1,720,953 research outputs found
Sistema de indicadores baseado nas metas dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável para avaliação da sustentabilidade urbana do Rio de Janeiro
No full textTese de Doutoramento em Sustentabilidade Social e Desenvolvimento, apresentada à Universidade AbertaA cidade do Rio de Janeiro enfrenta nos dias atuais os efeitos do seu processo histórico de urbanização desordenada e sem planejamento, um desafio permanente para os seus gestores públicos e para toda a sociedade civil, na medida em que esse ecossistema urbano tem sido cada vez mais pressionado pelo modelo de desenvolvimento predominante, que não tem sido capaz de equilibrar de forma sustentável as necessidades de crescimento econômico e o atendimento de demandas sociais e ambientais.
O estudo desenvolveu um sistema de indicadores para avaliação da sustentabilidade urbana do Rio de Janeiro, apresentando uma proposta para avaliar, à escala local, as metas dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS).
O resultado obtido representa uma contribuição útil para o entendimento de como os ODS podem orientar de forma abrangente a construção de sistemas de indicadores para avaliação da sustentabilidade urbana, servindo como um arcabouço geral com limites bem definidos para aplicação prática dos ODS a nível local.
Apesar das limitações do Quadro de Indicadores Globais para os ODS para este fim, a extensa pesquisa documental e revisão da literatura de onde foram obtidas listas de indicadores aderentes à realidade da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, somadas ao processo de cocriação conduzido com o uso de métodos participativos de atores-chave locais baseados na realização de grupos focais on-line e método Delphi, permitiu a identificação de novos indicadores para compor o sistema de indicadores desenvolvido, sua localização e contextualização ao espaço urbano do Rio de Janeiro, a qualificação da análise de relevância dos indicadores propostos e a validação do seu desenho final.
O estudo observa que os resultados obtidos foram influenciados pelo perfil dos participantes dos grupos focais on-line e do método Delphi, sugerindo que uma revisitação do processo participativo empregado possa ser conduzida em pesquisas futuras, modificando-se de forma controlada o perfil dos participantes nos grupos focais on-line e no método Delphi com o propósito de avaliar se o desenho do sistema de indicadores desenvolvido seria alterado.
Por outro lado, na medida em que a pesquisa produziu como resultado a estrutura de um sistema de indicadores adequado para avaliação da sustentabilidade urbana do Rio de Janeiro, sugere-se que trabalhos futuros envolvam a revisão e/ou a construção das fichas técnicas e metodológicas completas de todos os indicadores, independentemente do nível TIER apresentado por cada um.
Deve-se buscar também bases de dados adequadas, tornando os indicadores aptos a serem efetivamente utilizados em um processo de medição, conduzindo assim uma primeira experiência de uso que venha a prover os tomadores de decisão e formuladores de políticas públicas municipais com informações sobre a situação da cidade do Rio de Janeiro em relação aos ODS e suas metas.
O estudo sugere ainda a necessidade de aperfeiçoamento da formulação das metas dos ODS, pois a abrangência excessiva, a pouca clareza e o caráter aspiracional de algumas delas acaba por limitar o estabelecimento de indicadores apropriados para se medir o seu alcance, especialmente em nível local.
Apesar de se tratar de uma iniciativa com escopo bastante distinto daquele realizado nesta pesquisa, não se pode desconsiderar o fato de que indicadores servem como métricas para medição do alcance de metas e objetivos, e se estes são formulados sem o melhor uso da boa técnica e de práticas recomendadas, a formulação dos indicadores a eles associados pode se ver também prejudicada.
Recomenda-se então que este tema seja objeto de reflexão na ocasião da elaboração de uma nova agenda global para o desenvolvimento sustentável e de uma nova agenda para a sustentabilidade urbana.The city of Rio de Janeiro currently faces the effects of its historical process of unplanned and disorganized urbanization, posing a constant challenge for public managers and civil society alike. This urban ecosystem has been increasingly pressured by the prevailing development model, which has failed to sustainably balance the needs for economic growth with the fulfillment of social and environmental demands.
The study developed an indicator system to evaluate the urban sustainability of Rio de Janeiro, presenting a framework to assess, at the local scale, the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
The results represent a useful contribution to understanding how the SDGs can comprehensively guide the creation of indicator systems for urban sustainability assessment. They serve as a general framework with well-defined boundaries for the practical application of the SDGs at the local level.
Despite the limitations of the Global Indicator Framework for the SDGs in this context, the extensive documentary research and literature review—used to compile a list of indicators relevant to Rio de Janeiro’s reality, combined with a co-creation process conducted through participatory methods with key local stakeholders (via online focus groups and the Delphi method), enabled the identification of new indicators. These indicators were contextualized to Rio de Janeiro's urban space, qualified for relevance, and validated in the final design of the indicator system developed.
The study notes that the results were influenced by the profile of the participants in the online focus groups and Delphi method, suggesting that future research could revisit the participatory process by systematically altering participant profiles. This would help evaluate whether changes in participant demographics would impact the design of the indicator system.
On the other hand, given that the research resulted in a structured indicator system suitable for evaluating the urban sustainability of Rio de Janeiro, it is suggested that future efforts focus on reviewing and/or creating comprehensive technical and methodological sheets for all indicators, regardless of their TIER level.
Efforts should also be made to identify adequate databases, enabling the indicators to be effectively used in a measurement process. Such efforts would provide decision-makers and municipal policymakers with valuable insights into Rio de Janeiro’s situation concerning the SDGs and their targets.
The study further suggests the need to improve the formulation of the SDG targets, as their excessive scope, lack of clarity, and aspirational nature hinder the establishment of appropriate indicators to measure their achievement, especially at the local level.
Although this initiative differs significantly in scope, it cannot be ignored that indicators serve as metrics to measure the achievement of targets and goals. If these targets and goals are poorly formulated without the best use of sound technical practices, the associated indicators may also be compromised.
Thus, it is recommended that this issue be considered when drafting a new global agenda for sustainable development and a new agenda for urban sustainability
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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