53,220 research outputs found
Keratinocyte-derived circulating microRNAs in extracellular vesicles: a novel biomarker of psoriasis severity and potential therapeutic target
No full textBackground: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by pathogenic hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and immune dysregulation. Currently, objective evaluation tools reflecting the severity of psoriasis are insufficient. MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles (EV miRNAs) have been shown to be potential biomarkers for various inflammatory diseases. Our objective was to investigate the possibility of plasma-derived EV miRNAs as a marker for the psoriasis disease severity. Methods: EVs were extracted from the plasma of 63 patients with psoriasis and 12 with Behçet’s disease. We performed next-generation sequencing of the plasma-derived EV miRNAs from the psoriasis patients. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the level of EV miRNA expression. In situ hybridization was used to discern the anatomical location of miRNAs. qRT-PCR, western blotting, and cell counting kits (CCKs) were used to investigate IGF-1 signaling in cells transfected with miRNA mimics. Results: We identified 19 differentially expressed EV miRNAs and validated the top three up-and down-regulated EV miRNAs. Among these, miR-625-3p was significantly increased in patients with severe psoriasis in both plasma and skin and most accurately distinguished moderate-to-severe psoriasis from mild-to-moderate psoriasis. It was produced and secreted by keratinocytes upon stimulation. We also observed a significant intensification of IGF-1 signalling and increased cell numbers in the miR-625-3p mimic transfected cells. Conclusions: We propose keratinocyte-derived EV miR-625-3p as a novel and reliable biomarker for estimating the severity of psoriasis. This biomarker could objectively evaluate the severity of psoriasis in the clinical setting and might serve as a potential therapeutic target. Trial registration None
Traumatic identity and aura in David Lodge's "Author, author"
No full textEste artículo analiza la novela Author, Author (2004) de David Lodge como ejemplo de bioficción neo-victoriana centrada en una celebridad, en este caso concreto, Henry James. El género forma parte del renacimiento Victoriano actual que afecta a los estudios culturales en su conjunto. Mi argumento central es que la novela de Lodge constituye una respuesta a las ansiedades culturales actuales, en particular a las que se refieren a la crisis identitaria y autoría literaria, así como a la pérdida del aura artística de Walter Benjamin, sublimándolas a través de los traumas de finales del siglo XIX. La elección de James, como demuestra el artículo, no es casual. Es el último representante de un mundo perdido en el que el aura aún tenía un espacio; el ser humano en crisis y traumatizado porque no encaja en un status quo nuevo.This paper delves into David Lodge’s Author, Author (2004) as an example of neo-Victorian celebrity biofiction, more concretely on Henry James. The genre belongs to the wave of Victorian revival in current literature which also affects cultural studies in general. My main contention is that Lodge’s novel responds to current cultural anxieties, particularly the crisis of identity and authorship and the end of Walter Benjamin’s concept of aura, by sublimating them into late-nineteenth-century traumata. The choice of James is, the article argues, not casual. He represents the redeeming figure of a lost auratic world; the human in crisis, traumatized because he does not fit in the new status quo
Die Geschichtlichkeit des Menschen und die Geschichte des Seins
No full textIn der vorliegenden Arbeit untersucht Cheong, wie Heidegger von der Seinsfrage her auf die Frage nach der Geschichtlichkeit des Menschen und der Geschichte des Seins antwortet.Geschichte und Geschichtlichkeit werden von Heidegger stets im Zusammenhang mit der Seinsfrage und somit mit der Zeitfrage gedacht. Wenn so sein geschichtliches Denken einen inneren Zusammenhang mit der Frage nach dem Sein und der Zeit hat, ist es unumgänglich, die Geschichtlichkeit des Menschen und die Geschichte des Seins von der Seins- und Zeitfrage her zu fassen. Dies gilt sowohl für sein frühes Denken in der transzendental-ontologischen Blickbahn wie auch für sein späteres Denken, das sich in der seinsgeschichtlich-ereignishaften Blickbahn entfaltet
Identifying author-inventors from Spain: methods and a first insight into results
No full textThe aim of this paper is to describe a matching and disambiguation methodology for the identification of author-inventors located in the same country. It aims to maximize precision and recall rates by taking into account national name writing customs in the name matching stage and by including a recursive validation step in the person disambiguation stage. An application to the identification of Spanish author-inventors is described in detail, where all SCOPUS 2003-2008 publications of Spanish authors are matched to all 1978-2009 EPO applications with Spanish inventors. Using this data, we identify 4,194 Spanish author-inventors. A first look at their patenting and publication patterns reveal that Spanish author-inventors make quite a significant contribution to the overall country’s scientific and technological production in the time periods considered: 27% of all EPO patent applications invented in Spain and 15% of all SCOPUS scientific articles authored in Spain, with important differences across fields and excluding journals in non-technologically relevant fields.Peer reviewe
¿Qué es el plagio?
No full textEl plagio es tomar un fragmento de una obra artística o intelectual ajena y hacerlo pasar como propio, sin la debida acreditación del autor.Plagiarism is taking a fragment of another's artistic or intellectual work and passing it off as one's own, without due accreditation of the author
Microbial larvicide application by a large-scale, community-based program reduces malaria infection prevalence in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
No full textBACKGROUND\ud
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Malaria control in Africa is most tractable in urban settlements yet most research has focused on rural settings. Elimination of malaria transmission from urban areas may require larval control strategies that complement adult mosquito control using insecticide-treated nets or houses, particularly where vectors feed outdoors.\ud
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METHODS AND FINDINGS\ud
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Microbial larvicide (Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti)) was applied weekly through programmatic, non-randomized community-based, but vertically managed, delivery systems in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Continuous, randomized cluster sampling of malaria infection prevalence and non-random programmatic surveillance of entomological inoculation rate (EIR) respectively constituted the primary and secondary outcomes surveyed within a population of approximately 612,000 residents in 15 fully urban wards covering 55 km(2). Bti application for one year in 3 of those wards (17 km(2) with 128,000 residents) reduced crude annual transmission estimates (Relative EIR [95% Confidence Interval] = 0.683 [0.491-0.952], P = 0.024) but program effectiveness peaked between July and September (Relative EIR [CI] = 0.354 [0.193 to 0.650], P = 0.001) when 45% (9/20) of directly observed transmission events occurred. Larviciding reduced malaria infection risk among children < or =5 years of age (OR [CI] = 0.284 [0.101 to 0.801], P = 0.017) and provided protection at least as good as personal use of an insecticide treated net (OR [CI] = 0.764 [0.614-0.951], P = 0.016).\ud
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CONCLUSIONS\ud
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In this context, larviciding reduced malaria prevalence and complemented existing protection provided by insecticide-treated nets. Larviciding may represent a useful option for integrated vector management in Africa, particularly in its rapidly growing urban centres
Fatty liver, insulin resistance and obesity: relationships with increase in coronary artery calcium over time
No full textBackground: Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), insulin resistance (IR) and obesity frequently co-exist with type 2 diabetes but it is uncertain whether these risk factors for vascular disease contribute to a change in at herosclerosis over time, independently of diabetes status. We tested whether the combination of fatty liver, IR and obesity was associated with an increase in coronary artery calcium (CAC) score over time, independently of diabetes status, other cardiovascular risk factors and medications. Methods: Data were analysed from a South Korean occupational cohort of 2175 people. The outcome was increase in cardiac computed tomography (CT) CAC score between baseline and follow up. IR was defined by HOMA-IR?75th centile and fatty liver by ultrasound. Hazard ratios (HR) [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: There were 592 (27.2%) participants in whom CAC score increased from baseline (mean±SD age at baseline 44.8±5.5 years) and 1583 subjects in whom CAC did not change or improved during follow up (mean±SD age 41.6± 5.6 years). Diabetes, HOMA-IR, fatty liver and obesity prevalence were all higher (all p<0.001), in participants in whom CAC score increased from baseline. Adjusting for diabetes and potential confounders, the combination of IR, obesity and fatty liver was independently associated with increase in CAC score over time [(HR 2.46, (95%CIs 1.50,4.03)]. Conclusions: The combination of fatty liver, IR and obesity is associated with progression of atherosclerosis over time independently of diabetes, cardiovascular risk factors, and all medications for cardiovascular disease and diabete
Experiencing the armed struggle : the Soweto generation and after
No full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 354-369).This study explores the experiences of the rank-and-file soldiers of Umkhonto we Sizwe and the Azanian People's Liberation Anny. Extensive interviews by the author and other researchers reveal the voices of the soldiers themselves. The African National Congress and Pan African Congress archives at the University of the Western Cape and the University of Fort Hare supplement and verify these oral testimonies, as do some published sources. Most previously published materials about the armed struggle against apartheid have already focused on diplomacy, strategy and tactics, operations, leadership, and human rights abuses to the neglect of the soldiers' actual experiences. This study complements these with significant new oral history materials from the Soweto generation of soldiers and their successors. When dealing with MK, many authors have documented issues of the camp structure in Angola, and operations inside South Africa, so much of this detail is only addressed briefly, leaving space to explore the soldiers' experiences. In the case of APLA, very little has been written on its history, and more detail is provided on these subjects. This study therefore deals with the soldiers' politicisation and motivation for joining the armed struggle, their experiences in leaving South Africa and training in exile, the crises in exile which limited their effectiveness for a time, their return to fight in South Africa, and their difficulties in the "new" South Africa. These materials reveal that vast problems remain facing these veterans of the struggle against apartheid, and that they have the potential, if properly supported and employed, to contribute substantially to the development of present day South Africa. Conversely, if their neglect continues, they also have the potential to bring vast harm to the country. Further use of the investigative tools of oral history, especially if extended to the former soldiers' vernacular languages, is necessary to augment the history of South Africa, and these soldiers' contributions
İcāzet-nāme; اجازتنامه
No full text1. Kitabın İçindekiler : Eserin ilk sayfaları eksiktir. 1a-34b: Hz. Muhammed’in doğumu, ahlakı, mucizeleri, miracı, hicreti, ve ayrıntılı olarak ölümü manzum olarak anlatılır. 35a-36a: Hatim duası; 36b-38a: Münacat duası. 2. Kitabın İçindekiler : İlmiye icazetnamesidir. En sonda Ahmed Nazif Sinobi, belgenin hocası Es-seyyid el-Hâc Rif’at b. el-Hâc İbrahim el-Ankaravi’den aldığı icazet sureti olduğunu belirtir. (46a). Burada Ahmed Nazif Es-Sinobi’nin mührü de vardır. 46a’da son bulan icazetnamenin rıka yazıyla farklı bir kağıda yazılmış bir diğer kopyası da 48b-50b arasındadır. 53b-55a: Farklı bir kağıda farklı bir yazıyla muhtemelen bir mevlidden alınmış Hz. Muhammed’in hayatına ait kısa bir manzume.Original scanned with Zeutschel OS 12000C A2 scanner and saved as 300 ppi uncompressed tiffs. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP20002 vol. in 1; 22x16,5 c
Participatory mapping of target areas to enable operational larval source management to suppress malaria vector mosquitoes in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
No full textBACKGROUND\ud
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Half of the population of Africa will soon live in towns and cities where it can be protected from malaria by controlling aquatic stages of mosquitoes. Rigorous but affordable and scaleable methods for mapping and managing mosquito habitats are required to enable effective larval control in urban Africa.\ud
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METHODS\ud
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A simple community-based mapping procedure that requires no electronic devices in the field was developed to facilitate routine larval surveillance in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The mapping procedure included (1) community-based development of sketch maps and (2) verification of sketch maps through technical teams using laminated aerial photographs in the field which were later digitized and analysed using Geographical Information Systems (GIS).\ud
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RESULTS\ud
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Three urban wards of Dar es Salaam were comprehensively mapped, covering an area of 16.8 km2. Over thirty percent of this area were not included in preliminary community-based sketch mapping, mostly because they were areas that do not appear on local government residential lists. The use of aerial photographs and basic GIS allowed rapid identification and inclusion of these key areas, as well as more equal distribution of the workload of malaria control field staff.\ud
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CONCLUSION\ud
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The procedure developed enables complete coverage of targeted areas with larval control through comprehensive spatial coverage with community-derived sketch maps. The procedure is practical, affordable, and requires minimal technical skills. This approach can be readily integrated into malaria vector control programmes, scaled up to towns and cities all over Tanzania and adapted to urban settings elsewhere in Africa
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