1,720,984 research outputs found
Children's Perception of Violence: A Thematic Analysis of Student Essays
No full textExposure to violence which affects approximately three out of every five children in America is clearly a threat to the health and well-being of society. Previous research on youth exposure to violence has focused primarily on the implications for victims or the treatment of the offenders. While some research has concentrated on the lived experience of the children who are subjected to violence, it has generally been defined within a specific domain such as domestic violence or bullying. By understanding children’s perspective on the violence experienced within their everyday life, professionals can design comprehensive prevention and intervention programs that better target children who have been exposed to violence. Using the secondary data available from the “Do the Write Thing” (DtWT) Challenge, this research project explored significant issues of violence as experienced and perceived by children in 13 middle schools from 9 districts in Region V of Texas. The DtWT Challenge is an initiative of the National Campaign to Stop Violence in which participating students engage in classroom discussions about violence and then write essays addressing the issues. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze significant issues that are related to exposure to violence after controlling for demographic differences. Qualitative data in the form of the submitted written essays were coded, and categorized to identify major themes of how children describe their experience of violence and assign meaning to violence. Results indicate that students wrote more about bullying than other forms of violence, and they more likely identified their role as a witness than victim or perpetrator. Protective factors were described proportionally more by students in schools identified as Economically Disadvantaged or Minority Schools. Several themes within three domains (cognitive, social, and moral) arose including defining violence in terms of bullying, violence as a universal experience, and complex emotions related to violence.Social Work, Graduate College o
Dementia-Friendly Communities and Business Engagement: Navigating Stigma, Building Inclusive Environments, and Advancing Social Work Interventions for Older Adults with Dementia
No full textAs global populations age and dementia prevalence accelerate at an unprecedented rate, the responsibility for fostering inclusive and supportive environments for people living with dementia (PWD) must extend beyond the healthcare system to include businesses and community institutions as essential partners. In this shifting paradigm, the field of social work is uniquely positioned to lead equity-driven efforts that ensure these everyday settings uphold the dignity, autonomy, and right to age in place for PWD, while promoting their full social inclusion. This study investigated the experiential and psychological factors influencing dementia awareness and dementia-friendly behaviors among staff in community-based businesses designated as dementia-friendly. Grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Person-Centered Dementia Care (PCDC) framework, the research makes a novel theoretical and empirical contribution by extending both models into non-clinical, community-oriented environments. Data were collected from 492 employees and volunteers across dementia-friendly businesses in the United States using a 34-item awareness scale encompassing six domains: knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, social norms, intentions, and self-reported behaviors. Three aims guided the analysis: (1) to examine the impact of training mode and time since training on dementia awareness; (2) to evaluate how the type and duration of prior dementia exposure influence dementia awareness levels; and (3) to assess the predictive utility of TPB constructs -- attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC), in shaping intention and behavior toward PWD. Results showed that participants trained over one year prior demonstrated significantly higher awareness than those more recently trained, challenging assumptions about knowledge decay and underscoring the importance of experiential reinforcement. A robust dose-response relationship also emerged between dementia exposure and awareness, with the highest scores reported among those with both personal and professional experience. Regression analyses confirmed that subjective norms and PBC, rather than attitudes, significantly predicted intention, and that both intention and PBC were strong predictors of behavior. These findings carry important implications for workforce development, social work leadership, and dementia-friendly policy and infrastructure. The study advocates a shift from episodic informational sessions to sustained, relational, and contextually embedded training models. By operationalizing TPB and PCDC within community-based business settings, this research advances the dementia-friendly movement and initiates a scholarly dialogue around recognition and practice standards in non-clinical business environments. Future research should adopt longitudinal and equity-oriented designs to further examine disparities in awareness and build upon the theoretical foundations presented here. As one of the first studies to investigate dementia-friendly behaviors among staff in U.S. businesses designated as dementia-friendly, this work positions everyday community spaces as critical platforms for advancing cognitive inclusion, social accountability, and the well-being of aging populations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Long-Term Care Service Utilization Among Low-Income Older Adults
Full text linkThe University Archives has determined that this item is of continuing value to OSU's history.Presenter: Monit Cheung, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, School of Social Work, University of Iowa - "Long-Term Care Service Utilization Among Low-Income Older Adults".The Ohio State University College of Social Wor
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Exploring the Dual Role of Communicators in Relationship Management in the Context of Charitable Organizations
No full textRelationship management is a key topic in public relations, and it is also an essential factor for the success of charitable organizations. This study explored interpersonal communication strategies in relationship management when communicators played dual roles in the context of charitable organizations in the Greater Houston Area. The investigator interviewed 13 professionals currently working in nonprofits, analyzed interview transcripts, and illustrated many interesting findings, such as contextual factors of relationship management in this study, antecedent factors of organizational citizenship behaviors, convergence of internal and external communication strategies, and the role conversion of key publics. Major interpersonal strategies were useful for nonprofits in relationship management with key publics, because they were emphasized by many professionals in nonprofits. This study not only filled many research gaps but also resulted in many important theoretical and practical implications for relationship management in nonprofits.Communication, Jack J. Valenti School o
IDENTIFYING THE LEGACY IN PATIENTS WITH CO-OCCURRING DISORDERS AND EXAMINING CHANGES IN LIFE SATISFACTION AND SELF-EFFICACY
No full textRoughly 50 percent of individuals diagnosed with severe mental disorders are affected by substance abuse, with 29 percent abusing alcohol or drugs. Social isolation, discrimination, physical illness, and financial worries place adults at risk for addiction and mental illness, and interventions focused on legacy with adults with co-occurring disorders may help to alleviate these concerns. The word legacy as related to this study means a set of past glories and memories that can be explicitly passed to a person’s next generations including genetics, materials, values, culture, and life stories. Published literature on legacy of adults with co-occurring disorders is nonexistent. The purpose of this study was to uncover the legacy adults with co-occurring disorders possess to manage life stresses. A framework utilizing existential, gestalt, and narrative theory will serve to discuss the theoretical importance of legacy. An experimental study was conducted to test a Legacy intervention’s impact on life satisfaction and self-efficacy. Seventy patients with co-occurring disorders were randomly selected into two groups: ordinary partial hospital program (PHP) intervention or Legacy intervention (which combines PHP with Legacy intervention). Both interventions included 10 sessions over 5 weeks and were offered for three cohorts (about 10-15 patients each). The outcome measures included: sense of legacy, life satisfaction and self-efficacy. The legacy definition for the intervention subsample was consistent with existing literature; however, several unique themes were also identified within this population. Life satisfaction and self-efficacy scores increased overtime and were statistically significant within the experimental group; however, not significantly different statistically when compared to the control group changes over time.Social Work, Graduate College o
Switching between Two Languages: Influences on Personality Adjustment and Acculturation among Nonnative English Speakers from Mainland China
No full textResearch shows that individuals who speak English as a second language (ESL) adjust personality as a function of their ESL competence. A mixed-method design was used to examine whether Nonnative English speaking (NNES) Chinese individuals' well-being and acculturation can be influenced by their ESL competence and personality adjustment. Quantitatively, 223 valid surveys were collected from consented NNES individuals from Mainland China residing in Houston, Texas. Qualitatively, 30 participants from the pool of survey completers were interviewed using a phenomenological approach. With quantitative data support, "ESL-Self" was created as a construct to represent four groups of NNES categorized in terms of Awareness of Personality Adjustment (APA) and ESL competence (Group 1: Without APA and low ESL competence; Group 2: Without APA and high ESL competence; Group 3: With APA and low ESL competence; Group 4: With APA and high ESL competence). Further supported by qualitative data, these four ESL-Self groups were characterized as Separator, Learner, Worrier, and Integrator. MANOVA and multinomial regression results indicated significant overall acculturation differences among these four groups. Subjects who are younger, have positive acculturation, and have been in the U.S. longer are more likely to be classified as Integrator. Three types of language switching patterns were emerged as related to culture, peers, and stigma. Four themes were discovered to describe the personality adjustment process: no personality adjustment, personality regression, personality authenticity, and personality cultural adaptation. The implications were discussed with an emphasis on social work involvement in assessing ESL clients' needs and language competence.Social Work, Graduate College o
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