85 research outputs found
Design and Development of a Spatial Mixed Reality Touring Guide to the Egyptian Museum
No full textMany public services and entertainment industries utilise Mixed Reality (MR) devices to develop highly immersive and interactive applications. However, recent advancements in MR processing has prompted the tourist and events industry to invest and develop commercial applications. The museum environment provides an accessible platform for MR guidance systems by taking advantage of the ergonomic freedom of spatial holographical Head-mounted Displays (HMD). The application of MR systems in museums can enhance the typical visitor experience by amalgamating historical interactive visualisations simultaneously with related physical artefacts and displays. Current approaches in MR guidance research primarily focus on visitor engagement with specific content. This paper describes the design and development of a novel museum guidance system based on the immersion and presence theory. This approach examines the influence of interactivity, spatial mobility, and perceptual awareness of individuals within MR environments. The developmental framework of a prototype MR tour guide program named MuseumEye incorporates the sociological needs, behavioural patterns, and accessibility of the user. This study aims to create an alternative tour guide to the human guide that is able to enhance the museum experience. The data gathering procedure examines the functionality of the MuseumEye application in conjunction with pre-existing pharaonic exhibits in a museum environment. This methodology includes a qualitative questionnaire sampling 102 random visitors to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. Results of this research study indicate a high rate of positive responses to the MR tour guide system, and the functionality of AR HMD in a museum environment. This outcome reinforces the suitability of the touring system to increase visitor experience in museums, galleries and cultural heritage sites
La redescription de l’anthropologie selon Marilyn Strathern
No full textCet article se penche sur la vision de la description anthropologique comme redescription élaborée par Marilyn Strathern. Il éclaire non seulement la façon dont les relations animent l’anthropologie de Strathern, mais aussi la façon dont celle-ci redécrit la discipline elle-même. En effet, la redescription n’est pas un « concept » qui nous permet de « comparer » des « sociétés ». Il s’agit plutôt d’une « relation », désignée comme telle parce qu’elle a besoin des autres pour fonctionner, et qui permet par conséquent d’envisager les connexions/distinctions interpersonnelles et conceptuelles sous un jour nouveau. L’article examine la série de relations qui composent la redescription selon Strathern – depuis le décentrement et l’analogie jusqu’aux rela-tions et à la politique –, soulignant d’emblée l’importance du décentrement qu’elle opère de deux termes clés en anthropologie : la société et l’individu. C’est de ce décentrement qu’émerge la créativité intellectuelle de Strathern : d’une réflexion sur la socialité et la dividualité à la critique de la comparaison classique ; du déploiement de la raison analogique à son travail d’écriture en tant qu’auteur-cyborg ; et du développement d’un nouveau genre anthropologique à la reconceptualisation de la politique anthropologique comme redescription des relations. En allant au cœur même de la pratique anthropologique élaborée par Strathern, en montrant comment chacune de ses analyses est reliée aux autres, cet article vise à initier un nouveau dialogue avec son œuvre. Si le style ethnographique de Strathern demeure un défi, éclairer la cohérence encore peu explorée de son projet redescriptif s’avère en effet une excellente façon d’entamer de nouvelles discussions.This paper elaborates on Strathern’s view of anthropological description as redescription. As such, it not only makes visible how relations animate Strathern’s anthropology, but captures how Strathern redescribes anthropology in turn. Indeed, redescription is not a « concept » that will help us « compare » « societies ». Rather it is a relation, so-called because it requires others to operate, and thus helps us see interpersonal and conceptual connections/ distinctions anew. The paper explores the series of relations that comprise Strathern’s redescription – from displacement and analogy to relations and politics – first emphasizing the importance of Strathern’s displacement of two key anthropological terms, that of society and the individual. From that displacement, it is shown that Strathern’s intellectual creativity follows : from her reflections on sociality and dividuality, to her critique of conventional comparison ; from her deployment of analogical reason, to her writing as cyborgian author ; and from the development of a new anthropological genre, to her reconception of anthropological politics as the redescription of relations. In going to the heart of Strathern’s anthropological practice, showing how each analytic is related to the other, the piece hopes to facilitate new engagement with her work. Although the challenge of her ethnographic style will remain, elucidating the rarely-explored coherence of her project is a good way to begin new discussions
The limits of the anthropological language in the works of Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and Marilyn Strathern
No full textThis thesis aims to compare the work of Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and Marilyn Strathern in terms of their meta-anthropological argumentation. To this end, an interpretation of the key moments of both authors' work is undertaken, with a focus on the theory of anthropology. For Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, the text focuses mainly on his conceptual work associated with the ontological turn. The concepts of perspectivism and multinaturalism and their thought context are introduced. For Marilyn Strathern, attention is focused on her melanesianist monographs in order to present the specifics of her argument, concepts such as the dividual and relationality are briefly introduced, and the author's critique of certain social science frameworks of analysis is mentioned. The intersection of the works is seen in the motif of perspective, but the work also draws attention to the limitations associated with the search for intersection. In the comparison, the author tries to create a contrast in the authors' approach by reconstructing selected parts of their arguments, which are always viewed through the logic of the other's work. The resulting confrontation shows the limits of both authors' works in terms of their concreteness and points of contention. Thus, through the optics of Strathern, de Castro does not...Předkládaná práce si klade za cíl porovnat dílo Eduarda Viveirose de Castra a Marilyn Strathern z hlediska meta-antropologické argumentace. Za tímto účelem je podniknut výklad stěžejních momentů díla obou autorů se zaměřením na teorii antropologie. U Eduarda Viveirose de Castra se text soustředí zejména na jeho konceptuální tvorbu spojenou s ontologickým obratem. Představeny jsou koncepty perspektivismu a multinaturalismu a jejich myšlenkový kontext. U Marilyn Strathern je pozornost zaměřena na melanesistické monografie s cílem představit specifika její argumentace, stručně jsou představeny pojmy jako dividuál či relacionalita, zmíněna je i autorčina kritika určitých sociálněvědních rámců analýzy. Průnik děl je spatřován v motivu perspektivy, práce však zároveň upozorňuje na omezení s hledáním průniku spojená. V komparaci se autor snaží vytvořit kontrast postupu autorů na základě rekonstrukce vybraných částí jejich argumentace, které jsou vždy nahlíženy logikou díla toho druhého. Vzniklá konfrontace ukazuje na limity díla obou autorů ve smyslu jejich konkrétnosti i sporných bodů. Optikou Strathern tak de Castro ve svých konceptech neuniká z potencialit západního jazyka. Strathern poté optikou de Castra nedokáže nabídnout plné vysvětlení studovaných fenoménů.Katedra sociologieDepartment of SociologyFaculty of Social SciencesFakulta sociálních vě
BINARY LICENSE
No full textThis article exploits the “binary license” offered by the title of the symposium in which it appears (“Comparative Relativism”) as a kind of promise of connection. The author suggests, however tentatively, that in the challenge of heterogeneity, fractality, perspective/-alism, and multiplicities lies the power of the forking pathway: the moment a relation is created through divergence. If we are invited—in the same breath—to consider forms of comparison and forms of relativism (dropping difference and similarity), we are also offered two paths, one based on a world of singularities and multiplicities, and the other on a world of not-quite repetitions. The article asks if the binary is not essential to the epistemic work that Western (Euro-American) scholars might want to do, since we forever reinvent the divide between the modern and the post-/pre-modern. Strathern assumes the anthropologist's license to talk about concepts through persons, and begins by asking how Papua New Guineans who come together in a city compare themselves, and in contrast to ethnic comparisons elsewhere (e.g., contra Sarah Green's Balkan interactions). In talking about persons through concepts, it is worth asking what is entailed in relativizing one scholar's work through that of another. The author says that her “hunch” is that in both cases the analyst might wish to have the liberty of discerning—in the same breath—the multiplicities of what John Law and Annemarie Mol call perspectivalism (their very general alternative to comparison) and Eduardo Viveiros de Castro's radically divergent perspectivism (a self-contained, recursive and above all socially specific relativism).</jats:p
Language trails: ‘Lekker’ and its pleasures
No full textThis is an article about bodily pleasures, words and some of the relations between them. It is a turn in a conversation between the author (‘me’) and Marilyn Strathern (‘Strathern’). It talks theory, but not in general. Instead, this theory gets situated in traditions; specified; in relation to concerns; and exemplified with stories to do with the term lekker. This article is in English, but lekker is not an English term. It is Dutch. The stories come from long-term field work in various sites and situations close to home for the author, who is also Dutch. They were driven by a concern with fostering bodily pleasures in contexts such as nursing homes and dieting practices where nutrients and calories are granted more importance. The difficulties of translating lekker (tasty? pleasant? delicious? fun? nice?) are used as a set of intellectual resources. In contrast to Strathern, the author insists on the fleshy particularities of the practices where lekker is spoken. Along with Strathern, the author seeks to escape nature/culture divides. Inspired by Strathern, the author follows lekker around merographically - that is, along iterative trails and between sites and situations that are connected, but only partially so. In homage to Strathern, finally, the author plays with the question of who the collective subject of anthropological theory - we - might be, and who belongs to the others that form its object - they
Avant-propos
No full textJe suis très reconnaissant à Caroline Sauvage et à Ariane de Saxcé pour leur assistance pour la traduction. Le thème des interactions est devenu un point clef des sciences humaines et sociales. Les concepts anglo-saxons d’entanglement (Thomas 1991; Barad 2007; Bynum 2009), enchainment (Strathern 1988), social interaction (Cerulo 2009), ecology of materials (Ingold 2012), ou relational sociology (Emirbayer 1997) mettent en valeur des relations plutôt que des entités. L’archéologie n’a pas écha..
Modelling Organisational Evolution and Change - a Complex Systems Modelling Perspective
No full textThe cumulative output of these papers emphasise that modelling organisational
evolution and change from a complex systems perspective makes a significant
contribution to organisational studies and brings new insight and understandings both
to theory and practice. It is also true that the studies and modelling presented in these
papers has pushed forward the boundaries of complex systems science, again both in
theory and practice.
The papers have made new findings and understandings of the processes, drivers and
outcomes of the evolution of social systems and organisations through the
development of new evolutionary models and frameworks that contribute both to
organisational and complexity sciences. They have through a number of innovations
based in complexity science addressed questions in organisational science concerning
the importance of knowledge and learning, together with questions about the
evolution and survival of organisations and industries. These innovations have played
back into and developed complexity science
Kontekstualny charakter wartości ekonomicznej
No full textThe category of the economic value should be considered in different dimensions. The author is presenting the problem of contextualism in economic studies in reference to works of S. Amsterdamski, E. Fromm, T.S. Kuhn, B. Malinowski, R.E. Nisbett, M. Strathern and M. Weber.Kategoria wartości ekonomicznej powinna być rozważana w różnych wymiarach. Powołując się na prace S. Amsterdamskiego, E. Fromma, T.S. Kuhna, B. Malinowskiego, R.E. Nisbetta, M. Stratherna i M. Webera, autor podejmuje problem kontekstualizmu w naukach ekonomicznych
Contextual nature of economic value
No full textThe category of the economic value should be considered in different dimensions. The author is presenting the problem of contextualism in economic studies in reference to works of S. Amsterdamski, E. Fromm, T.S. Kuhn, B. Malinowski, R.E. Nisbett, M. Strathern and M. Weber.Kategoria wartości ekonomicznej powinna być rozważana w różnych wymiarach. Powołując się na prace S. Amsterdamskiego, E. Fromma, T.S. Kuhna, B. Malinowskiego, R.E. Nisbetta, M. Stratherna i M. Webera, autor podejmuje problem kontekstualizmu w naukach ekonomicznych
STREGKODER, SPAREGRISE OG BARNEDÅB: Det islandske selv i entreprenørskab og navngivning
No full textThis article departs from the dualistic theory pre-eminent in anthropology that
there is a western and a non-Western notion of personhood: the „individual“
versus the „dividual“ (Strathern 1988). Recently, attempts are made to transcend
this dualism by emphasizing rationality and individualism in non-Western notions
of personhood, while the Western individualistic and rational notion of personhood
is left unchallenged. The author integrates analyses of Icelandic entrepreneurship
and of namegiving of Icelandic children and argues that the Icelandic notion of
personhood simultaneously allows for being „individual“ and „dividual“. Thus,
the article challenges established conceptions of the Western person.
 
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