1,721,031 research outputs found
The Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the Search for a Universal Framework of Protection for Internally Displaced Persons
No full textReadmission Agreement
No full textThis Concise Encyclopedia provides a comprehensive overview of the rapidly developing field of migration and asylum law. It brings clarity on key terms and critical notions, while challenging misconceptions in this highly politicized sphere.Bringing together a diverse array of leading and emerging scholars and practitioners from across six continents, this Encyclopedia examines a broad range of topics and perspectives, such as diasporas, border control, racism and the human rights of migrants. Each entry offers a clear and concise summary of existing and contemporary knowledge, identifies important gaps in the field and outlines new directions for cutting-edge research. Carefully curated, this Encyclopedia scrutinizes well-known terms of art, including naturalization, non-refoulement, remittances and resettlement as well as addressing intersecting topics like civil society, climate change, migration governance and digital technology.Students, scholars and researchers interested in migration and asylum will greatly benefit from this Concise Encyclopedia. It is also a vital reference for practitioners and policy makers.Key Features:● A pioneering Encyclopedia highlighting key topics of the field and recent developments● Over 100 entries written by leading scholars and practitioners from the six continents● Comprehensive coverage of the critical notions and terms of art associated with migration and asylum● Broad variety of themes and perspective
Statelessness
No full textStatelessness is the status of those people who are not legally recognized as nationals of any state. Statelessness first emerged as an international concern with the reordering of the international state system following the First World War, and gained greater attention following the Second World War. The United Nations adopted specific treaties on the protection of stateless persons and on the reduction of statelessness, as well as including the right to a nationality within the major human rights conventions. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has taken up its mandate for stateless persons with increasing seriousness in the twenty-first century. Outstanding challenges relate to the definition of stateless person – and the consequent difficulty of assessing the number of stateless persons, statelessness created by arbitrary deprivation and denial of nationality, and discrimination in access to nationality on the grounds of race, ethnicity, or religion
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Private Sector
No full textReliance on corporate and financial non-state actors in the context of migration has accelerated over the last three decades. The involvement of these actors can, under certain circumstances, bring advantages in terms of providing rapid and reliable access to private funds and professional services. It can, however, also pose crucial challenges in terms of ascertaining legal responsibility when such actors cause or contribute to human rights abuses. Their interests can also influence the framing of irregular migration as a security threat, intensifying borders securitization and militarization. The emerging involvement of financial actors in resourcing humanitarian responses to large-scale refugee movements also has potential opportunities and challenges which are further examined in this entry, not least in shaping the future conceptualization and implementation of international protection
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Forced Labour and Slavery
No full textDespite the prohibition of forced labour and slavery under international law as a jus cogens norm, most recent estimates indicate that some 50 million people worldwide are trapped today in some form of modern slavery. This problem affects all corners of the world with certain groups being particularly vulnerable. Migrants, in particular those with unsettled status, and those working in the informal economy are at a heightened risk of acute exploitation and facing a number of challenges in contemporary migration and labour environments. The private sector, where the majority of forced labour is taking place, is an important stakeholder in addressing modern slavery, which has led in recent years to an increasing number of jurisdictions passing legislation to regulate private entities’ operations and supply chains. To achieve sustainable development for all and root out forced labour and slavery, an integrated human rights, criminal law and wide-ranging policy approach is needed
'Objective 13: Use Migration Detention Only as a Measure of Last Resort and Work towards Alternatives’
Get PDFThe Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) is a complex, non-binding
instrument. It reflects, refracts, and potentially transforms binding international standards.1 The GCM
is a framework for international cooperation, setting aspirational goals rather than prescriptive
standards. Nonetheless, it must be read in light of binding international law
L'action des forces navales europeennes pour la prevention et la gestion des crises et des conflits en periode post-guerre froide. [The European naval forces and conflicts/crises management in the post-cold war era]
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