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Persecución franquista contra las minorías religiosas. El insólito caso de los protestantes de Medina del Campo (1948-1962)
No full textProducción CientíficaEl aislamiento del régimen franquista después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y la presión diplomática de países como Inglaterra y Estados Unidos ante la persecución de los protestantes en España influyeron en la aprobación del Fuero de los Españoles, que en su artículo 6 establecía una tolerancia limitada para las confesiones no católicas. Gracias a ello pudieron reabrirse numerosas capillas protestantes en todo
el país y retomar los cultos, siempre que se celebrasen en privado y bajo estrecha vigilancia de las autoridades. En este contexto, el caso de la Iglesia Evangélica de Medina del Campo, en la provincia de Valladolid, tiene una especial relevancia debido a la dureza y persistencia de la acción represiva que sufrió durante los años 40 y 50. A través del análisis de fuentes documentales inéditas procedentes de varios archivos y de testimonios orales, podemos concluir que la confluencia de los dos poderes implicados, civil y eclesiástico, en su versión más fanática e intolerante, provocó una reacción nacional e internacional inédita en otras provincias españolas. Esto hizo que el caso de la Iglesia Evangélica de Medina del Campo pasara a la historia como paradigma de la represión extrema a la que fueron sometidas las minorías religiosas en España durante el franquismo
MASKS. ALAS Y VIENTO COLLECTION. NACHO ROVIRA II.: Museo do Pobo Galego. 29 de enero a 26 de abril de 2026
No full textEl Museo do Pobo Galego acoge esta nueva etapa del proyecto MASKS, una propuesta interdisciplinar impulsada por la Universidad de Valladolid a través de la Cátedra de Estudios sobre la Tradición coordinada por la profesora Pilar Panero. Se trata de un proyecto europeo que reúne universidades, centros educativos, instituciones culturales, artesanos y profesionales de diferentes ámbitos en un amplio recorrido internacional alrededor de la cultura de la máscara. A través de esta colaboración, el Museo se incorpora a una iniciativa que combina investigación, divulgación y creación, favoreciendo así el diálogo entre tradiciones de múltiples territorios y el presente vivo de estas prácticas festivas e identitarias. La exposición que ahora presentamos es la concreción de este encuentro en nuestro Museo. Reúne una selección destacada de la colección Alas y Viento, reunida a lo largo de décadas por el coleccionista Nacho Rovira. Su generosidad nos permite contemplar una parte representativa de un conjunto excepcional, compuesto por máscaras procedentes de más de cuarenta países. Junto a ellas, se incorporan para esta muestra varias piezas gallegas, algunas pertenecientes al propio Museo do Pobo Galego, permitiendo que la colección visitante establezca un estrecho diálogo con el patrimonio etnográfico gallego y con las tradiciones del Entroido, una de las expresiones festivas más significativas de nuestra cultura.Adscrito a Unveiling the Arts and Works behind the MASKS (Project acronym: MASKS). Project number: 101139852. ERASMUS-EDU-2023-PI-ALL-INNO-EDU-ENTERP - Alliances for Education and Enterprises. Principal Investigator: M.ª Pilar Panero García (UVa)
Unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem with setup times and additional resources: an enhanced metaheuristic to address resource-related infeasibilities
No full textProducción CientíficaEfficient scheduling tools are essential for managing production environments where both machine availability and additional resource constraints play a significant role. This paper addresses the Unrelated Parallel Machine scheduling problem with setup times and additional resources in the Setups (UPMSR-S), an NP-hard problem that models real-world production settings where setups require limited resources, such as personnel or specialized equipment. We propose an enhanced algorithm designed to better handle resource-related infeasibilities and consistently outperform state-of-the-art methods. This is demonstrated through an extensive computational campaign on 1,000 benchmark instances, with improvements in Relative Percentage Deviation (RPD) exceeding 70% for several instance sizes. The proposed approach is well suited to large production environments involving setup and resource constraints, showing strong performance in challenging scheduling settings. Statistical analysis confirms that the method is highly effective across a wide range of instance sizes and scenarios, with particularly strong performance as the number of jobs and machines increases.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España en el marco del proyecto «OPRES-Optimización realista en problemas de salud pública» (n.º PID2021-124975OB-I00)Junta de Castilla y León en el marco de Research and Innovation Strategy for Smart Specialization (RIS3) de Castilla y León 2021-2027.Universidades (MICIU) / AEI (Agencia Estatal de Investigación), PID2022-136383NB-I00, y CIPROM/2024/34, Conselleria de Educación, Cultura, Universidades y Empleo, Generalitat ValencianaEuropean Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation actions under grant agreement No. 101168560 (CoEvolution
What leads to better immersive experiences? The role of guidance and mobility in virtual reality museums
No full textProducción CientíficaVirtual reality (VR) is reshaping tourism as museums increasingly adopt it to create immersive visitor experi-
ences. While presence is key to VR effectiveness, little is known about how interaction modes affect it. This study
examines the impact of two elements guidance and spatial mobility on perceived presence in virtual museum
visits. It also explores the psychological mechanisms involved and identifies autonomy as a positive driver and
satiation as a limiting factor. Results show that guidance enhances presence although it slightly reduces au-
tonomy, while spatial mobility has less of an effect. In turn, presence boosts perceived entertainment and
informativeness and positively influences attitudes toward the destination and visit intention. This research helps
to understand how interaction design in immersive environments shapes user experience and behaviour. It offers
theoretical insights on presence drivers as well as practical implications for creating more effective, satisfying,
and wellbeing-oriented VR experiences in tourismMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación - Agencia Estatal de Investigación ([project reference PID2021-123004NB-I00
Atomistic study of dislocation formation during Ge epitaxy on Si
No full textProducción CientíficaWe performed classical molecular dynamics simulations to investigate, from an atomistic point of view, the formation of dislocations during the epitaxial growth of Ge on Si. We show that simulations at 900 and 1000 K with deposition rates of 10 monolayers per second provide a good compromise between computational cost and accuracy. In these conditions, the ratio between the Ge deposition rate and the ad-atom jump rate is analogous to that of out-of-equilibrium experiments. In addition, the main features of the grown film (intermixing, critical film thickness, dislocation typology, and surface morphology) are well described. Our simulations reveal that dislocations originate in low-density amorphous regions that form under valleys of the rough Ge film surface. Atoms are squeezed out of these regions to the surface, releasing the stress accumulated in the film and smoothing its roughness. Amorphous regions grow until atoms begin to rearrange in dislocation half-loops that propagate throughout the Ge film. The threading arm ends of the dislocation half-loops move along the surface following valleys and avoiding islands. The film surface morphology affects the propagation path of the dislocation half-loops and the resulting dislocation network.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades/ Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) 10.13039/501100011033 - Project No. PID2020-115118GB-I0
Soil thickness and porosity as indicators of the ecological restoration success: The case study of a reclaimed coal-mine slope in a Mediterranean area
No full textProducción CientíficaOpen-cast mine ecological restoration is challenging due to the total removal of vegetation and soil. Thus,
restoring soil functionality is a key goal to underpin long-term ecosystem resilience. Understanding soil prop-
erties change during the revegetation process is essential for evaluating restoration success efforts and guiding
adaptive management based on reliable soil indicators. We assessed two vegetation patches representing distinct
successional stages –grassland (pioneer) and shrubland (mature)– on the same mine slope restored eleven years
prior. Within each patch, 18 plots (3 transects × 6 sampling units) were established to analyse topography, plant
family cover, and soil physicochemical properties. Soil thickness and porosity emerged as the most explicative
indicators (20 % and 17 %, respectively) for vegetation cover variance. These were also strongly associated with
both functional soil recovery indicators (C/N ratio, cation exchange capacity, available water) and vegetation
progression indicators (Fabaceae and Poaceae %cover), based on structural equation modeling and principal
component analysis. Fabaceae and other families, typically associated with late-successional stages, were linked
to low porosity and deeper soils, while Poaceae and Asteraceae, indicative of early successional stages, were
associated with high porosity and shallow soils. We propose soil thickness and porosity as cost-effective and
easily measurable indicators for monitoring ecological restoration on post-mining slopes, as they reflect both soil
recovery and vegetation dynamics. We also recommend their inclusion in restoration monitoring protocols to
support adaptive management and improve alignment with international ecological restoration standards.Junta de Castilla y León (Projects VA042A10–2 and VA035G18)Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades - MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE (Project PID2022-140127OB-I00
Characterisation of a high-resolution spectroscopic setup for experimental determination of transition probabilities of neodymium
No full textProducción CientíficaAccurate atomic data for lanthanides, particularly neodymium (Nd), are essential for astrophysical applications, including modelling kilonova opacity and determining stellar abundances. However, reliable experimental data for these ions remain scarce due to the spectral complexity of the lanthanides. In this study, we present a comprehensive characterisation of a high-resolution spectroscopic setup optimised for measuring transition probabilities of Nd lines. The system consists of a 1.5 m Czerny-Turner spectrometer coupled to a high-sensitivity CMOS detector, achieving a resolving power of up to 150,000. A modified hollow cathode lamp, originally developed at Imperial College London, was used to generate a stable neodymium plasma using argon as a carrier gas. We include an in-depth characterisation of our high-resolution setup, including spectral calibration, resolution assessment, instrument response function, and CMOS noise analysis. The validity of the partial local thermodynamic equilibrium (pLTE) assumption in the hollow cathode lamp was tested by measuring transition probabilities for 15 Nd II lines in the spectral range 378–521 nm. The derived transition probabilities show agreement within 30% of the reference values. This validation paves the way for accurate measurements of currently unreported Nd III transition probabilities, providing critical data for future astrophysical modelling efforts.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación Universidades - MICIU/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 y por FEDER, UE (project PID2021-127786NA-100
Thermal behaviour optimization in thick bricks wall of architectural heritage
No full textProducción CientíficaThe thermal envelope of a building plays a key role in its energy efficiency; therefore, accurately characterizing its behaviour is essential to reliably estimate energy consumption. In historic buildings, errors in these estimations can compromise the rehabilitation process and lead to ineffective interventions. Understanding the thermal behaviour of traditional construction systems allows for the establishment of realistic and non-invasive in situ assessment methods, which are crucial for appropriate energy retrofitting. This study evaluates the applicability of the Heat Flow Meter (HFM) method in thick brick masonry walls of historic buildings, by installing heat flux sensors on both sides of the wall. The analysis was carried out on a landmark 20th-century building over a 45-day winter monitoring period, assessing the thermal performance of the wall to validate the method’s effectiveness in heritage contexts, while identifying the advantages and limitations of the efficiency of its heating system. The results were compared with the theoretical model based on Fourier’s law, revealing notable discrepancies: daily periods were observed during which the wall simultaneously received heat from both the interior and exterior environments, contradicting the assumption of unidirectional heat transfer. This phenomenon highlights the potential of massive walls to act as dynamic thermal regulators. The study demonstrates the value of harnessing these ambient thermal gains as a passive strategy to improve energy efficiency without compromising indoor comfort established in regulations, and reinforces the relevance of traditional construction solutions in the sustainable conservation of built heritage.This work was supported by the project “PID-2022, 139363NB-I00, titled Evaluation of the improvement in energy efficiency of thick exposed brick façades through an active air cavity (EvELaC)”, funded by MICIU/AEI /https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033and by ERDF, EU
Sensitive cartographies and artistic practices as a situated method: Research-creation in depopulated rural communities
No full textProducción CientíficaRural depopulation in Castile and León highlights the need for participatory methodologies capable of rebuilding community ties and generating situated knowledge. Despite the growing use of collaborative mapping, there remains a gap in the literature regarding systematic approaches that integrate social cartography, artistic practices, and service-learning with public feedback processes in cultural institutions. In response, this article presents the framework of sensitive cartographies, developed in the province of (BLINDED) through a mixed-methods design combining interviews, collaborative mapping, audiovisual narratives, and a questionnaire administered to students.
The study enabled a situated reinterpretation of rural geographies based on the voices of local inhabitants and explored the relationship between rural identity, rural and territorial memory, and processes of community activation. The findings are organized around four key analytical dimensions: participatory knowledge production, desirable futures, local agency, and the transition from academic research to the public sphere through expanded cartography. The ethical implications of working with rural migrant populations and the role of art as an epistemic and affective mediator are also discussed. Overall, the research proposes a comprehensive and dialogical approach that contributes to understanding and strengthening community processes in rural regions affected by depopulation.NATUR-SMART project - Conservation of biodiversity through integrated agroforestry management models and the creation of smart networks of associative structures (BF307), funded by the Fundación Biodiversidad of the Spanish Ministry for Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge (MITECO), within the framework of the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan (PRTR), financed by the European Union - NextGenerationE
Numerical simulation analysis of new melting strategies for the powder bed fusion with Electron Beam.
No full textAnálisis mediante simulación numérica por elementos finitos de nuevas estrategias de fusión en el proceso de fabricación aditiva metálica "Electron Beam Melting (EBM)".
El estudio se centra en la estrategia "PointMelt", la cual permite un control térmico más preciso y una mejor calidad superficial en el resultado final.
Para el desarrollo de este análisis se utiliza el software "ABAQUS", simulando el comportamiento térmico del material Ti6Al4V variando parámetros clave del haz de electrones, como la potencia y el diámetro. Con la ayuda de estas simulaciones se evalúa el tiempo necesario para alcanzar la fusión completa del polvo y de su proyección en la base de lecho.
Los resultados muestran una relación inversa entre potencia del haz y el tiempo de fusión, así como un aumento significativo del tiempo al incrementar el diámetro.
Finalmente, se identifica una combinación óptima de parámetros que equilibra eficiencia, calidad del proceso y consumo energético.Departamento de Ingeniería Energética y FluidomecánicaGrado en Ingeniería Mecánic