202 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-pch-10.1177_21501351231204328 - Supplemental material for Barriers to Accessing Congenital Heart Surgery in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-pch-10.1177_21501351231204328 for Barriers to Accessing Congenital Heart Surgery in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review by Samuel PS Cheng, Kayoung Heo, Emilie Joos, Dominique Vervoort and Shahrzad Joharifard in World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery</p
Author response image 2. UV Absorbance Spectra of PCH-2.
No full textThe AAA+ family ATPase TRIP13 is a key regulator of meiotic recombination and the spindle assembly checkpoint, acting on signaling proteins of the conserved HORMA domain family. Here we present the structure of the Caenorhabditis elegans TRIP13 ortholog PCH-2, revealing a new family of AAA+ ATPase protein remodelers. PCH-2 possesses a substrate-recognition domain related to those of the protein remodelers NSF and p97, while its overall hexameric architecture and likely structural mechanism bear close similarities to the bacterial protein unfoldase ClpX. We find that TRIP13, aided by the adapter protein p31(comet), converts the HORMA-family spindle checkpoint protein MAD2 from a signaling-active 'closed' conformer to an inactive 'open' conformer. We propose that TRIP13 and p31(comet) collaborate to inactivate the spindle assembly checkpoint through MAD2 conformational conversion and disassembly of mitotic checkpoint complexes. A parallel HORMA protein disassembly activity likely underlies TRIP13's critical regulatory functions in meiotic chromosome structure and recombination
Development and validation of a purge & trap- thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of propylene chlorohydrins (PCH) in hydroxpropyl starch and/or propylene oxide fumigated food products
No full textPropylene oxide has been widely used in food industry to modify food functionality and to sterilize food products. Examples include hydroxypropylation of starch and cellulose to modify cold water solubility and sterilization of nutmeat like almonds. In this process, some undesirable side chemicals such as PCH are produced. PCH are mutagens and potential carcinogens. The level of PCH permissible in modified starch is regulated internationally. Food Chemical Codex, Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and European Commission on food additives have set the limit of PCH in hydroxypropyl starch, which is less than 1mg/kg. However, because few toxicology guideline studies are available on PCH, the hazardous effects have not been fully understood and the allowable residue content of PCH in many food products has not been specified by regulations. Recent independent studies conducted in the US and Europe have suggested that the certified international method for PCH quantification in modified starch may underestimate the amount of residual PCH. The objective of this research is to develop an alternate method for PCH quantification and to independently evaluate the results of a newly proposed solvent extraction GC-MS analytical method (AVEBE unpublished study). The P&T-TD-GC-MS method includes four steps: solvent extraction with water or MEOH, Purge & Trap concentration, thermal desorption and GC-MS analysis. It incorporates 3-chloro-1-propanol (a PCH structural isomer) as a matrix-spiked internal standard. The method is approximately 100 times more sensitive than the proposed European solvent extraction-GC-MS method, allowing for full-scan mass confirmation in contrast to the European method that uses selected ion monitoring. The P&T-TD-GC-MS method also eliminated the requirement of a highly specific GC injector (Programmed Thermal Volatilizer or PTV) which is mandated by the European method and not commonly available to most labs. With this P&T-TD-GC-MS method, the LOD of both PCH1 and PCH2 is 0.025mg/kg and their LOQ is 0.1 mg/kg. A series of method validation tests, including precision, system suitability and recovery were conducted to determine the accuracy and sensitivity of the P&T-TD-GC-MS method in this study.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Yue J
CHREST+: A simulation of how humans learn to solve problems using diagrams.
No full textThis paper describes the underlying principles of a computer model, CHREST+, which learns to solve problems using diagrammatic representations. Although earlier work has determined that experts store domain-specific information within schemata, no substantive model has been proposed for learning such representations. We describe the different strategies used by subjects in constructing a diagrammatic representation of an electric circuit known as an AVOW diagram, and explain how these strategies fit a theory for the learnt representations. Then we describe CHREST+, an extended version of an established model of human perceptual memory. The extension enables the model to relate information learnt about circuits with that about their associated AVOW diagrams, and use this information as a schema to improve its efficiency at problem solving
Learning perceptual schemas to avoid the utility problem
No full textThis paper describes principles for representing and organising planning knowledge in a machine learning architecture. One of the difficulties with learning about tasks requiring planning is the utility problem: as more knowledge is acquired by the learner, the utilisation of that knowledge takes on a complexity which overwhelms the mechanisms of the original task. This problem does not, however, occur with human learners: on the contrary, it is usually the case that, the more knowledgeable the learner, the greater the efficiency and accuracy in locating a solution. The reason for this lies in the types of knowledge acquired by the human learner and its organisation. We describe the basic representations which underlie the superior abilities of human experts, and describe algorithms for using equivalent representations in a machine learning architecture
Badania socjopedeutologiczne ks. Jana Zowczaka w kontekście kolejnych prac nad kodeksem etycznym nauczycieli
No full textThe author explores the issues in Revd Jan Zowczak’s sociopedeutological research in the context of the 1980s debate regarding teachers’ professional ethics and the necessity to elevate the moral condition of the teaching profession throughadoption of the teachers’ code of ethics.The author explores the issues in Revd Jan Zowczak’s sociopedeutological research in the context of the 1980s debate regarding teachers’ professional ethics and the necessity to elevate the moral condition of the teaching profession throughadoption of the teachers’ code of ethics
A herança do PCH: balanço crítico e desdobramentos 40 anos depois
No full textEste artigo realiza um balanço crítico do Programa de Cidades Históricas (PCH), implementado pelo governo federal do Brasil entre 1973 e 1987. O PCH constituiu a primeira política de preservação do patrimônio urbano de caráter amplo, integrado e descentralizado, sendo, até hoje, a que obteve os resultados mais duradouros, sejam positivos ou negativos. Neste trabalho - que se baseia em pesquisa realizada pela autora em meados dos anos 1990 e em pesquisas recentes feitas por outros autores - busca-se resgatar alguns aspectos pouco conhecidos do programa que são úteis para a reflexão atual sobre as políticas de preservação do patrimônio. Busca-se também avaliar, dos pontos de vista conceitual, institucional e operacional, a herança deixada por essa experiência que, de modo pioneiro, tentou executar a difícil tarefa de preservar o patrimônio urbano de modo economicamente sustentável - uma tarefa que ainda não foi executada de modo consistente e adequado no Brasil contemporâneo.The paper makes a critical assessment of the Historic Cities Program (HCP), implemented by the federal government of Brazil from 1973 to 1987. HCP was a first broad nature preservation policy, integrated and decentralized, and is until today, the one with the most durable results, whether positive or negative. This paper - based on research conducted by the author in the mid-1990s and in recent research by other authors -seeks to rescue some little-known aspects of this program that are useful to the current reflection on the heritage preservation policies. It also seeks to evaluate in a conceptual, institutional and operational point of view, the legacy of this experience that, in a pioneering way, attempted to perform the difficult task of preserving the urban heritage with economic sustainability - something still not achieved in contemporary Brazil in a consistent and satisfactory way
Cbx2 targets PRC1 to constitutive heterochromatin in mouse zygotes in a parent-of-origin-dependent manner
No full textPolycomb repressive complexes PRC1 and PRC2 regulate expression of genes involved in proliferation and development. In mouse early embryos, however, canonical PRC1 localizes to paternal pericentric heterochromatin (pat-PCH), where it represses transcription of major satellite repeats. In contrast, maternal PCH (mat-PCH) is enriched for H3 lysine 9 tri-methylation (H3K9me3) and Hp1β. How PRC1 is targeted to pat-PCH, yet excluded from mat-PCH, has remained elusive. Here, we identify a PRC1 targeting mechanism that relies on Cbx2 and Hp1β. Cbx2 directs catalytically active PRC1 to PCH via its chromodomain (CDCbx2) and neighboring AT-hook (ATCbx2) binding to H3K27me3 and AT-rich major satellites, respectively. CDCbx2 prevents ATCbx2 from interacting with DNA at PCH marked by H3K9me3 and Hp1β. Loss-of-function studies show that Hp1β and not H3K9me3 prevents PRC1 targeting to mat-PCH. Our findings indicate that CDCbx2 and ATCbx2 separated by a short linker function together to integrate H3K9me3/HP1 and H3K27me3 states
Przyroda jako miejsce spotkania z Bogiem
No full textThe author of the article draws the reader’s attention to the components of thenatural world, which let us discover the existence of God the Creator. Beauty issuggested to be the most important of these components. Beauty resides in theperfection of the object observed, its proportions and harmony, variety and order,glamour, grace, majesty and grandeur. Unfolding the mystery of life itself is alsoconducive to the recognition of God, especially in the silence of nature and beingsurrounded by the scents it exudes. However, the very contact with nature is notenough to encounter God. The author of the article contemplates the ways of educatingpeople which may facilitate their discovery of God in nature. It is necessary to teachman how to contemplate the surrounding world. Careful observation, concentrationon the object, calming down, leaving the hustle and bustle behind are indispensableto learn this, as well as the ability to describe your own feelings and the rejectionof the utilitarian attitude to the world. The author makes reference to biblical texts,thoughts presented in papal speeches and private observations.The author of the article draws the reader’s attention to the components of thenatural world, which let us discover the existence of God the Creator. Beauty issuggested to be the most important of these components. Beauty resides in theperfection of the object observed, its proportions and harmony, variety and order,glamour, grace, majesty and grandeur. Unfolding the mystery of life itself is alsoconducive to the recognition of God, especially in the silence of nature and beingsurrounded by the scents it exudes. However, the very contact with nature is notenough to encounter God. The author of the article contemplates the ways of educatingpeople which may facilitate their discovery of God in nature. It is necessary to teachman how to contemplate the surrounding world. Careful observation, concentrationon the object, calming down, leaving the hustle and bustle behind are indispensableto learn this, as well as the ability to describe your own feelings and the rejectionof the utilitarian attitude to the world. The author makes reference to biblical texts,thoughts presented in papal speeches and private observations
Liberal education w relacji do edukacji obywatelskiej i moralnej
No full textThis article is an attempt to find relationships that exist between liberal education, and civic and moral education. In a first few parts, the author defines the three types of education, presents their key assumptions, methods of implementation and the effects that should be achieved. Subsequently, the author tries to notice the relationships that connect them, and find points in common between them. Finding dependencies not only concerns those that connect liberal education with moral and civic education, but also those that exist between moral and civic education. The article ends with a summary, which is a commentary of the author on the issues discussed throughout the paper.Artykuł ten jest próbą znalezienia relacji, jakie istnieją pomiędzy liberal education, edukacją obywatelską i moralną. W kilku pierwszych częściach autorka definiuje te trzy rodzaje edukacji, przedstawia ich główne założenia, sposoby ich realizacji oraz efekty, które dzięki nim powinny zostać osiągnięte. Następnie stara się dostrzec relacje, jakie je łączą oraz znaleźć między nimi punkty wspólne. Poszukiwanie zależności nie dotyczy tylko tych, które łączą liberal education z edukacją moralną czy obywatelską ale również tych, które zachodzą między edukacją moralną a obywatelską. Artykuł kończy się podsumowaniem, który jest komentarzem autorki do problematyki omawianej w całej pracy
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