1,721,010 research outputs found
Progetti urbani e progetti di paesaggio
No full textStarting from the considerations of the two papers of the international seminar of Otranto in 1996 on environmental sustainability, it comes back to reflect on the great metaphors of the Second World War (Green Belts, green hearts, corridors ...) used in projects of urban transformation that both were landscape projects
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Chemoprevention in gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma: for few but not for all?
No full textDespite the general progress of the last two decades in oncogenesis mechanism comprehension, in screening and surveillance programs, in technological support to diagnosis and in treatment protocols, the long-term survival of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients is not substantially changed. Therefore chemoprevention strategies still appear as a possible alternative to screening and surveillance programs in reducing the incidence and the mortality for GI cancer, at an acceptable cost/effectiveness ratio. The present review is focused on three GI cancers: esophageal adenocarcinoma, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer and their respective precarcinogenic lesions. The authors examine, for each neoplasia, the available chemopreventive agents, their mechanism of action in preventing cancer, the potential targets in the cell growth process, the cost/effectiveness ratio and, whenever present in literature, a comparison with other cancer prevention strategies. The authors conclude that, at present, with the available agents, chemoprevention is not indicated for all patients at low or moderate risk for GI cancer, and should not be considered as a substitute for endoscopic surveillance. In high-risk patients only, both chemoprevention and surveillance could be used. In future more specific agents and combined therapies should be tested in specific group of patients identified by their genomic susceptibility to develop cancer and responsiveness to therapy
Prevention of NSAID-induced gastroduodenal mucosal injury: meta-analysis of clinical trials with misoprostol and H2-receptor antagonists.
No full textIn order to provide a systematic overview of the available information on the prevention of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastrointestinal mucosal injury, we performed a meta-analysis based on all the in extenso published randomized clinical trials comparing H2-blockers or misoprostol to placebo for the prevention of NSAID-induced gastrointestinal mucosal injury in arthritis patients or normal subjects. The main endpoints after NSAID therapy were considered the number of subjects developing gastric ulcer, or clinically relevant gastric lesions (i.e. more than 10 erosions or 1 ulcer), or duodenal ulcer, or clinically relevant duodenal lesions (i.e. more than 10 erosions or 1 ulcer). The total number of patients studied was 1,955, and that of normal subjects was 715. Results were analyzed by the DerSimonian and Laird method, as well as by the Peto one. The data available from the trials suggest that misoprostol prevention is of benefit in patients under NSAID treatment for the prevention of NSAID-induced gastroduodenal mucosal injury. The effect of prevention is statistically significant with both methods, and ranges from -42% (duodenal ulcer) to -79% (gastric ulcer). The prevention estimates for gastric and duodenal erosions are in between. H2-blockers seem to be less effective: prevention is not indeed demonstrable for the more relevant lesions, like gastric and duodenal ulcer
Consensus Conference. La terapia delle malattie infiammatorie intestinali (MICI). Gastroenterology International, Edizione Italiana, 1993; 4: 84-89
No full textEpifanie vagabonde: la portabilità delle architetture pop-up
No full textLe architetture temporanee, investite di funzioni eterogenee e inedite, possono essere soluzioni efficaci per le trasformazioni urbane. Pensate come luoghi flessibili sono, talvolta, anticipatrici di tendenze progettuali a scala globale, creando usi prima impensati per un pubblico sempre più disancorato dalle modalità convenzionali di fruizione. Del resto, temporaneità, flessibilità e spettacolarità si affermano sempre più come caratteristiche dell’architettura contemporanea, dando vita a spazi dalla durata programmata e dall’essenza proteiforme
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