1,720,980 research outputs found
Gender Disparity in Surgical Research: An Analysis of Authorship in Randomized Controlled Trials
Full text linkIntroduction: Despite increasing female representation in medical fields, women remain underrepresented in high-impact authorship positions. This study examines gender disparities in authorship of randomized controlled trials in general surgery journals over the past 20 y. Methods: Utilizing PubMed and the Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate, 2023), we identified 8810 randomized controlled trials from 117 surgery journals, filtering down to 5694 studies for final analysis. Gender identification was performed using Genderize.io. Results: Results indicate that women accounted for 26.4% of first authorships and 18.7% of last authorships. Logistic regression revealed that a male last author significantly increases the likelihood of a male first author (odds ratio 2.68; 95% confidence interval 2.18-3.32). Over time, there is a positive trend in female authorship, with high correlation coefficients for both first (Spearman's correlation coefficient 0.916, P < 0.005) and last (Spearman's correlation coefficient 0.878, P < 0.005) authors. Interestingly, journal quartiles did not significantly influence the gender of first authors. Conclusions: These findings suggest persistent gender inequity in surgical research authorship, influenced by mentorship dynamics. The study underscores the need for strategies to enhance female representation in academic leadership to foster a more equitable scholarly environment. Limitations include reliance on Genderize.io for gender determination and the focus on general surgery journals, which may omit relevant studies from other domains. Overall, this research highlights incremental progress toward gender equality in surgical academia, advocating for continued efforts to close the gender gap
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Prognostic significance of pathological sub-classification of pT3 rectal cancer
No full textPurpose: Patients with pT3 rectal cancer represent a heterogeneous prognostic group. A more accurate histological sub-classification of pT status has been suggested as an improvement of the TNM staging system. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic implication of a histopathologic sub-classification of pT3 rectal cancer. Methods: In this retrospective single-center study, pT3 rectal cancer patients who underwent surgery from January 2000 to December 2018 were evaluated. The maximum depth of tumor invasion beyond the muscularis propria was recorded. A ROC curve identified the best prognostic cutoff value to classify patients in two prognostic groups. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and univariate and multivariate analyses with the Cox regression model were used to find independent factors influencing survival. Results: Overall, 203 patients were included. Four millimeters was identified as the best cutoff value: 82 patients showed a depth of invasion < 4 mm (group A) and 121 ≥ 4 mm (group B). Both the estimated 5-year OS and DFS were statistically better in group A than in group B (OS: 83.9% vs 62.2%, p < 0.01; DFS: 78.3% vs 40.6%, p < 0.01). The depth of tumor invasion was an independent risk factor for OS (HR 2.25, 95% CI 1.26-3.99, p = 0.006) and DFS (HR 2.30, 95% CI 1.40-3.78, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a sub-classification of pT3 rectal cancer, based on the depth of tumor invasion, should be considered to be introduced in the TNM staging system
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
LINGUE CHE FANNO SPAZIO: IL LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE TRA RICERCA, TERRITORI E SOCIETÀ: Contributi di Lucia Aletto, Rosana Ariolfo, Francesca Romana Branciari, Lorenzo Cambi, Laura Campanale, Francesca Capelli, Giulia Conti, Elisa Corino, Valentina De Iacovo, Sara Di Giovannantonio, Vincenzo Gannuscio, Eugenio Goria, Grieta Dzergaca, Chiara Facciani, Giorgio Furfaro, Andrea Ghirarduzzi, John Hajek, Máté Huber, Ioannidou Victoria, Luca Melchior, Daniela Mereu, Viola Monaci, Yasmina Moussaid, Paolo Nitti, Alessandro Oricchio, Antonio Oštarić, Silvia Palermo, Monica Palmerini, Sonia Paone, Martina Petrò, Daniela Puolato, Chiara Ronchetti, Gabriella Sgambati, Raymond Siebetcheu, Siyuan Liu, Yisu Wang, Andrea Zentainé Kollár
No full textContributi di Lucia Aletto, Rosana Ariolfo, Francesca Romana Branciari, Lorenzo Cambi, Laura Campanale, Francesca Capelli, Giulia Conti, Elisa Corino, Valentina De Iacovo, Sara Di Giovannantonio, Vincenzo Gannuscio, Eugenio Goria, Grieta Dzergaca, Chiara Facciani, Giorgio Furfaro, Andrea Ghirarduzzi, John Hajek, Máté Huber, Ioannidou Victoria, Luca Melchior, Daniela Mereu, Viola Monaci, Yasmina Moussaid, Paolo Nitti, Alessandro Oricchio, Antonio Oštarić, Silvia Palermo, Monica Palmerini, Sonia Paone, Martina Petrò, Daniela Puolato, Chiara Ronchetti, Gabriella Sgambati, Raymond Siebetcheu, Siyuan Liu, Yisu Wang, Andrea Zentainé Kollár
 
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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