1,720,960 research outputs found
Stress hormones and eating disorders
No full textAims: The aim of this paper is to emphasize the role of stress processes in the aetiology of eating disorders. Methods: We have examined the literature for evidence that people with eating disorders might exhibit markers of stress and show signs of the “maltreated ecophenotype”. Results: Early adversity is more common among people with binge eating behaviours. The secondary effects of malnutrition, which are mostly marked in anorexia nervosa, may be an added stressor that could also contribute to the stress related phenotype. People with eating disorders have anomalies in brain structure, reward and punishment sensitivity, and the balance between HPA and SMA function. These may be potential targets for treatment
Targeting binge eating in bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder using inhibitory control training and implementation intentions: A feasibility trial
Full text linkThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Cambridge University Press via the DOI in this recordBackground. This trial examined the feasibility, acceptability, and effect sizes of clinical
outcomes of an intervention that combines inhibitory control training (ICT) and
implementation intentions (if-then planning) to target binge eating and eating disorder
psychopathology.
Methods. Seventy-eight adult participants with bulimia nervosa or binge eating disorder
were randomly allocated to receive food-specific, or general, ICT and if-then planning for
four weeks.
Results. Recruitment and retention rates at four weeks (97.5% and 79.5%, respectively) met
the pre-set cut-offs. The pre-set adherence to the intervention was met for the ICT sessions
(84.6%), but not for if-then planning (53.4%). Binge eating frequency and eating disorder
psychopathology decreased in both intervention groups at post-intervention (four weeks) and
follow-up (eight weeks), with moderate to large effect sizes. There was a tendency for greater
reductions in binge eating frequency and eating disorders psychopathology (i.e. larger effect
sizes) in the food-specific intervention group. Across both groups, ICT and if-then planning
were associated with small-to-moderate reductions in high energy-dense food valuation
(post-intervention), food approach (post-intervention and follow-up), anxiety (follow-up),
and depression (follow-up). Participants indicated that both interventions were acceptable.
Conclusions. The study findings reveal that combined ICT and if-then planning is associated
with reductions in binge eating frequency and eating disorder psychopathology, and that the
feasibility of ICT is promising, while improvements to if-then planning condition may be
needed.National Institute for Health Research (NIHR
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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