1,720,987 research outputs found
Emissions of ultrafine and nanoparticle size fractions from industrial and residential heating sources
No full textAn overview of nitrogen oxides emissions from biomass combustion for domestic heat production
Full text linkIn order to fulfill the European Union's climate and energy goals, the heating and cooling sector must cut its use of fossil fuels. Solid biomass can constitute an alternative to fossil fuels as a renewable and carbon-neutral source of energy but there are some aspects to biomass combustion in small-scale domestic appliances that can compromise the environmental sustainability of this renewable energy source in terms of burden on air quality. The priority pollutants in this respect are particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. While particulate matter emissions are often discussed, nitrogen oxides emissions from domestic heating appliances are relatively less in the center of attention. The aim of the present study is to review the literature regarding the nitrogen oxides emissions from this emission source discussing the main formation mechanisms and the state-of-the-art control techniques, as well as the influence of fuel composition (especially fuel bound nitrogen), heating appliance type and operating conditions with the help of the gathered experimental emission factors data. The review crosslinks several aspects usually treated separately in scientific papers (e.g., only laboratory tests with basic theory or only field tests on emission levels etc.), providing thus a quick reference tool to the state-of-the-art knowledge on this topic
Do the non-co2 climate forcers offset the co2 benefit of biomass use for residential heating?
No full textThe climate relevance of non-CO2 emission levels from small appliances burning wood and pellet in the residential sector has been assessed using data for the combustion of woody biomasses and global warming potential (GWP) taken from the literature, considering a short reference period (20-years) where very strong emission reductions should be implemented to stay within the Paris Agreement targets. CO2equivalent emissions from CH4, N2O and short-lived gases and aerosols (CO, NOx, NMVOC, black carbon and organic carbon) emitted by small appliances in Lombardy is 1% of total CO2eq in the region (in a 20-year reference period), and offsets half of the CO2 uptake during the growth of the same amount of biomass burnt. Results show that the use of biomass in these appliances instead of natural gas does not have any benefits in terms of CO2 equivalent emissions reduction if 20 years is considered. Although from one side the uncertainties associated with GWP are large and EFs are based on a limited number of appliances and fuel types, other approach (i.e. dynamic life cycle) could lead to yet lower GHG benefits from biomass use that reinforce the conclusion of this work based on the role of non-CO2 forcers
Processi e tecnologie impiantistiche per il controllo degli odori negli impianti di trattamento delle acque di scarico
No full textDiode laser treatment is effective for plaque-like lichen planus of the tongue: a case report.
No full textLichen planus is a chronic mucocutaneous disease that
often affects the oral mucosa and tongue, without involving
the skin. It affects 1–2% of the general population. Its cause
is unknown in most cases. It is classifiable by several
clinical features. The atrophic and erosive forms may be
painful. The reticular and plaque-like forms are the most
common, affecting almost 60% of patients. The most
frequently affected site is the tongue [1]. The diagnosis
relies on clinical and histological evidence in association
with direct immunofluorescence. OLP treatment depends
on the related symptoms. Numerous drugs have been used
with variable results, but topical corticosteroids remain the
mainstay of therapy [2]. The use of laser therapies in the
oral cavity has also gained acceptance for the treatment of
premalignant oral lesions, such as leukoplakia. Many types
of laser are now available. Mona Soliman [3] and Cafaro
[4] reported using the diode laser on OLP. Here, the authors
describe a case of OLP characterized by raised, plaque-like,
keratotic lesions on the dorsum of the tongue that proved
refractory to conventional therapy, but were effectively treated with the diode laser with no clinical evidence of
recurrence 18.6 months after starting the laser treatment
Emissions of ultrafine and nanoparticle size fractions from industrial sources and residential heating appliances
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
