1,721,002 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Coral reefs of Wallis and Futuna : biological monitoring, health and future
Full text linkWallis and
Futuna is a small tropical overseas French territory located in the South Pacific Ocean 450 km North from
Fiji and 400 km North-East from Samoa. It is composed of three main islands : Uvea, Futuna and Alofi , and
inhabited by around 15 000 people. A long-term coral reef monitoring program was implemented in 1999 on
six outer slopes sites. Live coral coverages and genus diversity were sampled every 3 years. The initial results
suggested a relative stability of these aspects with no signifi cant changes between 1999 (fi rst surveys) and
2005 (most recent surveys). A comparative study of the three sampled islands shows that highest coral coverages
on Wallis’outer reefs are isolated (by a 1 km or more wide lagoon) from the inhabited land, and therefore
are protected to an extent from natural and human perturbations. The lower coral coverage observed on
Futuna and Alofi may be attributable to the proximity to higher frequency of human and natural terrestrial
stresses due to the absence of a lagoon on these two islands. Anthropogenic activities inducing stresses such
as sewage, land erosion, poisoning and blast fishing have been identified on the sampled islands. Relative to
other Pacific island countries, Wallis and Futuna has a low density human population and a high GNP/inhabitant.
Ongoing French and European monitoring, research and development programmes, provide Wallis
and Futuna with a level of understanding with regard to the status of its coral reef resources. These factors
should contribute signifi cantly to the implementation of effective management of reef resources in Wallis
and FutunaWallis et Futuna est une petite communauté d'outre-mer française située dans l'océan Pacifique à 450 km au nord de Fiji et 400 km au nord-est des Samoa. Son territoire se compose de trois îles principales : Uvea, Futuna et Alofi
où vivent environ 15 000 habitants. Un programme de surveillance à long terme des récifs coralliens a été mis en place depuis 1999 sur six sites de pente externe où les recouvrements en corail vivant et la richesse spécifique en genres coralliens sont échantillonnés tous les 3 ans. Les
premiers résultats montrent une relative stabilité des récifs sans changements importants entre le début du programme en 1999 et les derniers relevés réalisés en 2005. L'étude comparative des résultats obtenus sur les trois îles échantillonnées dans cette étude donne des résultats
contrastés. On note ainsi des valeurs plus importantes de recouvrement corallien à Wallis, où les pentes externes sont isolées des terres habitées par un lagon de 1 km ou plus de largeur, qu'à Futuna et Alofi. Les valeurs de recouvrement relativement plus faibles observées à Futuna et Alofi
sont probablement dues à l'absence de lagon sur ces îles où, de ce fait, les contacts avec les perturbations d'origine humaine sont plus directs et plus fréquents. Plusieurs stress d'origine anthropique tels que rejets d'eaux usées, érosion terrestre, pêche au poison ou à la dynamite ont été
identifiés sur les îles prospectées. Cependant la faible densité de population, le PNB/habitant relativement haut et l'intégration dans des programmes de suivi, de recherche et de recherche-développement français et européens, donnent à cette collectivité un potentiel avantageux dont elle
devrait tirer parti pour la gestion future de ses récifs
Les récifs coralliens de Wallis et Futuna : suivi biologique, état de santé et perspectives d’avenir
No full textCoral reefs of Wallis and Futuna : biological monitoring, health and future. – Wallis and Futuna is a small tropical overseas French territory located in the South Pacific Ocean 450 km North from Fiji and 400 km North-East from Samoa. It is composed of three main islands : Uvea, Futuna and Alofi, and inhabited by around 15 000 people. A long-term coral reef monitoring program was implemented in 1999 on six outer slopes sites. Live coral coverages and genus diversity were sampled every 3 years. The initial results suggested a relative stability of these aspects with no significant changes between 1999 (first surveys) and 2005 (most recent surveys). A comparative study of the three sampled islands shows that highest coral coverages on Wallis’outer reefs are isolated (by a 1 km or more wide lagoon) from the inhabited land, and therefore are protected to an extent from natural and human perturbations. The lower coral coverage observed on Futuna and Alofi may be attributable to the proximity to higher frequency of human and natural terrestrial stresses due to the absence of a lagoon on these two islands. Anthropogenic activities inducing stresses such as sewage, land erosion, poisoning and blast fishing have been identifi ed on the sampled islands. Relative to other Pacific island countries, Wallis and Futuna has a low density human population and a high GNP/inhabitant. Ongoing French and European monitoring, research and development programmes, provide Wallis and Futuna with a level of understanding with regard to the status of its coral reef resources. These factors should contribute signifi cantly to the implementation of effective management of reef resources in Wallis and Futuna.Wallis et Futuna est une petite communauté d’outre-mer française située dans l’océan Pacifi que à 450 km au nord de Fiji et 400 km au nord-est des Samoa. Son territoire se compose de trois îles principales : Uvea, Futuna et Alofi où vivent environ 15 000 habitants. Un programme de surveillance à long terme des récifs coralliens a été mis en place depuis 1999 sur six sites de pente externe où les recouvrements en corail vivant et la richesse spécifi que en genres coralliens sont échantillonnés tous les 3 ans. Les premiers résultats montrent une relative stabilité des récifs sans changements importants entre le début du programme en 1999 et les derniers relevés réalisés en 2005. L’étude comparative des résultats obtenus sur les trois îles échantillonnées dans cette étude donne des résultats contrastés. On note ainsi des valeurs plus importantes de recouvrement corallien à Wallis, où les pentes externes sont isolées des terres habitées par un lagon de 1 km ou plus de largeur, qu’à Futuna et Alofi. Les valeurs de recouvrement relativement plus faibles observées à Futuna et Alofi sont probablement dues à l’absence de lagon sur ces îles où, de ce fait, les contacts avec les perturbations d’origine humaine sont plus directs et plus fréquents. Plusieurs stress d’origine anthropique tels que rejets d’eaux usées, érosion terrestre, pêche au poison ou à la dynamite ont été identifiés sur les îles prospectées. Cependant la faible densité de population, le PNB/ habitant relativement haut et l’intégration dans des programmes de suivi, de recherche et de recherche-développement français et européens, donnent à cette collectivité un potentiel avantageux dont elle devrait tirer parti pour la gestion future de ses récifs.Chancerelle Yannick. Les récifs coralliens de Wallis et Futuna : suivi biologique, état de santé et perspectives d’avenir. In: Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et La Vie), tome 63, n°1-2, 2008. Les récifs coralliens de l’outre - mer français : suivi et état des lieux / French overseas coral reefs: monitoring and status / Los arrecifes de coral del ultramar francés: seguimiento y estatuto. pp. 133-143
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The Photo Tow: a New Technique for Estimating Coral Reef Status on Large Spatial Scales
Full text link国際共同シンポジウム: International Joint Symposium: Tropical Island Ecosystems and Sustainable Development (Moorea, French Polynesia), DATE:December 2-7, 2006, PLACE: Moorea, French Polynesia, CO-SPONSORS: Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l’Environnement (CRIOBE) / Richard B. Gump South Pacific Research Station (University of California Berkeley) / 21st COE Program of University of the Ryukyus論
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