1,721,104 research outputs found
Downward monotonicity in questions
No full textI show that the hypothesis that downward monotonicity is required for the licensing of negative polarity items (Fauconnier 1975, 1979, Ladusaw 1979) can account for why they appear in interrogatives. In particular, I show that strong exhaustive answers to questions with negative polarity items are downward monotone using three ingredients: (i) interrogatives denote sets of propositions (Hamblin 1973, Karttunen 1977), (ii) negative polarity items introduce alternatives and thereby enrich this denotation, and (iii) an answer operator (Heim 1994, Beck and Rullmann 1999) delivers the strong exhaustive answer. Among other things this accounts for Guerzoni and Sharvit’s 2007 observation that only interrogatives embedded under predicates allowing for a strong exhaustive interpretation of that question license negative polarity items
Downward monotonicity in questions
No full textI show that the hypothesis that downward monotonicity is required for the licensing of negative polarity items (Fauconnier 1975, 1979, Ladusaw 1979) can account for why they appear in interrogatives. In particular, I show that strong exhaustive answers to questions with negative polarity items are downward monotone using three ingredients: (i) interrogatives denote sets of propositions (Hamblin 1973, Karttunen 1977), (ii) negative polarity items introduce alternatives and thereby enrich this denotation, and (iii) an answer operator (Heim 1994, Beck and Rullmann 1999) delivers the strong exhaustive answer. Among other things this accounts for Guerzoni and Sharvit’s 2007 observation that only interrogatives embedded under predicates allowing for a strong exhaustive interpretation of that question license negative polarity items
On three-valued presentations of Classical Logic
No full textGiven a three-valued definition of validity, which choice of three-valued truth tables for the connectives can ensure that the resulting logic coincides exactly with classical logic? We give an answer to this question for the five monotonic consequence relations st, ss, tt, ss ∩ tt, and ts, when the connectives are negation, conjunction, and disjunction. For ts and ss ∩ tt the answer is trivial (no scheme works), and for ss and tt it is straightforward (they are the collapsible schemes, in which the middle value acts like one of the classical values). For st, the schemes in question are the Boolean normal schemes that are either monotonic or collapsible.Fil: Da Re, Bruno. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas. - Sociedad Argentina de Análisis Filosófico. Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; ArgentinaFil: Szmuc, Damián Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas. - Sociedad Argentina de Análisis Filosófico. Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; ArgentinaFil: Chemla, Emmanuel. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Ecole Normale Supérieure; FranciaFil: Egré, Paul. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Ecole Normale Supérieure; Franci
Iconic Syntax: Sign Language Classifier Predicates and Gesture Sequences
No full textSupplements for the article:
Schlenker, Philippe; Bonnet, Marion; Lamberton, Jonathan; Lamberton, Jason; Chemla, Emmanuel; Santoro, Mirko; Geraci, Carlo: accepted with minor revisions, Iconic Syntax: Sign Language Classifier Predicates and Gesture Sequences. Linguistics & Philosoph
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Iconic Syntax: Sign Language Classifier Predicates and Gesture Sequences
No full textSupplements for the article:
Schlenker, Philippe; Bonnet, Marion; Lamberton, Jonathan; Lamberton, Jason; Chemla, Emmanuel; Santoro, Mirko; Geraci, Carlo: accepted with minor revisions, Iconic Syntax: Sign Language Classifier Predicates and Gesture Sequences. Linguistics & Philosoph
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Iconic Syntax: Sign Language Classifier Predicates and Gesture Sequences
No full textSupplements for the article:
Schlenker, Philippe; Bonnet, Marion; Lamberton, Jonathan; Lamberton, Jason; Chemla, Emmanuel; Santoro, Mirko; Geraci, Carlo: accepted with minor revisions, Iconic Syntax: Sign Language Classifier Predicates and Gesture Sequences. Linguistics & Philosoph
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