1,721,014 research outputs found
Dataset of "Beet chlorosis virus infection mitigates aphid-induced plant defenses and improves plant acceptability to aphid vectors"
No full textDataset from the article by T. Armand, S. Boissinot, A. Maia-Grondard, P. Hugueney, V. Brault, and Q. Chesnais entitled "Beet chlorosis virus infection mitigates aphid-induced plant defenses and improves plant acceptability to aphid vectors" from CASDAR project (grant number C-2019-01).
In this study, we demonstrate that BChV infection suppresses sugar beet defenses induced by aphid pre-infestation, enhancing plant acceptability for aphids. Specifically, gene expression analyses revealed a downregulation of the aphid-induced ethylene pathway in infected plants, along with alterations in the salicylic acid pathway that may benefit aphids. Metabolic profiling highlighted reduced levels of phenolic acids, including cinnamic and coumaric acids, in virus-infected plants which likely contribute to increased plant acceptability by aphids
Meta-analysis data to the publication "Meta-analysis reveals strong evidence for adaptive host and vector manipulation by plant viruses"
No full textThis dataset provides the meta-analysis database (1 file), the meta-analysis R code (1 file) and the metadata from the article by Chesnais Q., Bahlai C.A., Peace A., Crowder D.W., Bosque-Pérez N.A., and Mauck K.E. entitled "Meta-analysis reveals strong evidence for adaptive host and vector manipulation by plant viruses".
We used meta-analysis to combine data from 215 studies to quantify convergence in virus effects on host plants that influence vector orientation behavior, feeding behavior, and performance. We compared effects across taxonomic groups of viruses that share transmission mechanism traits and thereby benefit from inducing changes in host plants that stimulate similar sequences of vector behavior and similar effects on vector performance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Intégration de la Cameline au sein des agro-écosystèmes : des relations multi-trophiques complexes
No full textCamelina (Camelina sativa, Brassicaceae) has recently received great attention as an alternative oil-seed crop presenting various (bioenergetic, industrial, alimentary) advantages, requiring low agronomic inputs and exhibiting few attacks by phytophagous insects.In this thesis, three objectives have been defined to understand the complexity of the multi-trophic interactions involving camelina. The first one was to determine the role of camelina as a reservoir of aphid pests. The other two were based on the study of the effects of cultural practices (nitrogen fertilization, mixed crops) and plant viruses on the tritrophic interactions involving camelina, aphids and parasitoids.Results have shown that camelina could be considered as a plant reservoir for various aphid pest species occurring in the agricultural landscape of northern France, among which were found not only species usually restricted to Brassicaceae (Brevicoryne brassicae), but also polyphagous species (Myzus persicae, Aphis fabae) and specialists of Poaceae (Rhopalosiphum padi). Regarding the two studied agricultural practices, the association of camelina with faba bean induced deleterious effects on the biological control of the aphid Aphis fabae by the parasitoid Aphidius matricariae. The behavior of parasitoid females did not seem in line with the "optimal foraging" theory. In addition, several effects of nitrogen fertilization have been observed on the three trophic levels depending on both the dose given to the plant and the degree of specialization of the aphid. Thus, our study has shown that cultural practices could have significant "bottom-up" impacts on higher trophic levels. Finally, we have shown the two studied plant viruses had an impact which not only varied depending on the virus mode of transmission by the vector but also according to its transmission efficiency. This work also revealed the existence of "bottom-up" effects of a virus on the host selection behavior by an aphid parasitoid as well as on the physiology of the partners belonging to three trophic levels. Indeed, the performance of the aphid vector was improved on the infected plant whereas that of the parasitoid was impaired, which could lead to a better spread of the virus.This work highlights not only the importance of taking into account the associated multi-trophic relations before the (re-) introduction of a plant species within agro-ecosystems but also the importance of identifying the risks in terms of pests and pathogens pressureLa cameline, Camelina sativa (Brassicaceae), fait aujourd'hui l'objet d'un regain d'intérêt. Il s'agit d'une plante aux vocations multiples (bioénergétique, industrielle, alimentaire), aux exigences agronomiques faibles et qui semble peu sujette aux attaques de ravageurs phytophages.Trois objectifs visant à appréhender la complexité des interactions multitrophiques autour de la cameline ont été définis au cours de ce travail de thèse. Le premier visait à déterminer le rôle de la cameline en tant que réservoir à pucerons ravageurs. Les deux autres reposaient sur les études des impacts des pratiques culturales (fertilisation azotée, culture en association) et des virus de plantes, sur les interactions tritrophiques cameline/pucerons/parasitoïdes. Les premiers résultats ont permis de montrer que la cameline pouvait être considérée comme plante réservoir pour différentes espèces de pucerons ravageurs présents dans les paysages agricoles du nord de la France, qu'il s'agisse d'espèces inféodées aux Brassicaceae (Brevicoryne brassicae), d'espèces polyphages (Myzus persicae, Aphis fabae) ou encore d'espèces spécialistes des Poaceae (Rhopalosiphum padi). En ce qui concerne les deux pratiques culturales étudiées, l'association de la cameline avec la fèverole a engendré des effets délétères sur le contrôle biologique du puceron Aphis fabae par le parasitoïde Aphidius matricariae. Le comportement des femelles A. matricariae ne semble pas satisfaire à la théorie de "l’optimal foraging". En parallèle, des effets de la fertilisation azotée ont été observés sur les trois niveaux trophiques et ont varié en fonction de la dose apportée à la plante et du degré de spécialisation du puceron. Ainsi, notre étude montre que les pratiques culturales peuvent avoir des répercussions importantes de type "bottom-up" sur les niveaux trophiques supérieurs. Enfin, nous avons montré un impact des deux virus de plantes étudiés qui s'est révélé variable non seulement en fonction du mode mais aussi de l'efficacité de la transmission par le puceron-vecteur. Ce dernier travail a également permis de mettre en évidence des effets "bottom-up" d'un virus sur le comportement de sélection de l'hôte par un parasitoïde de puceron mais aussi sur la physiologie des partenaires appartenant aux trois niveaux trophiques. En effet, les performances du puceron-vecteur sur la plante infectée semblent améliorées alors que celles du parasitoïde sont altérées, ce qui pourrait se traduire par une meilleure propagation du virus. Ces travaux soulignent l'importance de la prise en compte des relations multitrophiques avant la (ré-) introduction d’une espèce de plante dans les agro-écosystèmes, et en particulier l'intérêt d'identifier les risques associés en termes de pression de ravageurs et de pathogène
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