1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Impact des sons anthropiques (battage de pieu, forage et sons de bateau) sur le développement d'espèces modèles composants le biofilm marin
Get PDFRÉSUMÉ : La colonisation effrénée d'organismes benthiques sur des surfaces submergées, aussi appelée biofouling, est une problématique largement répandue dans l'industrie maritime et en aquaculture. L'installation du biofouling débute par un biofilm benthique composé d'un assemblage complexe de communautés microbiennes, bactériennes et de diatomées benthiques, appelé microfouling, sur lequel les invertébrés (macrofouling) se fixent et se développent. Les larves d'invertébrés peuvent utiliser les paysages acoustiques naturels pour s'orienter vers la côte et s'établir dans un habitat optimal. Les sons anthropiques puissants issus de nos activités maritimes sont encore peu étudiés alors que ce sont des milieux où le biofouling cohabite avec des environnements très sonores. Ce projet vise à évaluer l'effet du son de battage de pieux, de forage et de bateau sur des espèces modèles associées au micro et au macrofouling. Dans un premier temps, le développement du biofilm de Navicula pelliculosa et Amphora coffeaeformis a été évalué, puis, le développement larvaire de la moule bleue (Mytilus edulis) a été suivi du stade véligère au stade post-larvaire. Les larves de moules et les diatomées ont été exposées 12 h par jour dans des bassins (LARVOSONIC) conçus pour atténuer la résonance sonore. Tous les sons anthropiques testés ont induit un amincissement du biofilm chez N. pelliculosa caractérisée par une concentration plus faible en microalgues. Le bruit de forage a eu un effet plus important sur l'épaisseur du biofilm, mais aussi sur les larves de moules, réduisant de manière significative le taux de fixation des pédivéligères ainsi que le taux de filtration des post-larves (de 70.4%). La taille des recrues était également réduite lorsque celles-ci sont exposées au son de forage par rapport au son contrôle. Contrairement à nos attentes, le son de battage de pieux a eu tendance à augmenter (P=0.077) le recrutement des larves de 22 % et le son de bateau n'a pas accéléré la fixation ni stimulé le recrutement des larves. Le bruit du forage a généré un environnement acoustique stressant et les post-larves de moules semblaient maintenir leurs valves fermées et conserver leur énergie. Tous les résultats sont discutés afin d'identifier les causes potentielles et les mécanismes impliqués dans ces impacts de l'anthropophonie sur l'écologie des larves et la dynamique du microfouling. -- Mot(s) clé(s) en français : bioacoustique, biofouling, sons anthropiques, diatomées benthiques, développement larvaire, fixation. --
ABSTRACT : The uncontrolled colonization of benthic organisms on submerged surfaces, also called biofouling, causes severe damages in the shipping and the aquaculture industries. Biofouling starts with a benthic biofilm composed of a complex assemblage of microbes, bacteria and benthic diatoms, called microfouling, on which macrofouling invertebrate species settle and grow. Invertebrate larvae may use natural soundscapes to orientate inshore and choose their optimal habitat. Recent studies have demonstrated that boat and ship sounds enhanced the larval settlement and growth of several invertebrate species associated to biofouling such as mussels. Among invertebrates, effects of sound generated by offshore human activities are still poorly studied. This project aims to assess the effect of pile driving, drilling and boat sounds on model species associated to micro and macrofouling. First, the biofilm development of Navicula pelliculosa and Amphora coffeaeformis was assessed, then, the larval development of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) was evaluated from the D-veliger to the postlarval stage. Mussel larvae and microalgae were exposed 12 h each day in tanks (LARVOSONIC) adapted to sound experiments under controlled conditions. All anthropogenic sounds induced a thinner N. pelliculosa biofilm coupled with a lower microalgae concentration. The drilling sound had a stronger effect on the biofilm thickness. The drilling sound significantly reduced the pediveliger settlement and the postlarvae clearance rate by 70.4 % and tended to diminish the settler sizes compared to control sound. Contrary to our expectation, pile driving tended to enhance larval recruitment by 22 % (P=0.077) and the boat sound did not stimulate larval settlement nor recruitment. Drilling sound generated a stressful acoustic environment for pediveliger settlement and postlarvae seem to maintain their shell valves closed to preserve energy. All results are discussed to identify potential causes and mechanisms involved in these impacts of anthropophony on larval ecology and microfouling dynamics. -- Mot(s) clé(s) en anglais : bioacoustic, biofouling, anthropogenic sounds, benthic diatoms, larval development, settlement
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
