1,721,027 research outputs found
Di alcune recenti intersezioni baltistiche
No full textThe paper deals with the most recent research activities of the Center for Baltic Studies at the University of Pis
A proposito di indefinitezza nei costrutti numerali lettoni
No full textThis paper focuses on the syntactic alternation between Latvian constructions like (1) man ir desmit lati «I have ten ‘lats’» and (2) man ir desmit latu «id.». Quite recently, Menantaud (2011) suggested comparing this alternation with similar constructions in Polish: (3) dwaj panowie spali «deux messieurs dormaient» and (4) dwóch panów spało «id.». According to his hypothesis, the constructions with the genitive – i.e. (2) and (4) – may have been used in the past in order to “exprimer l’indéfinitude”. Here the author first of all shows that Latvian and Polish phenomena should be considered separately (§3), then he focuses on Latvian and points out the main difficulties in accepting Menantaud’s proposals (§4). Finally, a different perspective is adopted (§5): through a comparison with Lithuanian (where only constructions with the genitive are admitted) and with other classic and modern IE languages, Cerri suggests regarding (2) as an instance of the partitive construction (cf. Greenberg 1978, 1989). This was possibly the original syntactic pattern for round numerals in different IE languages, but it tended to be replaced by non-partitive constructions (cf. Corbett 1978a, 1978b). This tendency produced the coexistence of forms like (1) and (2) which seem to be – in Modern as well as in Old Latvian – essentially synonymous
K. Donelaičio Metų tikriniai vardai kitose kalbose: vertimo strategijų palyginimas
No full textThe inventory of proper names in Kristijonas Donelaitis’ poem Metai (The Seasons) is particularly rich and uneven. This peculiarity was observed from the first editions of the poem, although the topic remains largely unexplored, especially when one takes into account its translations into other languages.
In the article 10 different translations are examined. The first part of the article is devoted to a discussion of the general features of the poem’s proper names. A classification is also proposed which could help in understanding the different solutions adopted by translators. It is possible to distinguish four classes: names indicating well-known entities which belong to the common cultural background of the author and the reader; popular names for which an equivalent exists in the translation language; uncommon names without equivalents; surnames.
In sections 2 and 3 an analysis of the translation strategies adopted by different translators is discussed, paying particular attention to the processes of adaptation, cultural substitution, loan trans- lation, invention of new names and names exchange. The different approaches and methodologies are illustrated and compared. Such a comparison allows for classification of the examined translations from the more adaptive to the more preservative.
In general, all the translators tried to convey both the connotative and denotative content of proper names. Still, differences arise because of an unresolved question: what is the denotative content of proper names in translation? Instead of a general answer, I suggest considering each individual example and giving priority to the main function according to the author’s intentions
Apie baltišką ir slavišką rankos pavadinimą
Full text link[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
This paper focuses on the common Balto-Slavic term for “hand.” This somatonym is quite peculiar; despite the importance of its referent, it is not possible to reconstruct a common IE. root for “hand.” Here, the main extant etymological hypotheses on the Balto-Slavic forms are discussed.
Special attention is paid to a less-known hypothesis, accounting for these forms as a direct reflex of IE. *penkwe. Horowitz (1992) believes that the original meaning of this lexeme was “hand,” and that it had only later shifted to “5.” This reconstruction would provide a direct etymological/semantical connection between the somatonym and the numeral, which parallels similar cases in many of the world’s languages. I will point out the reasons why such an etymology would be tempting and, at the same time, a number of crucial difficulties that should lead to its rejection. The traditional connection with the activity of collecting (Lith. riñkti) still remains the more plausible hypothesis; however, other explanations are also theoretically valid. Some final remarks are proposed that suggest regarding these forms as a Baltic innovation. Innovative aspects are found (i) in the semantic scope of these words (from the shoulder to the fingertips) and (ii) in the absence of a gender opposition between the hand and the foot (gender opposition being an archaic feature). The action of collecting may be regarded as a case of global etymology, i.e., a root shared by several macro-families. Conversely, the root *(w)renk- is attested only in Baltic languages (Lithuanian). So, it is reasonable to believe that the somatonym originated in the Baltic and was later borrowed by the Slavic during the period of maximum proximity between these people.[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]
Straipsnyje diskutuojama apie baltams ir slavams bendrą rankos pavadinimą. Šis kūno dalies pavadinimas (somatonimas) neįprastas tuo, kad negalima rekonstruoti jo indoeuropietiškosios protoformos. Tai reiškia, kad bendro indoeuropiečių rankos pavadinimo nėra arba jis nėra išlikęs, o baltų ir slavų kalbos turi savarankiškas formas, kurios skiriasi nuo kitų indoeuropiečių kalbų.
Antrame straipsnio skirsnyje apžvelgiamos pagrindinės baltų ir slavų rankos pavadinimo etimologinės hipotezės. Ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas mažiau žinomai hipotezei, kuri aptariamas formas kildina iš indoeuropietiškosios leksemos *penkwe. Franklino Horowitzo (1992) teigimu, šios leksemos pirminė reikšmė buvo ‘ranka’ ir tik vėliau leksema įgijo reikšmę ‘5’. Minėtas paaiškinimas galėtų atskleisti akivaizdų somatonimo ir skaitvardžio etimologinį / semantinį ryšį, tokį, koks pastebimas daugelyje pasaulio kalbų. Tačiau diskusijoje nurodoma, kad šiam etimologiniam spėjimui pagrįsti kyla tiek fonologinių, tiek darybinių sunkumų. Daroma prielaida, kad Horowitzo hipotezei negalima pritarti. Antra vertus, kitos straipsnyje apžvelgiamos hipotezės lieka tikėtinos. Ypač klasikinė hipotezė (lie. rankà < riñkti), kuriai galima rasti nominacijos paralelių kitose ide. kalbose.
Paskutiniame skirsnyje teigiama, kad straipsnyje nagrinėjamas somatonimas laikytinas baltiška inovacija. Novatoriški aspektai yra: i) leksemos semantinė apimtis (nuo peties iki pirštų galų), mat tai – išimtis ide. kalbose (plg. Brown 2005), ii) tarp leksemų ranka ir koja nėra giminės opozicijos, plg. ši opozicija vyrauja įvairiose ide. Kalbose ir yra laikoma archajišku bruožu. Inovacija laikytina baltiška forma, nes daugelyje pasaulio kalbų reikšmei ‘rinkti’ galima rekonstruoti bendrą šaknį (plg. Alinei 1996, 525–526), o šaknis *(w)renk- liudyta tik baltų kalbose (tiksliau – lietuvių kalboje). Todėl somatonimą, sukurtą šios šaknies pagrindu, slavai tikriausiai pasiskolino baltų ir slavų bendrystės laikotarpiu iš baltų (plg. Sabaliauskas 1966, 10)
Lietuvių literatūros vertimai į italų kalbą: dešimtmečio apžvalga (2008–2018)
Full text link[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]
Straipsnyje pristatoma pastarojo dešimtmečio (2008–2018 m.) vertimų iš lietuvių į italų kalbą apžvalga. Visi autoriui žinomi lietuvių kūrinių vertimai į italų kalbą apžvelgiami pagal žanrus: proza, poezija, eseistika ir dramaturgija. Analizė atskleidė, kad poezija yra labiausiai verčiamas žanras, tačiau per nagrinėjamą laikotarpį buvo išleisti ir keli reikšmingi romanai bei esė. Analizėje nustatytas terminus post quem – 2007 m.: tais metais Lietuva buvo Turino knygų mugės garbės viešnia. Šia apžvalga siekiama ne tik atnaujinti duomenis apie lietuvių literatūrą Italijoje, bet ir aptarti dabartinę jos padėtį. Iš statistinių duomenų įžvelgiama teigiama tendencija, t. y. pastebimas nuolatinis išverstų kūrinių skaičiaus augimas. Pažymėtina, kad per pastaruosius penkerius metus buvo išversta beveik dvigubai daugiau negu per 2005– 2008 m. Tačiau tai, kad nuolat auga vertimų, o ne nuolatinių vertėjų skaičius, byloja, kad tokie rezultatai buvo pasiekti ne dėl išorinių įvykių, bet dėl kelių atsidavusių, nenuilstančių vertėjų darbo
Translating From Lithuanian Into Italian: Five Years After Turin 2007
No full textThis report deals with the most recent translations from Lithuanian into Italian. The focus is the years 2008-2012. All the translations which appeared in this period are reviewed with two objectives in mind: a) to update the data; b) to analyse the situation after the 2007 Turin Book Fair, where Lithuania was the Guest of Honor. The analysis suggests both negative and positive conclusions. Compared to the period 2005-2008, there was a drop in the number of translations. This may have been a natural effect after the quick growth due to the Fair; however, the drop in translations can also be largely attributed to the economical crisis. In fact, the 2011 Bologna Children’s Book Fair did not cause the same surge in the market of translation. Regrettably, some translators who worked in the pre-Turin years have not continued; thus, the small number of translators is currently a problem. On the other hand, there are also positive signals. Several important and high-quality translations have appeared recently. The efforts of the few main translators have even increased over the years and, finally, some new translators and new publishing companies are slowly emerging
Le stagioni
No full textIl volume presenta la prima edizione italiana completa del capolavoro della letteratura lituana, il poema settecentesco Metai del pastore luterano Kristijonas Donelaitis (1714-1780). L’opera, scritta in esametri, si compone di quattro canti dedicati alle stagioni dell’anno per un totale di 2968 versi. Metai è la prima composizione della letteratura lituana a tema profano e riveste un’importanza enorme per lo sviluppo della lingua letteraria lituana moderna. Nel libro Le stagioni, tradotto e curato da A. Cerri, oltre alla traduzione metrica del poema con testo a fronte si trovano un capitolo introduttivo dedicato alla vita e all’opera di K. Donelaitis, la traduzione di sei favole poetiche in esametri, la traduzione di tre poesie d’occasione composte in tedesco, l’apparato di note, una raccolta delle traduzioni italiane (parziali) precedentemente pubblicate, la bibliografia
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