1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Exploring the role of biogas systems in sustainable waste conversion and household energy supply
Get PDFBackground: Systema 20 Model biodigesters were installed at Tsangano Market in Malawi and are being promoted all over the country. However, there is limited field-based proof to support their technical performance and social and environmental benefits. Therefore, this study assessed the technical performance of the biodigester and its community benefits. Methods: The study used a mixed-methods approach. Waste composition analysis involved randomly collecting and segregating 835.17 kg of market waste to determine its constituents; direct measurements of feedstock and water inputs and biogas and liquid biofertilizer yields were conducted using calibrated tools; household surveys (n = 385) and focus group discussions were conducted to examine cooking fuel use and firewood displacement by biogas; indoor emission reductions were estimated using WHO air quality guidelines; methane reductions were calculated using IPCC (2006) methods; and laboratory analysis and field experiments were conducted to assess biofertilizer quality and its effect on maize production. Findings: Organic waste accounted for 99.9% of market waste; biodigester produced 12 m³ of biogas and 548 litres of biofertiliser daily, with an operational efficiency of 57.7%; the plant has the potential to support 13 households with clean cooking fuel, displacing 37.1 tonnes of firewood annually and reducing indoor PM2.5 from over 300 µg/m³ to below 50 µg/m³; the system diverted 50.4 tonnes of organic waste yearly, avoiding 28.05 tonnes of CO₂-equivalent emissions; and the biofertiliser (200.02 m³/year) had the potential to produce 16 tonnes of maize annually, although it performed better under irrigation than rain-fed farming. Conclusion: The Systema 20 biodigester is a promising solution to waste, energy, and environmental challenges at the community level. However, further research is needed to address biodigester efficiency and sustainability bottlenecks. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study offers the first integrated field-based assessment of a market-scale biodigester in Malawi, linking energy production, environment, and food security
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Exploring the role of biogas systems in sustainable waste conversion and household energy supply
Get PDFBackground: Systema 20 Model biodigesters were installed at Tsangano Market in Malawi and are being promoted all over the country. However, there is limited field-based proof to support their technical performance and social and environmental benefits. Therefore, this study assessed the technical performance of the biodigester and its community benefits. Methods: The study used a mixed-methods approach. Waste composition analysis involved randomly collecting and segregating 835.17 kg of market waste to determine its constituents; direct measurements of feedstock and water inputs and biogas and liquid biofertilizer yields were conducted using calibrated tools; household surveys (n = 385) and focus group discussions were conducted to examine cooking fuel use and firewood displacement by biogas; indoor emission reductions were estimated using WHO air quality guidelines; methane reductions were calculated using IPCC (2006) methods; and laboratory analysis and field experiments were conducted to assess biofertilizer quality and its effect on maize production. Findings: Organic waste accounted for 99.9% of market waste; biodigester produced 12 m³ of biogas and 548 litres of biofertiliser daily, with an operational efficiency of 57.7%; the plant has the potential to support 13 households with clean cooking fuel, displacing 37.1 tonnes of firewood annually and reducing indoor PM2.5 from over 300 µg/m³ to below 50 µg/m³; the system diverted 50.4 tonnes of organic waste yearly, avoiding 28.05 tonnes of CO₂-equivalent emissions; and the biofertiliser (200.02 m³/year) had the potential to produce 16 tonnes of maize annually, although it performed better under irrigation than rain-fed farming. Conclusion: The Systema 20 biodigester is a promising solution to waste, energy, and environmental challenges at the community level. However, further research is needed to address biodigester efficiency and sustainability bottlenecks. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study offers the first integrated field-based assessment of a market-scale biodigester in Malawi, linking energy production, environment, and food security
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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