1,721,028 research outputs found
An integrated model of fight against adolescent substance abuse
No full textThe abuse of tobacco, drugs and alcohol among adolescents shows a growing trend that Countries all over the world have to face every day.
In the last twenty years, Iceland has studied the phenomenon in detail and has discovered crucial interventions that seem to have a significant impact on substance abuse among young people, hence was made the Youth in Iceland project, defining a new synergic approach based on collaboration between parents, schools staff, community members and adolescents.
Throughout the years the project has gained the attention of other EU Members that have decided to create a European project along the lines of the Icelandic one: Youth in Europe, born in 2005, which has grown over the years, receiving various funds from the EU and private entities, allowing it to expand in duration and to be still in progress nowadays.
Italian cities like Santa Severina in Calabria and Aprilia in Lazio are also part of the project, and more EU members will certainly take part at it in the coming years.
Beyond these sociological interventions there have been various scientific studies that have shown a link between smoking habits and drug abuse: the so-called gateway hypothesis has clarified the molecular mechanisms with which nicotine accentuates dependence on other drugs. This underlined the importance of an adequate campaign against all substances of abuse, starting with tobacco control.
Thanks to these evidences has emerged the importance of focusing on young people with projects involving them in first person, taking action within the communities in which they live and through their parents
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and low back pain among Italian nurses: An observational study
No full textBackground and aim of the work: Musculoskeletal disorders and low back pain have negative impact
amongst Italian nurses who work in hospital. Nursing staff are known to be at risk of developing back disorders, where low back pain has a prevalence from 16% to 60% in the world. This study aims to determine the
prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and low back pain among nurses who working in a Roman hospital.
Methods: Cross sectional study was carried out in an Italian hospital and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire-IRSST was administered to 256 registered nurses. Logistic regression analyses were performed to
understand risk factors associated with pain. Results: Nurses reported different locations of pain related to
musculoskeletal disorders. The prevalence of low back pain was 90.2% during life, 80% during the last year
and 44.5% during the last week. Female sex increases the risk of being affected by low back pain (OR = 2.07,
95% CI= 1.00-4.32). Conclusions: Musculoskeletal disorders and low back pain are reported by the majority
of nurses interviewed, and a higher prevalence is observed in women. Pain does not depend on the amount
of years of work, nor on age or body mass index. In order to assess the prevalence of low back pain carefully,
it is recommended to study a greater number of Italian nurses in different hospitals
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