274 research outputs found
“Samą zemstą dusza nie wyżyje...” Vendetta in Henryk Sienkiewicz’s Trilogy
No full textThe article concerns the problem of revenge in Henryk Sienkiewicz’s Trilogy. It was distinguished and described two models of it. The first one is spontaneous, irrational, and emotional; the second one – i.e. clan revenge – is conceptual, and perfectly executed. The article examines such problems as: a circulations of violence, kinds of personal engagements in it (as subject, object and victim), and its effects.Projekt został sfinansowany ze środków Narodowego Centrum Nauki przyznanych na podstawie decyzji numer DEC-2012/06/A/HS2/[email protected] Zalewski, pracuje w Katedrze Teorii Literatury Wydziału Polonistyki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. Autor prac z zakresu krytyki mitograficznej (Powracająca fala. Mityczne konteksty wybranych powieści Bolesława Prusa i Elizy Orzeszkowej, Kraków 2005) oraz intersemiotycznej (Pragnienie, poznanie, przemijanie. Fotograficzne reprezentacje w literaturze polskiej, Kraków 2010). Publikował m.in. w „Pamiętniku Literackim”, „Tekstach Drugich”, „Ruchu Literackim”.Wydział Polonistyki, Uniwersytet Jagielloński153-171915317
Indefinitely about Prus… Review of Cezary Zalewski’s “Bolesław Prus jako estetyk. Sztuki piękne w dyskursie i praktyce prozatorskiej pisarza”
No full textRecenzja naukowa książki Cezarego Zalewskiego o poglądach estetycznych Prusa. Autorka omawia ujęcie Zalewskiego, sytuując książkę na tle dotychczasowych badań prusologicznych. W recenzji został zaprezentowany zamysł Autora, kompozycję książki, materiał.Reviewed of the book by Cezary Zalewski on Bolesław Prus as a aesthetician. The reviewer discusses Zalewski’s approach, locating the book on the background of previous studies on Prus. The review presents the author’s intention, composition of the book, and the material.Publikacja dofinansowana przez katedry literaturoznawcze Instytutu Filologii Polskiej Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Different mirrors. Pseudonarcissistic representations in the poetry of Halina Poświatowska and Wisława Szymborska
No full textThe article analyses and compares two poetical texts written by women. The texts use a motif of
a mirror in both literal and metaphorical way. The author compares H. Poświatowska’s and
W. Szymborska’s poems to question traditional twentieth-century reception of Narcissus’ motive.
The proposal that arises is to see this motive as an illusion. Any woman that watches herself in
a mirror does not seek just for her sight, but also for a sight of “an other” – a man. Quoting these
gives, in the author’s opinion, an argument to say that a woman watching her reflection is not able
to converge the mythical Narcissus’ archer. Appearance of a man that was sought mediates the act
of self-contemplation in which one that was watching gets an access to herself by both body and
mind aspect. The access is possible only under a condition of “sight of an other” mediacy. The
subject in women’s lyrics is liable and dependent on what can be seen as a typical feature of its
modern version. This liability and dependency is being carefully masked in lyrics written by men
that explore the myth of Narcissus
Criminal Biology: On the Proper Place of Science in Explaining the Origin of Crime
No full textThe aim of the paper is to investigate how the influence of biology on human behaviour can be explained in terms of criminal law today. Wojciech Zalewski begins the article by introducing and explaining the grounds for criticism of criminal biology at the beginning of the 20th century. The paper then goes on to outline the criticism of criminal anthropology and the biological approach in Poland. To this end, the author extensively discusses the research of Prof. Adam S. Ettinger and other prominent researchers who rejected entirely endogenous sources of crime. The author also draws our attention to the interest in criminal biology by the leaders of the National Socialist party in Germany in the first half of the 20th century. The paper also discusses the issue of eugenics and the use of its principles worldwide. Moreover, the author discusses the contemporary state of the criminological debate, suggesting that the 20th century should be considered as dominated by the sociological approach in criminology and by a failure of criminological views to influence politicians and penal legislation. In conclusion, Zalewski highlights the contribution of the pioneers of the anthropological approach in criminology and points out that research into the biological causes of crime should be handled with scientific objectivity and, in particular, the influence of the social environment should be taken into account.Celem opracowania jest znalezienie odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak można współcześnie w kategoriach prawnokarnych wyjaśnić wpływ biologii na zachowanie człowieka. Autor tekstu rozpoczyna artykuł od przybliżenia i wyjaśnienia odbiorcom podstaw krytyki biologii kryminalnej na początku XX wieku. Następnie w publikacji prezentowana jest krytyka antropologii kryminalnej i biologicznego podejścia na gruncie polskim. W tym celu autor artykułu szeroko omawia badania profesora Adam S. Ettingera i innych wybitnych badaczy, którzy odrzucali całkowicie endogenne przyczyny przestępczości. Autor tekstu zwraca również uwagę odbiorców na zainteresowanie biologią kryminalną przez przywódców partii narodowosocjalistycznej w Niemczech w I połowie XX wieku. W opracowaniu omówiona została również problematyka eugeniki i wykorzystania jej założeń na świecie. Autor artykuł omawia także współczesny stan debaty kryminologicznej sugerując, że wiek XX należy uznać za zdominowany przez podejście socjologiczne w kryminologii i porażkę wpływu kryminologicznych opinii na polityków i ustawodawstwo karne. W podsumowaniu W. Zalewski uwydatnia wkład pionierów podejścia antropologicznego w kryminologii i podkreśla, że do badań nad biologicznymi przyczynami przestępczości należy podchodzić z naukowym obiektywizmem a zwłaszcza należy zwracać uwagę na wpływ otoczenia społecznego.
The aim of the paper is to investigate how the influence of biology on human behaviour can be explained in terms of criminal law today. Wojciech Zalewski begins the article by introducing and explaining the grounds for criticism of criminal biology at the beginning of the 20th century. The paper then goes on to outline the criticism of criminal anthropology and the biological approach in Poland. To this end, the author extensively discusses the research of Prof. Adam S. Ettinger and other prominent researchers who rejected entirely endogenous sources of crime. The author also draws our attention to the interest in criminal biology by the leaders of the National Socialist party in Germany in the first half of the 20th century. The paper also discusses the issue of eugenics and the use of its principles worldwide. Moreover, the author discusses the contemporary state of the criminological debate, suggesting that the 20th century should be considered as dominated by the sociological approach in criminology and by a failure of criminological views to influence politicians and penal legislation. In conclusion, Zalewski highlights the contribution of the pioneers of the anthropological approach in criminology and points out that research into the biological causes of crime should be handled with scientific objectivity and, in particular, the influence of the social environment should be taken into account
"We do not wish to torment Sienkiewicz" : the reception of Wiry in the Polish press between 1909 and 1916
No full textThe article is a reconstruction of the literary criticisms that appeared in the publication of Wiry, the novel by Henryk Sienkiewicz. It presents both the acclamatory and radically critical reviews. The last part reconstructs the portrait of the author himself, which emerges from the polarized oppositions of a patriot, provocateur and sage-fool
Unknown Medieval Fragments in German from the Ludwik Zalewski Collection at the Polish National Library, Warsaw
No full textAmong others, the Polish National Library possess a collection (MS 8098 IV) encompassing parchment fragments extracted from bookbindings, which contain German texts. This collection was acquired from the family of the deceased bibliophile from Lublin, Father Ludwik Zalewski. The collection consists of eleven parchment leaves, six of which form three bifolia, the other five being small fragments. The collection is known to historians, chiefly due to two of the bifolia, which contain fragments of an Old Saxon translation of the Psalms (Altsächsiche Psalmen). The rest of the fragments, dated chiefly by the author to the fourteenth century, are also of interest. J. Kaliszuk identifies them as belonging to: Der Welsche Gast by Thomasin von Zerklaere, the Christherre-Chronik and the Livländische Reimchronik. The author also demonstrates that this collection was put together by L. Zalewski, hence there is no possibility of tracing the provenance of individual fragments. The article is supplemented by two appendices, the first with codicological descriptions of the complete collection, and the second containing an edition of the letter from Stanisław Tomkowicz, an art historian from Cracow, to Ludwik Zalewski, written in 1916, concerning the fragments in question
"The world has been unhinged" : violence and its representations in Bolesław Prus’s "The children"
No full textThe subject of the present article is the way revolutionary violence is presented in Bolesław Prus’s novel entitled The Children. Momentary and long-term strategies are distinguished. By means of the first of them the author shows executions (military and revolutionary), in which the simplified procedure immediately leads to pronouncing and executing the sentence. The other technique emphasizes the stress on the origin of the acts of violence, analyzing their psychological motifs in detail and their (military or terrorist) preparations
"Wheat and corn cockle" : Biblical intertexts in Bolesław Prus' "The doll"
No full textThe article aims at analyzing the function that Biblical quotations perform in Boleslaw Prus’ The Doll (Lalka). In the first part the author examines the prefigurative potential of the signalled quotations which demarcate the lot of many minor characters (e.g. the Wysocki brothers, baron and baroness Krzeszowscy). The second part discusses so called “acts of quoting” in which intertextual relations are cut down to the scenes the quotations appear (e.g. the walk in Powisle, the events in Skierniewice). In both cases the Bible as well as the theological discourse that interprets it prove to be a functional tool for understanding a number of unclear fragments in Prus’ masterpiece
Dolls, mirrors, obituaries : the motif of photograph in Polish prose in 1863-1939
No full textThe article Dolls, Mirrors, Obituaries analyses the motif of photograph in Polish prose in 1863-1939. The author presents three contexts in which the “prop” is found. Most frequently a photograph has an important function in the protagonists’ love affairs who, seeing the photograph, fall in love or become jealous. Perception of photography carries also an amount of data on the world which gradually reduce and ultimately lead to the recourse to the observed subject. The third context is connected with the tanatological experience of the protagonists: a photo of the deceased may console or conversely - strengthen the belief in fragility of every life
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