126,100 research outputs found
NADES-assisted sample preparation as a greener alternative for mycotoxins determination in apple-based products
No full textWhile impressive advancements have been reported in mycotoxin analysis over the last decade, very little has been done to realign the sample treatment to the green sample preparation principles, which are arising more and more relevance in the current analytical chemistry. In this regard, this work proposes the first NADES-assisted sample preparation for the extraction of mycotoxins in food samples. Two protocols using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and DLLME with solidification of floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO) assisted with a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) were developed and assessed as green sample preparation procedures to extract mycotoxins from apple-based products prior to HPLC-MS/MS analysis. The selected mycotoxins were alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, tentoxin and ochratoxin A, which are known to occur in these food matrices. The main variables affecting the extraction efficiency, such as volume of dispersive and extraction solvents, as well as the salting-out effect were evaluated and optimized using a central composite design. In addition, both methodologies were examined and compared in terms of greenness using the newly released metric tool AGREEprep. Due to the use of NADES, the DLLME-SFO method achieved a higher greenness score, and it was selected for further characterization. Matrix-matched calibration curves were used, showing a satisfactory linearity (R2 > 0.99). Limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) were below 0.25 and 0.8 μg kg−1, respectively. Recoveries were above 72 % for all the mycotoxins studied in both apple juice and apple puree samples. The validated DLLME-SFO-HPLC-MS/MS method was applied to the analysis of commercial apple juice and puree samples. All the samples analysed were contaminated with at least one mycotoxin with a total concentration ranging from 0.4 to 10.5 μg kg−1
Differential modulation of the lipid signature in Zea mays L. resistant and susceptible inbred lines after Fusarium verticillioides infection
No full textLipidomics dataset obtained on a UHPLC-TWIMS-QTOF instrument for F. verticillioides infected mazie samples and used for the manuscript entitled "Differential modulation of the lipid signature in Zea mays L. resistant and susceptible inbred lines after Fusarium verticillioides infection" by L. Carbonell-Rozas et al., submitted to JAFC on December 2024.Peer reviewe
Naturalization record of Carbonell, Nestor L
No full textThe naturalization certificate for Nestor L. Carbonell of Cuba. Signed by Judge Barron Phillips
Fit-For-Purpose Method Development to Determine Co-Occurring Multiclass Mycotoxins in Apple and Apple Puree Samples
No full textDue to the impact of the climate change on mycotoxins production and their occurrence in foods, it is important to consider the potential accumulation of unexpected mycotoxins in matrices susceptible to be contaminated such as apples. In this regard, a fit-for-purpose LC–MS/MS method to determine co-occurring mycotoxins in apple purees has been proposed, considering the fungal profile isolated from stored apple fruits. Due to the isolation of Fusarium spp., fumonisins were included in the method along with Alternaria toxins (alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, and tentoxin), aflatoxins, and the only so far regulated patulin. The method was fully characterized in terms of linearity, sensitivity (LODs and LOQs below 0.4 and 1.4 μg kg−1, respectively, except for patulin being lower than 1.2 and 4.1 μg kg−1), precision, and recovery. The optimized method was then applied to the analysis of stored apples and apple purees from retail market. The preliminary survey brought the first evidence of FB1 occurrence in apple purees and highlighted the need for monitoring mycotoxins co-occurrence in apples and apple-based products
Occurrence of Ergot Alkaloids in Major and Minor Cereals from Northern Italy: A Three Harvesting Years Scenario
No full textErgot alkaloids (EAs), mycotoxins produced mainly by fungi of the Claviceps genus, have been frequently reported in rye, while their increasingly frequent occurrence in other cereals is likely related to weather conditions, with the incidence of ergot sclerotia in winter grains being related to heavy rainfall and moist soils at critical periods. However, compared to other regulated mycotoxins, data about the prevalence and occurrence of EAs in major and minor cereals harvested in the Mediterranean growing areas are still scant. In this regard, the current study reported the occurrence of EAs in 18 genotypes of winter cereals harvested over 3 years from an experimental field located in North Italy which were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS. Results indicate a widespread occurrence of all the major EAs in all the considered cereal crops, especially under supportive meteorological conditions. EA contamination was dependent on the harvest year (p < 0.0001) which was particularly high in 2020 for all the considered species. The results also demonstrated a large co-occurrence of EAs with 98 cereal samples out of 162 contaminated with at least one of the 12 EAs (60% positive samples) in the range LOD: 15,389 μg/kg (median value: 2.32 μg/kg), expressed as the sum of the EAs. Rye was confirmed to be the crop more susceptible to the fungal infection (EAs content up to 4,302 μg/kg). To the best of our knowledge, we have reported the accumulation of EAs in tritordeum (LOD: 15,389 μg/kg) and in emmer (LOD: 1.9 μg/kg) for the first time
Apple mycotoxins: From orchard to processed apple puree
No full textApples and apple-derived products can be contaminated with patulin and, to a lesser extent, aflatoxin B1 and fumonisins. Fruits were collected from Golden Delicious and Imperatore trees in three orchards in Veneto, Northern Italy, and analysed for the presence of fungi and mycotoxins. Sampling and analyses were also carried out from storage bins to final puree tanks along the apple-puree production chain. Alternaria spp. and Penicillium spp. were commonly isolated from apples collected in the field, but their presence varied with cultivar and orchard location. In contrast, Aspergillus section Flavi spp. and Fusarium spp. were only detected via direct isolation from chopped fruits. Patulin and Alternaria toxins were frequently identified in fresh fruits, while aflatoxins were also present in some fruits albeit at very low levels. Fungi were present in fruits entering the apple-puree production line, but not in apple puree after treatment at 95–105 °C. In contrast, the abovementioned mycotoxins were detected at all stages along the production line. Surprisingly, fumonisins were only detected after the apple puree was subjected to thermal treatment. Implications of these findings were discussed and few unresolved scientific questions were posed to stimulate further lines of study
Estudio, diseño y optimización de un envase para 8 l. de agua mediante inyección-soplado
No full textMira Carbonell, MJ. (2006). Estudio, diseño y optimización de un envase para 8 l. de agua mediante inyección-soplado. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/30846.Archivo delegad
Ion mobility-mass spectrometry to extend analytical performance in the determination of ergot alkaloids in cereal samples
No full textThis work evaluates the potential of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) to improve the analytical performance of current liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) workflows applied to the determination of ergot alkaloids (EAs) in cereal samples. Collision cross section (CCS) values for EA epimers are reported for the first time to contribute to their unambiguous identification. Additionally, CCS values have been inter-laboratory cross-validated and compared with CCS values predicted by machine-learning models. Slight differences were observed in terms of CCS values for ergotamine, ergosine and ergocristine and their corresponding epimers (from 3.3 to 4%), being sufficient to achieve a satisfactory peak-to-peak resolution for their unequivocal identification. A LC-travelling wave ion mobility (TWIM)-MS method has been developed for the analysis of EAs in barley and wheat samples. Signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) was improved between 2.5 and 4-fold compared to the analog LC-TOF-MS method. The quality of the extracted ion chromatograms was also improved by using IMS
Cabanchik, Samuel. Wittgenstein. Una introducción. Buenos Aires: Quadrata, 2010
No full textFil: Pereyra Rozas, Felipe. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina
L'1 d'octubre i els dies posteriors a l'escola catalana
No full textTaula rodona sobre l'1 d'octubre i els dies posteriors a l'escola catalana. Han participat: Jaume Carbonell, autor del llibre "L'educació és política" i Joan Vergés, professor de la UdG i director de la Càtedra Ferrater Mora. Moderador de la taula: Jordi Feu, professor de la UdG5375.mp4
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