113 research outputs found
Temperature influence on the fast pyrolysis of manure samples: Char, bio-oil and gases production
No full textFast pyrolysis characterization of three dry manure samples was studied using a pyrolyzer. A heating rate of 600°C/s and a holding time of 10 s were selected to reproduce industrial conditions. The effect of the peak pyrolysis temperature (600, 800 and 1000°C) on the pyrolysis product yield and composition was evaluated. Char and bio-oil were gravimetrically quantified. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyse the char structure. H2, CH4, CO and CO2 were measured by means of gas chromatography (GC). A decrease in the char yield and an increase of the gas yield were observed when temperature increased. From 800°C on, it was observed that the char yield of samples Dig R and SW were constant, which indicated that the primary devolatilization reactions stopped. This fact was also corroborated by GC analysis. The bio-oil yield slightly increased with temperature, showing a maximum of 20.7 and 27.8 wt.% for samples Pre and SW, respectively, whereas sample Dig R showed a maximum yield of 16.5 wt.% at 800°C. CO2 and CO were the main released gases whereas H2 and CH4 production increased with temperature. Finally, an increase of char porosity was observed with temperature.Energy TechnologyLarge Scale Energy Storag
Anteproyecto de diseño Bio-sustentable para la readecuación y ampliación del cementerio "San Luis de Cumbe" del Gad parroquial de Cumbe
No full textEl anteproyecto de diseño bio-sustentable para la readecuación y ampliación del cementerio “San Luis de Cumbe”, surge por la iniciativa del GAD Parroquial de Cumbe y el autor de este trabajo investigativo, para realizar el estudio técnico arquitectónico en el espacio que se ha visto afectado por la carencia de área, presenta una desorganización en la distribución de tumbas y bóvedas que alberga el cementerio. Por ese motivo se imposibilita cumplir con las necesidades de inhumación que presenta la población. Para el correcto análisis y diseño final se ha realizado una recopilación de información en el área de estudio mediante visitas de campo, encuestas realizadas a los moradores, recolección de información bibliográfica relacionada con el sitio y tema de investigación, para determinar las necesidades de la población. El propósito de la intervención es mejorar su actual aspecto y generar espacios de inhumación que cubra la tasa de mortalidad que existe en la Parroquia; tomando en cuenta elementos bio-sustentables que ayudan al medio ambiente utilizando los recursos naturales de una forma responsable.The proposed draft for a bio-sustainable upgrade and expansion design for the cemetery "San Luis de Cumbe", which arises from an initiative of the GAD of the Cumbe Parish and the author of this research paper, to perform a technical and architectonic study of the space that has been hit by the lack of areas, presenting a disruption in the distribution of tombs and vaults which hosts the cemetery. For this reason, it is impossible to meet the needs of burial of the current population. For an appropriate analysis the compilation of information for the final design has been made in the area of study through field visits, surveys carried out with the residents, gathering bibliographic information related to the site and research topic, identifying the needs of the population. The purpose of the intervention is to improve its current aspect and create spaces for burial that cover the death rate that exists in the Parish; considering bio-sustainable elements that help the environment by using natural resources in a responsible way
Design framework for a bio-inspired adaptive wingtip using bend-twist coupled composites
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Previous issue date: 2019-07-18Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 112984
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 112984 on 2021-11-27T10:15:30Z.Inspired by the shape adaption of a bird’s wing during flight, this work presents a bio-inspired wingtip concept leveraging bend-twist coupling (BTC) in composite laminates. The structural characteristics, incidence angle and dihedral angle, of a bird’s wingtip feathers, adapt and change configurations for optimal flight performance. It has been successfully shown by the author, by varying the BTC parameter, a passively adaptive BTC composite wingtip can simultaneously achieve the required bending (dihedral angle) and twist (incidence angle).
This thesis presents a design optimization framework for a composite wingtip. The BTC behavior is investigated by analytical methods, numerical modeling, and experimentation. A Laplace transform method was applied to derive the analytical Green’s functions corresponding to the bending displacement and twist. Additionally, using ANSYS APDL, a nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) was performed. The numerical and analytical results were then compared to previously published experimental data. The analytical model matched the experimental results in the linear region of the deflection and twist response. The error in bending and twist were 6.5% and 2.5%, respectively. The FEA results compared to experimental data had an error in bending and twist of 2.9% and 5.7%, respectively, in the nonlinear region.
Next, the thesis presents a multi-objective design optimization framework using an elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The objectives of the design optimization were to determine the fiber orientation angles required to achieve the desired bending and twist deformation. The composite fiber angles were set as the design parameter, while the number of laminates and their thickness were held constant. The optimization framework was validated using published data and a problem formulation is presented to design an optimal composite wingtip. In this thesis, an optimal BTC composite wingtip was designed, manufactured and physically tested. The optimal design based on Green’s functions achieved a bending displacement and twist with an error of 10.7% and 2.0%, respectively. The formulated design framework using the analytical Green’s functions provide a time-efficient tool to design optimal composite wingtips. It was shown that BTC composite wingtips can be optimally designed to achieve passive shape adaption useful for improvements in the aerodynamic performance of aircraft systems.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-08-01The student, Luis Urrutia, accepted the attached license on 2019-07-17 at 22:37.The student, Luis Urrutia, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-07-17 at 22:59.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-07-18 at 11:38.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14374 on 2019-11-26 at 13:06:1
Bio-culturality and ‘Homo demens’. Two milestones of complex Anthropology
Full text linkLa antropología compleja que el «pensador» francés Edgar Morin ha ido pergeñando a lo largo de su extensa obra tiene, entre otras, dos pretensiones nucleares: una, reintegrar y enraizar lo humano en lo biológico y en su animalidad; la otra, mostrar la dimensión demens generalmente soslayada de homo sapiens sapiens. Este artículo expone estas dos pretensiones de la antropología moriniana. A partir de la etología, la primatología, la prehistoria y de una lectura «complejizada» del proceso de hominización, Morin desemboca en una visión del hombre basada en la súper e hiperanimalidad humana, en la bioculturalidad definidora de lo humano y en la demencia consustancial a éste. Nuestro autor considera al cerebro como el epicentro organizativo de las diversas esferas constitutivas del universo antropológico y establece una relación entre la hipercomplejidad cerebral y la demencia constitutiva del ser humano.The complex anthropology that the french «thinker» Edgar Morin created during his extensive career has, among others, two central aims: first, to reintegrate and root the human condition in the biological and animal world; second, to show the demens dimension, generally ignored in homo sapiens sapiens. This article discusses these two aims of Morin's anthropology. Starting from ethology, primatology, prehistory, and a «complexified» reading of the hominisation process, Morin ends up in a vision of man based on a human super- and hyper-animality, on the bio-culturality defining the human condition, and on the dementia consubstantial to the human condition. The author considers the brain to be the organizational epicentre of these diverse spheres, constitutive of the anthropological universe. He also establishes a relationship among the hyper-complexity of the brain and the constitutive dementia of the human being.Grupo de Investigación Antropología y Filosofía (SEJ-126). Universidad de Granad
O valor da ultra-sonografia no diagnóstico e classificação das rupturas do manguito rotador
No full textObjetivo - A ultra-sonografia do ombro é um dos exames de imagem que pode ser solicitado na suspeita de rupturas do manguito rotador. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a sensibilidade, a especificidade, a acurácia e a concordância da ultra-sonografia quando comparada à artroscopia do ombro. Metodologia - Foi realizado um estudo transversal baseado numa coleta retrospectiva dos dados de 230 pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico para correção de rupturas dos tendões do manguito rotador, realizado nos últimos oito anos no Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS, cuja investigação prévia foi baseada exclusivamente na ultra-sonografia. Todos os exames ultra-sonográficos foram realizados pelo o mesmo radiologista, assim como todas as artroscopias foram executadas pelo autor da pesquisa. As lesöes do manguito rotador foram descritas na ultra-sonografia, divididas em dois tipos, parcial e completo, e classificadas conforme o grau com base na escala de Ellman para as rupturas parciais e de Neer para as rupturas completas. Estas descrições foram comparadas com os achados da artroscopia, considerada como padrão ouro. Resultados - A análise dos resultados descritos na ultra-sonografia quando comparados à artroscopia demonstrou uma acurácia de 85,2%, com coeficiente Kappa de 0,59 (concordância moderada). A sensibilidade verificada para as rupturas completas do manguito rotador foi de 93,5% com uma especificidade de 62. 3%. Conclusão - Conclui-se que a ultra-sonografia pode ser utilizada para auxiliar no diagnóstico, bem como para classificar as lesões do manguito rotador.Objective: Ultrasonography scans of the shoulder are frequently performed to investigate rotator cuff ruptures. The objective of this study was to analyze sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and agreement of this diagnostic tool when compared to arthroscopy of the shoulder. Methodology: A retrospective study based in a series of 230 patients submitted to surgical treatment for correction of rotator cuff ruptures performed in the last eight years at the Hospital São Lucas of PUCRS, where previous investigations relied exclusively on ultrasonography, was carried out. The exams were all made by the same medical professional while all the surgical procedures were performed by the same surgeon which is the author of the research. The injuries of the rotator cuff were classified sonographically in partial and complete ruptures. The Ellman classification was then applied to the first group while the second was classified according to Neer. These findings were sequentially compared to the results of arthroscopy which was considered the gold standard. Results: The analysis of the results demonstrated an accuracy of 85,2% with Kappa coefficient of 0,59 and a moderate agreement. The sensitivity verified for the complete ruptures of the rotator cuff was 93,5% with a specificity of 62,3%. Conclusion: We concluded that ultrasonography is a useful tool for the diagnosis of rotator cuff ruptures, as well as to define and classify the lesions
On Fernando's Photograph: The Biopolitics of Aparicion in Contemporary Argentina
No full textThis article concerns the striking photograph of a young man, Fernando Brodsky, taken shortly after he was kidnapped in Argentina in 1979. Brodsky was detained in the notorious Escuela de la Armada (ESMA) in Buenos Aires, and remains disappeared. The negative of the photograph was smuggled out of ESMA and the image became part of a bundle of photographic evidence submitted by families of the disappeared during the trials of the military after the return to democracy in 1983. This article seeks to under- stand the vitality of the photograph, the different courses it takes, the archives it joins and leaves, asking: ‘What sort of life can the photograph have? What sort of desire? What sort of politics?’ The article proposes that we might consider the role of such images ‘biopolitically’, which is to say in the context of the relations established through the attempts to govern populations in times of military rule and in times of transitional democracy. The re-appearance of Fernando in the photograph is part of post-dictator- ship politics in which the demand ‘aparición’ resounds. Fernando, an absolute witness who does not, who cannot, speak nevertheless re-appears in the law courts and in art exhibitions. The article considers the difference between the photograph’s appearance as evidence and its reappearance in the art galleries, arguing that its ‘desires’ can be imagined differently in each. The article argues that while the photograph does not escape archives tout court, in raising the question of how it should be filed, it prompts reflec- tion on the biopolitical present, with its inequitable distribution of life and security among populations. This is a politics of the present, more than it is a politics of memory
Bibliographics for the 983 eprints in the live archives of E-LIS : trends and status report up to 7th July 2004, based on author-self-archiving metadata
Full text linkThe priority for ideas and philosophy related to "Network Theory" have been traced back and documented by Braun(2004),and credit goes to Karinthy(1929).The IT has empowered to realise it, as the most practical phenomena and it is no more a humour. The OAI (Open Archives Initiatives)and ACIS (Academic Contributor Information System)are progressive in the direction ,which may lead to realise the "Collective Genius" at global level. Focus of present study is on Author-Self-Archiving (A-S-A)Metadata of the 983 Eprints in the Live Archives of the E-LIS (EPrints of Library and Information Science),which were approved till 7th July 2004.The A-S-A Metadata was used for librametric analysis. Self-explanatory bibliographics are illustrated.The highlights include: Conference papers (34%); highest approval, June 2004 (28%); published archives (76%);not refereed (52%); not in public domain (60%); highest self-archiving-author (De Robbio, Antonella).The Nos. of EPrints having single JITA domain specifications were: Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information(27); Information use and sociology of information(80);Users,literacy and reading(13);Libraries as physical collections(30);Publishing and legal issues(57);Management(13);Industry, profession and education(36);Information sources, supports, channels(113) ; Information treatment for information services, Information functions and techniques (101); Technical services libraries, archives and museums(25); Housing technologies(1); Information technology and library technology(92); and Inter-domainery (395) i.e. having specifications of two or more than two JITA classes
Design framework for a bio-inspired adaptive wingtip using bend-twist coupled composites
No full textInspired by the shape adaption of a bird’s wing during flight, this work presents a bio-inspired wingtip concept leveraging bend-twist coupling (BTC) in composite laminates. The structural characteristics, incidence angle and dihedral angle, of a bird’s wingtip feathers, adapt and change configurations for optimal flight performance. It has been successfully shown by the author, by varying the BTC parameter, a passively adaptive BTC composite wingtip can simultaneously achieve the required bending (dihedral angle) and twist (incidence angle).
This thesis presents a design optimization framework for a composite wingtip. The BTC behavior is investigated by analytical methods, numerical modeling, and experimentation. A Laplace transform method was applied to derive the analytical Green’s functions corresponding to the bending displacement and twist. Additionally, using ANSYS APDL, a nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) was performed. The numerical and analytical results were then compared to previously published experimental data. The analytical model matched the experimental results in the linear region of the deflection and twist response. The error in bending and twist were 6.5% and 2.5%, respectively. The FEA results compared to experimental data had an error in bending and twist of 2.9% and 5.7%, respectively, in the nonlinear region.
Next, the thesis presents a multi-objective design optimization framework using an elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The objectives of the design optimization were to determine the fiber orientation angles required to achieve the desired bending and twist deformation. The composite fiber angles were set as the design parameter, while the number of laminates and their thickness were held constant. The optimization framework was validated using published data and a problem formulation is presented to design an optimal composite wingtip. In this thesis, an optimal BTC composite wingtip was designed, manufactured and physically tested. The optimal design based on Green’s functions achieved a bending displacement and twist with an error of 10.7% and 2.0%, respectively. The formulated design framework using the analytical Green’s functions provide a time-efficient tool to design optimal composite wingtips. It was shown that BTC composite wingtips can be optimally designed to achieve passive shape adaption useful for improvements in the aerodynamic performance of aircraft systems.U of I OnlyAuthor requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD syste
Potential of 2-Hydroxyacetophenone Derivatives and Simple Phenol's for the control of Meloidogyne javanica
No full text© The Author(s) 2024. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
Request permissions for this article.Objective: In this study, a series of synthetic hydroxylated (5-10) and prenylated (10-17) acetophenones, chalcones (18-20) and a flavone (21) have been synthesized and evaluated on the nematode Meloidogyne javanica. Additional phenolic compounds, including salicylic acid, isopropyl salicylate, thymol, carvacrol, cumic acid, eugenol, vanillin, and vanillic acid (22-29), were also tested. Methods: Compounds 5-21 have been synthesized by a sequence of reactions and were isolated and identified by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HRMS. The in vitro nematicidal effects of the compounds were tested on J2 juveniles. The nematicidal activity was confirmed by their egg hatching inhibition effects, tested at the minimum lethal concentration (minimum dose to give 100% J2 mortality). Results: Compounds 5-18 have been previously reported and 19-21 are described here for the first time. The 2´-hydroxylated acetophenones (5-9) showed strong nematicidal effects, being 7-9 the most active. Salicylic (22) and cumic (26) acids were effective compounds. Compounds 7, 12, 22-26, active on M. javanica J2 juveniles, were also egg hatching inhibitors. Conclusions: A C-2/C-4 dihydroxylation or C-2/C-4/C-3 trihydroxylation of the acetophenone moiety improved the activity, while introducing a hydrophilic isoprene chain (10-17) eliminated the effect, with only one prenylated acetophenone (12) being active. Among the additional phenolic compounds (22-29), these with a carboxyl group instead of the acyl side were better nematicides. These results generate molecular leads for developing new nematicidal phenolic compounds.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work has been supported by grants ICOOP-CSIC: COOPA20324L, Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Minciencias and Universidad de Antioquia, grant number 111571249860-061-2016, contract 061-2016A and grant PID2019-106222RB-C31/SRA (Agencia Española de Investigación AEI, 10.13039/501100011033). Minciencias and Universidad de Antioquia scholarship in Doctorados Nacionales Program, 647-2014 was granted to Luis Alberto González López.Peer reviewe
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