1,720,972 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Olfactory Function and Age: a Sniffin’ Sticks Extended Test Study Performed in Sardinia
No full textIntroduction: Several studies evaluated the influence of cultural components on the Sniffin’ Sticks Identification Test in different countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the olfactory function in a large sample of healthy subjects living in Sardinia, an island known for its historic genetic isolation, in relation to different age ranges to provide new data in healthy Sardinian subjects. Methods: Olfactory perception of 161 participants (108 females and 53 males; age range 19–78 years) was assessed through three different parameters: odor detection threshold, discrimination, and identification by means of the Sniffin’Sticks Extended test (SST). Results: Our results show that young adults were generally normosmic, while in subjects over 55, a statistically significant age-related decrease of all the parameters was observed. Regarding odor identification task, a few, such as leather, apples, lemons, cloves, and pineapples, were frequently incorrectly identified by participants probably due to the similarities between the odors and distractors. Conclusion and Implications: Our data provide a comprehensive evaluation of the three olfactory components in the Sardinian population and confirm a decrease in the odor detection threshold, discrimination and identification as well as in the global TDI score in subjects over 55 years of age. These results may be useful in providing normative values for routine clinical use of the SSET in Sardinian subjects
Perception of phasic pain is modulated by smell and taste
No full textBACKGROUND: Pain perception is a multimodal experience composed of sensory, emotional and cognitive dimensions. Accumulating evidence suggests that the chemical senses can influence pain perception, but their relation with phasic pain is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of smell and taste having different valence on phasic pain. METHODS: Twenty-eight healthy volunteers received sweet, bitter and neutral odors or gustatory substances while receiving painful stimuli consisting of electrical shocks. Tactile threshold, pain threshold and pain tolerance were collected using the psychophysical method of limits at baseline and in association with smell and taste. Perception of pain intensity and unpleasantness was measured with a numerical rating scale. RESULTS: Sweet smell induced lower ratings of pain intensity than bitter smell when stimuli were delivered at pain threshold. Sweet smell also induced lower ratings of pain unpleasantness than neutral smell when stimuli were delivered at pain tolerance. Sweet taste induced lower ratings of pain unpleasantness than bitter taste when stimuli were delivered at pain threshold. Conversely, pain threshold and pain tolerance per se were not affected by smell and taste. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight an effect of sweet substances in reducing the subjective perception of pain intensity and unpleasantness associated to phasic pain. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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