1,721,180 research outputs found

    Considerations on the subject of doping

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    The authors, beginning from the premise that doping, considered an elite practice until just a few years ago, has become increasingly common in professional and amateur sports, taking on the dimensions of a mass phenomenon, examine the Italian and international rules and regulations on the subject. Their conclusions point to the importance of a correct nosological characterization of the phenomenon in the interests of defining the limits of proper conduct for a physician administering pharmaceuticals to an athlete

    Healing and Repair of Wounds and Bones

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    In the field of forensic medicine, it is often of paramount importance to estimate accurately the time at which an injury was inflicted. This chapter illustrates what a forensic histopathologist needs to know in order to assess wound age. Knowledge of wound healing (WH) processes and of cellular-extracellular matrix (ECM) mediators is required to estimate wound age. In this chapter, in which studies conducted over the last decade are reviewed, the WH features that are most relevant to forensic studies and the most reliable markers of wound age assessment are described. Lastly, the new perspectives provided by omics sciences that pave the way for future interdisciplinary research are discussed

    Comparative analysis of European legislation on doping

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    The authors analyse legislation and regulations concerning doping in force in Belgium, Italy, Great Britain, Greece, Switzerland, France, Spain, Finland, Norway, Portugal, Luxemburg, Sweden, Germany, Austria and Denmark and examine the causes and the definition of doping as well as problems surrounding education and information, the tracing of forbidden substances, the determination of their use, and the controls and the sanctions provided. Prominence is given to those provisions which, according to the authors, have to be adopted from each law or regulation in order to form a homogeneous European regulation

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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