. We constrain how long the observed dust belt could have survived with Fom b on its current orbit, as a function of its possible mass. This analysis leads us to conclude that Fom b is likely to have low mass, that it is unlikely to be responsible for the sculpting of the belt, and that it supports the hypothesis of a more massive, less eccentric planet companion Fom c
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