1,346 research outputs found
Chinese literary works translated into Baba Malay: a bibliographical study
No full textAnalyses 68 unique titles of Baba translated works published between 1889 and 1950. The titles are held in the libraries of the University of Malaya (UM), Science University Malaysia (USM), National University of Malaysia (UKM), the Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP), National University of Singapore (NUS), National Library of Singapore (NLS) and the British Library (BL). The results reveal three periods of active publication of Baba translated works. A total of 18 works were translated before World War I, followed by 10 just after the war, 39 titles were published before the break of the World War II and 1 was identified in 1950. There were 103 persons involved in the 68 translated works, some of whom are responsible for more than one title. The most prominent translators were Chan Kim Boon, Wan Boon Seng, Seow Chin San and Lee Seng Poh. Some of the translators were also be editors, illustrators or editors. There were 31 publishers and 21 printing presses involved, all were located in Singapore. The most active publishers were Wan Boon Seng, Kim Seck Chy Press and Nanyang Romanised Malay Book Co. The translated works mainly cover historical classical Chinese stories, chivalrous stories, romances, folklore and legends. The titles were priced between 10 cents to 2 dollars in Straits currency. The University of Malaya Library held the largest number of unique title (62) out of which 15 were unique titles
DNA templated Click Chemistry via 5-vinyl-2′-deoxyuridine and an acridine-tetrazine conjugate induces DNA damage and apoptosis in cancer cells
No full textGreen synthesis of ultrapure La(OH)<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles by one-step method through spark ablation and electrospinning and its application to phosphate removal
No full textLa(OH)3 metal engineered nanoparticles (MENPs) are efficient phosphate binders; however, complex synthesis procedures and purity as well as agglomeration issues impede their development and practical applications. Herein, a green and a one-step method in combination with the spark ablation aerosol technology and electrospinning is proposed for the synthesis of La(OH)3 MENPs; further, their application as phosphate binders are elucidated as a proof the concept. Material characterization results confirm the successful synthesis of ultrapure La(OH)3 MENPs, which has not been achieved before via an environmentally friendly one-step procedure. Small angle X-ray scattering and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy etching results show that La(OH)3 MENPs loading on the electrospun nanofibers are uniform in both two and three dimensions. The comparative tests revealed a high phosphate adsorption capacity (110.8 mg P/g La) and indicted that the La(OH)3 MENPs perform well; this was observed even under the interference of coexisting ions (Cl−, SO4 2−, NO3 −, and F−) at different pH values. After three cycles of solution-shaking treatment, the release of La(OH)3 was less than 1 wt% (0.5 wt%), which was acceptable for an adsorbent. These results indicate that the La(OH)3 MENP-loaded nanofibers are practical phosphate binders due to the simple production methods, low manufacturing cost, and impressive capacity. The proposed method significantly shortens the loading process and is a promising alternative for not only the synthesis of the adsorbent, but also for other engineering materials where loading is needed.ChemE/Materials for Energy Conversion and Storag
Classification of cardioembolic stroke based on a deep neural network using chest radiographs
No full textBackground: Although chest radiographs have not been utilised well for classifying stroke subtypes, they could provide a plethora of information on cardioembolic stroke. This study aimed to develop a deep convolutional neural network that could diagnose cardioembolic stroke based on chest radiographs. Methods: Overall, 4,064 chest radiographs of consecutive patients with acute ischaemic stroke were collected from a prospectively maintained stroke registry. Chest radiographs were randomly partitioned into training/validation (n = 3,255) and internal test (n = 809) datasets in an 8:2 ratio. A densely connected convolutional network (ASTRO-X) was trained to diagnose cardioembolic stroke based on chest radiographs. The performance of ASTRO-X was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Gradientweighted class activation mapping was used to evaluate the region of focus of ASTRO-X. External testing was performed with 750 chest radiographs of patients with acute ischaemic stroke from 7 hospitals. Findings: The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of ASTRO-X were 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-0.89) and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.79-0.85) during the internal and multicentre external testing, respectively. The gradient-weighted class activation map demonstrated that ASTRO-X was focused on the area where the left atrium was located. Compared with cases predicted as non-cardioembolism by ASTRO-X, cases predicted as cardioembolism by ASTRO-X had higher left atrial volume index and lower left ventricular ejection fraction in echocardiography. Interpretation: ASTRO-X, a deep neural network developed to diagnose cardioembolic stroke based on chest radiographs, demonstrated good classification performance and biological plausibility. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Y
Estudo do envolvimento iônico e de proteínas cinases no mecanismo de ação da 1-a,25(OH)2 vitamina D3, no influxo de cálcio em células de Sertoli e em testículos de ratos
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Florianópolis, 2010Tendo em mente que a 1,25D3, produto final do metabolismo da vitamina D3 é essencial para a integridade do sistema reprodutor masculino, e que, a homeostase do Ca+2 desempenha papel chave em muitos processos envolvidos na espermatogênese, avaliamos o efeito em nível membranar da 1,25D3 sobre o metabolismo do Ca+2 em testículo inteiro e célula de Sertoli de ratos imaturos. Foi demonstrado que em após 60 minutos de pré-incubação com o hormônio, não hove variação da captação basal de 45Ca+2 nos tempos de incubação de 30, 60, 150, 300 e 600 segundos. No tempo de incubação de 60 segundos, foi verificado que a 1,25D3 tem a capacidade de aumentar a captação de 45Ca+2 do meio extracelular em diferentes doses em ambos modelos experimentais, sendo este evento independente da ação genômica. Em testículos, observou-se que doses entre 10-15M e 10-9M foram eficazes em aumentar a captação de 45Ca+2, sendo o maior efeito evidenciado da dose de 10-10M (106%). Utilizando esta dose, foi demonstrado que os canais de CCDV do tipo L e T são as principais vias de entrada do íon nas células testiculares, e que há necessidade da manutenção das correntes de K+ e Cl- para que ocorra este evento. Em células de Sertoli também não foi verificada a variação da captação basal de 45Ca+2. Neste sistema, foi verificado que no tempo de 60 segundos de incubação, o hormônio foi capaz de elevar a captação de 45Ca+2 entre as doses de 10-12M e 10-8 M, onde a dose de 10-12 M aumentou em torno de140% a capatação do íon. Já a dose de 10-10 M elevou em 89% o influxo do íon. Desta forma, utilizando a dose de 10-10 M, verificamos que as células de Sertoli comportam- se assim como os testículos: há necessitadade da ativação dos CCDV-L e T para a entrada do Ca+2 assim como das correntes de K+ e Cl-. Também foi verificado que em células de Sertoli há necessidade da ativação das proteínas PKC e p38MAPK para a capatação de Ca+2 estimulada pela 1,25D3. Alé, disso, as proteínas PI3K e ERK1/2 também estão em parte envolvidas neste processo. Por fim, avaliamos que a integridade dos microtúbulos e a atividade dos canais ClC3 faz-se necessária para que ocorra a entrada do íon nas células de Sertoli, sendo esta elevação do íon necessária para que ocorra o processo de secreção celular já demosntrada anteriormente pela 1,25D3
U1 snRNP regulates cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro
No full textStimulated cells and cancer cells have widespread shortening of mRNA 3’-untranslated regions (3’UTRs) and switches to shorter mRNA isoforms due to usage of more proximal polyadenylation signals (PASs) in introns and last exons. U1 snRNP (U1), vertebrates’ most abundant non-coding (spliceosomal) small nuclear RNA, silences proximal PASs and its inhibition with antisense morpholino oligonucleotides (U1 AMO) triggers widespread premature transcription termination and mRNA shortening. Here we show that low U1 AMO doses increase cancer cells’ migration and invasion in vitro by up to 500%, whereas U1 over-expression has the opposite effect. In addition to 3’UTR length, numerous transcriptome changes that could contribute to this phenotype are observed, including alternative splicing, and mRNA expression levels of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressors. These findings reveal an unexpected role for U1 homeostasis (available U1 relative to transcription) in oncogenic and activated cell states, and suggest U1 as a potential target for their modulation. © 2020, The Author(s)
Multi-species comparison of the mechanism of biotransformation of MeO-BDEs to OH-BDEs in fish
No full textPolybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their methoxylated- (MeO-) and hydroxylated- (OH-) analogs are ubiquitously distributed in the environment worldwide. The OH-BDEs have greater potency than PBDEs and can be produced from the transformation of MeO-BDEs. The objectives of the current study were to (1) identify the enzyme(s) that catalyze biotransformation of 6-MeO-BDE-47 to 6-OH-BDE-47 in livers from rainbow trout, and (2) compare biotransformation of 6-MeO-BDE-47 to 6-OH-BDE-47 among rainbow trout, white sturgeon and goldfish. Cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) enzymes did not catalyze the biotransformation reaction. However, biotransformation was significantly inhibited by the CYP inhibitors clotrimazole and 1-benzylimidazole but not gestodene. Therefore, the reaction is likely catalyzed by CYP2 enzymes. When biotransformation was compared among species, concentrations of 6-OH-BDE-47 were significantly 3.4- and 9.1-fold greater in microsomes from rainbow trout compared to goldfish or white sturgeon, respectively. Concentrations of 6-OH-BDE-47 in microsomes from goldfish were non-significantly 2.7-fold greater than in sturgeon. The initial rate of biotransformation in microsomes from livers of rainbow trout was significantly 2.0- and 6.2-fold greater than the initial rate of biotransformation in microsomes from livers of goldfish or sturgeon, respectively, while the initial rate in goldfish was significantly 3.1-fold greater than in sturgeon. It is hypothesized that differences in CYP-mediated biotransformation of MeO-BDEs to OH-BDEs could influence concentrations of OH-BDEs in different species of fish. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000303643700021&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Marine & Freshwater BiologyToxicologySCI(E)15ARTICLE182-18811
Chitinophaga ginsengisegetis sp nov and Chitinophaga ginsengisoli sp nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field in South Korea
No full textTwo novel strains belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes [formerly the Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides (CFB) group], designated Gsoil 040(T) and Gsoil 052(T), were isolated from the soil of a ginseng field in Pocheon province, South Korea. A polyphasic approach was used to characterize the taxonomic position of the novel strains. Both strains were Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the novel isolates belong to the genus Chitinophaga but are clearly separated from the recognized species of this genus; gene sequence similarities between the novel isolates and type strains of recognized species ranged from 91.2 to 96.5%. One exception was found; strain Gsoil 052(T) and the type strain of Chitinophaga filiformis had a gene sequence similarity of 99.6 % but had a DNA-DNA relatedness value of 38 %. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data (major menaquinone, MK-7; major fatty acids, iso-C-15:0 and C-16,C-1 omega 5c; major hydroxy fatty acid, iso-C-17:0 3-OH and major polyamine, homospermidine) supported the affiliation of both strains Gsoil 040(T) and Gsoil 052(T) to the genus Chitinophaga. The results of physiological and biochemical tests enabled the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of the novel strains from the other recognized species of the genus Chitinophaga. Therefore, it is suggested that the new isolates represent two novel species, for which the names Chitinophaga ginsengisegetis sp. nov. [type strain Gsoil 040T (=KCTC 12654(T) = DSM 18108(T))] and Chitinophaga ginsengisoli sp. nov. [type strain Gsoil 052 T (=KCTC 12592 T =DSM 18017 T)] are proposed
Aeromicrobium panaciterrae sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field in South Korea
No full textA Gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming and strictly aerobic bacterium (Gsoil 161T) was isolated from soil of a ginseng field in Pocheon Province, South Korea. The novel isolate was characterized using a polyphasic approach in order to determine its taxonomic position. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain Gsoil 161T was shown to belong to the family Nocardioidaceae and was related to Aeromicrobium marinum (98.0% similarity to the type strain), Aeromicrobium alkaliterrae (97.6%), Aeromicrobium fastidiosum (97.0%) and Aeromicrobium erythreum (96.7%); the sequence similarity with other species within the family was less than 94.4%. It was characterized chemotaxonomically as having LL-2,6-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan, MK-9(H4) as the predominant menaquinone and C16:0, 10-methyl C18:0 (tuberculostearic acid), C16:0 2-OH, 10-methyl C17:0 and 10-methyl-C16:0 as the major fatty acids. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 65.5 mol%. These chemotaxonomic properties and phenotypic characteristics support the affiliation of strain Gsoil 161T to the genus Aeromicrobium. Results of physiological and biochemical tests enabled strain Gsoil 161T to be differentiated genotypically and phenotypically from currently known Aeromicrobium species. Therefore, strain Gsoil 161T represents a novel species, for which the name Aeromicrobium panaciterrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain Gsoil 161T (=KCTC 19131T = DSM 17939T=CCUG 52476T).open
Aberrant hyperactivation of cytotoxic T-cell as a potential determinant of COVID-19 severity
No full textObjectives: We hypothesized that immune response may contribute to progression of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) at the second week of illness. Therefore, we compared cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses between severe and mild COVID-19 cases. Methods: We examined peripheral blood mononuclear cells of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients from their first and third weeks of illness. Severe pneumonia was defined as an oxygen saturation <= 93% at room air. Expressions of molecules related to T-cell activation and functions were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: The population dynamics of T cells at the first week were not different between the two groups. However, total numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells tended to be lower in the severe group at the third week of illness. Expressions of Ki-67, PD-1, perforin, and granzyme B in CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells were significantly higher in the severe group than in the mild group at the third week. In contrast to the mild group, the levels of their expression did not decrease in the severe group. Conclusions: Severe COVID-19 had a higher degree of proliferation, activation, and cytotoxicity of T-cells at the late phase of illness without cytotoxic T-cell contraction, which might contribute to the development of severe COVID-19. (c) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Y
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