1,720,967 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Detecting ear lesions in slaughtered pigs through open-source convolutional neural networks
No full textBackground: Ear biting is a damaging behavior of pigs, likely triggered by a genetic predisposition, previous health issues and/or poor environmental conditions. The accurate assessment of animal health and welfare relies on the systematic gathering of data about animals, resources and management. In this respect, slaughterhouse surveys offer valuable insights, as distinct tail and skin lesions can act as ‘iceberg’ parameters, suitable to estimate welfare during the entire animals’ lifecycle. However, the routine recording of lesions is often costly and time-consuming, making it unfeasible in high-throughput abattoirs. This study aims to train open-source convolutional neural networks for detecting ear biting lesions in slaughtered pigs, as a pre-requisite for a systematic and cost-effective welfare monitoring. Results: A total of 3,140 pictures were employed to train and test open-source convolutional neural networks. Investigations were carried out by three veterinarians, who agreed to assess porcine ears using a simplified method, to minimize inter-observers’ variability and to facilitate the convolutional neural networks’ training: a) healthy auricles (label 0); deformed auricles displaying alterations in their contour due to real lesions (label 1); postmortem artefacts due to slaughtering (label 2). The entire dataset (training set and test set) was evaluated by one observer, while a supplementary set of 150 pictures was assessed by all veterinarians. Overall, the agreement among observers was very high (Cohen’s kappa coefficient > 0.88). Moreover, convolutional neural networks’ performances appeared suitable when compared with veterinarians: overall accuracy 0.89, specificity 0.96, sensitivity 0.86, agreement with each individual observer 0.79 (Cohen’s kappa coefficient). Conclusions: Open-source convolutional neural networks can achieve good performances, especially when the task is strictly defined and rather easy. Valuable experiences are being gathered about the routine application of artificial intelligence-powered tools in pig abattoirs. We consider that such tools will likely enable the systematic collection of data, addressing the distinct needs of stakeholders in a cost-effective manner
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Identity crisis in Toni Morrison's "The Bluest Eye" and "Sula"
No full textThe Bluest Eye und Sula sind die ersten beiden Romane, die Toni Morrison in den 1970er Jahren während der Zeit der amerikanischen Civil Rights Bewegung und Black Power Bewegung geschrieben hat. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt kam erstmals die Frage auf, welchen Raum afroamerikanische Frauen in dieser Ära des Umbruchs und der Selbstfindung einnahmen. Morrison entschloss sich bewußt, über die afroamerikanische Frau zu schreiben und brachte dadurch deren Stellung in der Rassen- und Genderfrage in den Mittelpunkt. Ihre weiblichen Charaktere verkörpern Morrisons Ansichten bezüglich einer positiven Entwicklung der afroamerikanischen Frau in ihrer Gemeinschaft (oft auch gegen ihre Gemeinschaft), in ihrer Suche nach ihrer individuellen Identität (Self) und ihrem Streben weg von ihrem Status als Randfigur (Other).
Diese Diplomarbeit untersucht das Ergebnis von Toni Morrisons Darstellung des Konflikts zwischen Self und Other und die Auswirkung dieses Kampfes auf die Gesellschaft. Es wird untersucht, wie Identitäten konstruiert werden und wie es passieren kann, dass jemand die Position des Other aufgedrängt bekommt. Die Autorin stützt sich in ihrer Analyse der Konzepte “Self” und “Other” hauptsächlich auf die Arbeiten von Michel Foucault und Stuart Hall. In einem weiteren Kapitel widmet sich die Autorin den stereotypen Verurteilen gegenüber afroamerikanischen Frauen und deren Wurzeln, sowie der Entwicklung der afroamerikanischen Autorin und den Themen, die sie in ihrer Literatur behandelt. Die Analyse von The Bluest Eye zeigt die Zerstörung einer afroamerikanischen Frau durch ihre Gemeinschaft, während in Sula das Hauptaugenmerk auf dem Konflikt der Gemeinschaft mit einer Frau, die sich dazu entschliesst, unabhängig zu leben, liegt.The Bluest Eye and Sula are Toni Morrison’s first two novels written in the United States in 1970s during the era of the Civil Rights Movement and the Black Power Movement. During this time the question arose as to where African American women fit in this era of change and self evaluation. Morrison chose to write about African American women in her fiction and subsequently brings to the center stage the plight that African American women faced because of their race and their gender. Her African American women characters embody Morrison’s thoughts as to how an African American woman needs to progress in her community or against her community in order to establish an individual identity/self and remove herself from her status as the marginalized Other.
This thesis identifies what Toni Morrison achieves by materializing the conflict of the self against the Other and its effect as a social statement. To answer this question it is examined how identities are constructed and how individuals find themselves placed in the position as the self or the Other. When arguing the concept of the self and the other the author of this thesis draws primarily from Michel Foucault and Stuart Hall’s analyses. Further along into the thesis the author analyzes stereotypes of African American women and where they originated, and how the role of the African American author has developed and what themes she chooses to include in her literature
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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