14,994 research outputs found
Oral History of Alexander "Alex" M. Capron
No full textThis interview with Professor Alexander “Alex” M. Capron, LLB, was conducted by Suzanne Snider on February 24 and February 25, 2023 in Newmarket, New Hampshire as part of Moral Histories: Voices and Stories from the Founding Figures of Bioethics, an oral history project of the Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics. Prof. Capron is Professor Emeritus of Law and Medicine at University of Southern California (USC); Scott H. Bice Chair Emeritus in Healthcare, Law, Policy & Ethics; and Founding Co-Director of Pacific Center for Health Policy and Ethics at USC. Prof. Capron was born in Hartford, CT in 1944. His areas of expertise include psychoanalysis, bioethics and the law, public health law, brain death, and definitions of death.On Day 1, Prof. Capron speaks of his early life in California and describes his parents as early influences. Prof. Capron describes studying abroad in Germany as a high school senior in 1961, where he found parallels between his German peers’ reticence to discuss World War II in school and the lack of concern for racial segregation among his fellow high school students in his hometown of Palo Alto, CA. He describes his involvement in the civil rights movement while enrolled at Swarthmore College, and, later, at Yale Law School. Prof. Capron identifies fairness, justice, choice, and respect as throughlines that would connect his early interests in civil rights to his later work in psychoanalysis, law, and bioethics. He describes his time as a judicial clerk in 1969-70 for Chief Judge David Bazelon of the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. Prof. Capron discusses Jay Katz’s work and philosophy on experimentation on human beings, which emphasizes a systemic rather than individualized approach. Prof. Capron describes consent as a shared process, and bioethics as a necessarily interdisciplinary field where collaboration occurs to address real life problems.On Day 2, Prof. Capron traces his path to The Hastings Center as a founding Fellow in 1970. He contextualizes The Hastings Center’s orientation towards patient autonomy and anti-paternalism during its early years, noting the publication of the first article about the United States Public Health Service Syphilis Study (informally referred to as the Tuskegee experiments) in 1972, and the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research (known as the National Commission), formed in 1973. Prof. Capron talks about an influential 1972 article he published with Leon Kass that proposed a definition of the standards for determination of human death, that ultimately was incorporated into the 1981 model state statute known as the Uniform Death Determination Act. This brought public attention to the practical work coming out of The Hastings Center. Prof. Capron offers an expanded description and discussion of the criteria for so-called “brain death.” He tells a story about a research participant named “Mrs. Kim” from a USC’s Pacific Center for Health Policy and Ethics study about the sociological considerations of advance directives. Prof. Capron emphasizes the importance of a universal legal definition of death by telling the story of Jahi McMath, a child who was declared dead by neurological criteria in California in 2013 but who was transferred to New Jersey at her family’s wishes where she continued to receive care under that State’s different policy regarding the definition of death (circulatory-respiratory death).Prof. Capron discusses teaching at University of Pennsylvania Law School (Penn Law), University of Southern California Law School, and Georgetown University Law. He highlights one course he taught at Penn Law in the 1970s which brought an interdisciplinary group of students together to apply their respective disciplinary perspectives to bioethics issues. Prof. Capron recounts his role as Executive Director of the first presidential commission on bioethics, the President’s Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and in Biomedical and Behavioral Research, from 1980-1983. He talks about the commission’s strategic approach, assembling its members, and the difference between recommendations and reports. He discusses his international bioethics work at the World Health Organization in Geneva in the early 2000s, when he focused on organ transplantation and research ethics. He discusses some of the concerns associated with gene therapy; his role as President of the World Congress of Bioethics in 1996 in San Francisco; and finally, how he plans to spend his recent retirement.This interview may be of interest to those wishing to learn more about the field of bioethics; early history of bioethics in the US; presidential bioethics commissions; international bioethics; student civil rights activism; bioethics, law, and psychology; the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC) and gene therapy; definitions of death; brain death; organ transplantation
Oral History of Alexander "Alex" M. Capron
No full textThis interview with Professor Alexander “Alex” M. Capron, LLB, was conducted by Suzanne Snider on February 24 and February 25, 2023 in Newmarket, New Hampshire as part of Moral Histories: Voices and Stories from the Founding Figures of Bioethics, an oral history project of the Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics. Prof. Capron is Professor Emeritus of Law and Medicine at University of Southern California (USC); Scott H. Bice Chair Emeritus in Healthcare, Law, Policy & Ethics; and Founding Co-Director of Pacific Center for Health Policy and Ethics at USC. Prof. Capron was born in Hartford, CT in 1944. His areas of expertise include psychoanalysis, bioethics and the law, public health law, brain death, and definitions of death.On Day 1, Prof. Capron speaks of his early life in California and describes his parents as early influences. Prof. Capron describes studying abroad in Germany as a high school senior in 1961, where he found parallels between his German peers’ reticence to discuss World War II in school and the lack of concern for racial segregation among his fellow high school students in his hometown of Palo Alto, CA. He describes his involvement in the civil rights movement while enrolled at Swarthmore College, and, later, at Yale Law School. Prof. Capron identifies fairness, justice, choice, and respect as throughlines that would connect his early interests in civil rights to his later work in psychoanalysis, law, and bioethics. He describes his time as a judicial clerk in 1969-70 for Chief Judge David Bazelon of the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. Prof. Capron discusses Jay Katz’s work and philosophy on experimentation on human beings, which emphasizes a systemic rather than individualized approach. Prof. Capron describes consent as a shared process, and bioethics as a necessarily interdisciplinary field where collaboration occurs to address real life problems.On Day 2, Prof. Capron traces his path to The Hastings Center as a founding Fellow in 1970. He contextualizes The Hastings Center’s orientation towards patient autonomy and anti-paternalism during its early years, noting the publication of the first article about the United States Public Health Service Syphilis Study (informally referred to as the Tuskegee experiments) in 1972, and the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research (known as the National Commission), formed in 1973. Prof. Capron talks about an influential 1972 article he published with Leon Kass that proposed a definition of the standards for determination of human death, that ultimately was incorporated into the 1981 model state statute known as the Uniform Death Determination Act. This brought public attention to the practical work coming out of The Hastings Center. Prof. Capron offers an expanded description and discussion of the criteria for so-called “brain death.” He tells a story about a research participant named “Mrs. Kim” from a USC’s Pacific Center for Health Policy and Ethics study about the sociological considerations of advance directives. Prof. Capron emphasizes the importance of a universal legal definition of death by telling the story of Jahi McMath, a child who was declared dead by neurological criteria in California in 2013 but who was transferred to New Jersey at her family’s wishes where she continued to receive care under that State’s different policy regarding the definition of death (circulatory-respiratory death).Prof. Capron discusses teaching at University of Pennsylvania Law School (Penn Law), University of Southern California Law School, and Georgetown University Law. He highlights one course he taught at Penn Law in the 1970s which brought an interdisciplinary group of students together to apply their respective disciplinary perspectives to bioethics issues. Prof. Capron recounts his role as Executive Director of the first presidential commission on bioethics, the President’s Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and in Biomedical and Behavioral Research, from 1980-1983. He talks about the commission’s strategic approach, assembling its members, and the difference between recommendations and reports. He discusses his international bioethics work at the World Health Organization in Geneva in the early 2000s, when he focused on organ transplantation and research ethics. He discusses some of the concerns associated with gene therapy; his role as President of the World Congress of Bioethics in 1996 in San Francisco; and finally, how he plans to spend his recent retirement.This interview may be of interest to those wishing to learn more about the field of bioethics; early history of bioethics in the US; presidential bioethics commissions; international bioethics; student civil rights activism; bioethics, law, and psychology; the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC) and gene therapy; definitions of death; brain death; organ transplantation
Imagining a New World: Using Internationalism to Overcome the 10/90 Gap in Bioethics
No full textThe IAB Presidential Address was delivered by Alexander Capron to the internationally gathered audience at the Closing Ceremony of the 8th World Congress of Bioethics, Beijing on 9th August 2006
Douglas Alexander Stewart, poet, author and playwright
No full textDouglas Alexander Stewart, poet, author and playwrigh
Looking Back at the President's Commission
No full textCapron, former executive director of the President's Commission for
the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral
Research, reviews the work of the Commission and addresses the question of
whether another such body is needed. He sums up the characteristics and
functions of the Commission, pays tribute to a predecessor, the National
Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral
Research, and outlines the areas of the President's Commission's work. He
foresees the need for future commissions to analyze new issues, supplement the
work of the President's Commission, and monitor the activities of federal
departments and agencies. (KIE abstract
Special Issues in Bioethics and the Law
No full textGenetics and Insurance Discrimination lecture given by Alexander Morgan Capron, Henry W. Bruce University Professor of Law and Medicine, Co-Director of the Pacific Center for Health Policy and Ethics at University of Southern California.
The Repression of Memory Controversy lecture given by Elizabeth Loftus, Professor of Psychology and Adjunct Professor Law at the University of Washington, Seattle.
Healthcare Reform: Threats to the Patient/Physician Relationship lecture given by David Orentlicher, Director of the Division of Medical Ethics at the American Medical Association.
Healthcare and Medical Progress: Can We Afford It? lecture given by Daniel Callahan, Co-Founder and President of the Hastings Center, Briarcliff Manor New York
Author inscription in William Hazlitt, essayist and critic; selections from his writings, with a memoir, biographical and critical by Alexander Ireland
No full textAuthor's gift inscription, "To W. C. Hazlitt Esq with kind regards, from Alexr Ireland," with tipped-in review of the book.ASU Library edition has inscription from Ireland to Hazlitt [a child of William Hazlitt?].
Hazlitt , William, 1778-1830.
Ireland, Alexander, 1810-1894
The Author of the Alexander Romance
No full textThis paper, which is based on a portion of the introduction of the author’s edition of Il Romanzo di Alessandro (Mondadori: Fondazione Valla 2007), surveys the generic components of the Alexander Romance in an attempt to arrive at a definition of the work. The argument builds on Merkelbach’s categorisation of elements and uses Fusillo’s insight into the novel as an ‘encyclopaedic genre’ to propose that ‘historical novel’ is not, as Hägg contended, a misnomer for the work. The main components I discuss are: ‘life’; praxeis; chreiai; Cynic elements, including choliambic poetry and utopian perspectives; and the Egyptian aspects of the narrative. A concluding jeu d’esprit offers a characterisation of the putative author, his antecedents and his process of composition.Richard Stoneman was for 25 years editor for classics at Croom Helm and then Routledge. In 1997 he was appointed an Honorary Fellow in the department of classics, University of Exeter. After retiring from publishing in 2006 he has been pursuing his researches on the Alexander legends and teaching a course on the subject at Exeter. His Penguin translation of the Alexander Romance was published in 1991, and a volume of translated Legends of Alexander the Great appeared from Everyman in 1994. Also in 1994 he co-edited Greek Fiction with John Morgan. His edition of the Greek recensions of the Alexander Romance was published (volume I) by the Fondazione Valla in 2007 – volumes II and III will follow over the next few years – and his Alexander the Great: A Life in Legend appeared from Yale University Press in spring 2008. He is the author of a number of other books on Greek history and travel, and is writing a book on oracles
Author Correction: The dengue-specific immune response and antibody identification with machine learning
No full textCorrection to: npj Vaccineshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-023-00788-7, published online 20 January 2024 In this article, the affiliation details for author Alexander Horst were incorrectly given as Alexander Horst1,2 but should have been Alexander Horst1 and other affiliations are renumbered. The original article has been corrected
ETHICAL ISSUES IN GOVERNING BIOBANKS: GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES
No full textNotes on the contributors -- Acknowledgements -- 1. Introduction: biobanks, genomics, and research a nightmare for public policy makers? / Alex Mauron -- Pt. 1. Research biobanks: current status and debates -- 2. Biobanks in the literature / Bartha Maria Knoppers and Ma'n H. Abdul-Rahman -- 3. Guidelines on biobanks: emerging consensus and unresolved controversies / Effy Vayena, Agomoni Ganguli-Mitra and Nikola Biller-Andorno -- Pt. II. Consensus and controversies among international experts concerning issues raised by genetic databases -- 4. Ethical issues regarding research biobanks: aims, methods, and main results of a qualitative study among international and US experts / Nikola Biller-Andorno, Andrea Boggio, Bernice Elger, Agomoni Ganguli-Mitra, Alex Capron and Alex Mauron -- 5. Consent and use of samples / Bernice Elger -- 6. Consent to research involving human biological samples obtained during medical care / Bernice Elger -- 7. Collective consent / Agomoni Ganguli-Mitra -- 8. Withdrawal of consent and destruction of samples / Bernice Elger -- 9. Anonymization and coding / Bernice Elger -- 10. Informing participants about research results / Andrea Boggio -- 11. Ownership of samples and data and territorial restrictions concerning data and samples beyond national boundaries / Andrea Boggio -- 12. Public domain sharing, patents, and fees resulting from research involving genetic databases / Andrea Boggio -- 13. Benefit-sharing and remuneration / Agomoni Ganguli-Mitra -- 14. Transfer of samples and sharing of results: requirements imposed on researchers / Andrea Boggio -- Pt. III. Shaping the future legal and ethical development of genetic databases -- 15. Towards an international framework: results of a meeting of an international group of scholars and scientists involved in legal and practical issues of biobanks / Alex Mauron -- 16. Biobanks and genomic research: what shape the future? / Alex Capron -- Inde
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