1,721,481 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Immunohistochemical detection of dog allergens Can f 1, Can f 2 and Can f 3 in tissues from dogs
Get PDFPälsdjursallergi och däribland allergi mot hundar drabbar både barn och vuxna och är relativt vanligt förekommande i den industrialiserade delen av världen. I dagsläget finns kännedom om sex hundallergener varav fyra utgörs av lipokaliner, en viktig proteinfamilj i allergensammanhang. Bland de sex allergenerna finns även albumin och ett kallikrein. Hundsaliv ses idag som en viktig källa till allergenspridning, dels via kontakt med hundsaliv men även via spridning av saliv till hundens päls när hunden slickar sig varpå allergenerna överförs till miljön med päls och mjäll. I dagsläget saknas studier där allergenförekomst i olika vävnader hos hund har studerats med immunohistokemi. I denna studie har därför immunohistokemisk evaluering av tre av de idag kända allergenerna, Can f 1, Can f 2 och Can f 3, genomförts i tunga och hud från 14 hundar samt parotisspottkörtel från 10 hundar. I studien användes Vectastain Elite Mouse IgG ABC Kit, 3-3’-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride för antigendetektion samt primärantikroppar i form av mus-IgG framtaget mot rekombinanta former av Can f 1 och Can f 2 samt naturligt Can f 3.
Resultatet visar på en tydlig detektion med anti-Can f 1-antikropparna i tungans epitel (13/14 hundar) samt i mindre grad i viabla epidermis (4/14) och hårfollikelceller (5/14). En tydlig detektion med anti-Can f 3-antikropparna var vanligt förekommande i bindvävsstrukturer i samtliga tre undersökta vävnader. Anti-Can f 3 gav även upphov till detektion av varierande grad i viabla epidermis (13/14), basalmembran mellan epidermis och dermis (14/14) och runt hårfolliklar (14/14), samt i hårfollikelceller (14/14). Någon tydlig detektion kunde inte påvisas med anti-Can f 1 och anti-Can f 2 i parotisspottkörtelns sekretoriska delar. En svagare detektion i körtelns bindvävsstrukturer, som var starkare/intensivare jämfört med kontroller, kunde dock ses med anti-Can f 1 (7/10).
Allergenförekomst i saliven med senare spridning över hundens hud och päls skulle kunna förklara antigendetektionen med anti-Can f 1 i tungepitel respektive viabla epidermis och hårfollikelceller. Detta via diffusion in i cellerna från saliven. Även produktion av Can f 1 i dessa lokalisationer är en tänkbar orsak till detektionen. Albumin förekommer även extravaskulärt, varför detektionen i bindvävsstrukturer med anti-Can f 3 kan motsvaras av förekomst av albumin/Can f 3. Detektionen med anti-Can f 3 i övriga hudstrukturer kan vara orsakad av diffusion av allergenet från bindväven.
Grad av antigendetektion tenderade till att variera mellan olika hundar, vilket skulle kunna relateras till individuella skillnader i utsöndring av allergener och allergenförekomst hos olika hundindivider. Det ofta framförda resonemanget att hundallergiker tål vissa hundar men inte andra skulle kunna relateras till detta. Frånvaron av tydlig detektion med anti-Can f 1 och anti-Can f 2 i parotisspottkörtlens sekretoriska delar motsäger inte allergenförekomst i denna lokalisation, utan talar snarare för behovet av fortsatt utveckling av metoden för att möjliggöra framtida allergendetektion i denna vävnad.Dog allergy and allergy to furry animals in general is relatively common in the industrialized part of the world. Up until today six different allergens have been identified in the dog, four of them belonging to the lipocalin protein family, one consists of dog albumin and the last one is a kallikrein. Dog saliva is considered to be a major allergen source, partly by direct contact with saliva, but also through spreading of saliva to the fur when the dog is grooming. Subsequent shedding of dander and fur spreads allergen to the environment. The present study sets out to evaluate the presence of three different dog allergens, Can f 1, Can f 2 and Can f 3, in tongue and skin from 14 dogs and parotid gland from 10 dogs. In the study we used the Vectastain Elite Mouse IgG ABC Kit, 3-3’-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride for antigen detection and IgG primary antibodies produced in mice against recombinant forms of Can f 1 and Can f 2 and the natural form of Can f 3.
We could see a clear detection with the anti-Can f 1 antibodies in tongue epithelium (13/14) and to a lesser extent in viable epidermis (4/14) and cells of hair follicles (5/14). Anti-Can f 3 gave a distinct detection in connective tissue in all three organs studied. With anti-Can f 3, a detection of variable degree was also seen in viable epidermis (13/14), basement membrane beneath epidermis (14/14), basement membrane around hair follicles (14/14) and in cells of hair follicles (14/14). With anti-Can f 1 and anti-Can f 2, no clear detection was seen in the secretory parts of the parotid gland. However, detection more intense than with the negative controls was seen in connective tissue within the gland with anti-Can f 1 (7/10).
The presence of allergens in saliva with subsequent spreading to the dog’s hair and skin could explain the antigen detection seen with anti-Can f 1 in tongue epithelium, viable epidermis and cells of hair follicles, if spreading of allergens into these locations by means of diffusion is considered a possibility. Production of Can f 1 in these cells may also be considered as a cause to the detection seen. Albumin is present in the extravascular compartments and detection with anti-Can f 3 in connective tissue can therefore be caused by presence of the allergen. The detection seen with anti-Can f 3 in other locations of the skin is possibly caused by diffusion of the allergen from the surrounding connective tissue.
The level of antigen detection seemed to vary between different dogs, which could mirror individual differences in allergen expression and spreading amongst dogs. This could be in accordance with the often clamed situation whit people allergic to dogs seeming to react to some dogs while tolerating others. The absence of antigen detection with anti-Can f 1 and anti-Can f 2 in the secretory parts of the parotid gland does not contradict the presence of these allergens in the gland. Instead it prompts for further development of the detection method used in this study, to enable future allergen detection in this tissue
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