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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Aproximação do desenvolvimento da teoria da substituição constitucional na Colômbia
No full textThrough a review of academic literature and a review of case law, this article seeks to present an overview of the changes in the control of constitutionality of constitutional reforms throughout Colombian constitutional history. To this end, (i) an attempt will be made to induce a textual interpretation of the 1991 Constitution that can be considered erroneous, subsequently, (ii) the origin of the ideas that justify the theory of the substitution of the Constitution will be explained, (iii) it will synthesize the Colombian constitutional history concerning the control of constitutionality of the forms and the inclusion in its texts of eternal clauses, it will relate (iv) the arrival of the theory of substitution to the Colombian constitutional jurisprudence of the 1991 Constitution, and it will present (v) the methodology designed to define when the Constitution is or is not substituted. Finally, (vi) the challenges regarding the theory of the Constitution will become evident. We concluded that the control of these reforms is before the 1991 Constitution, does not imply the creation of stony clauses, and presents democratic challenges.Realizando una revisión de literatura académica y una revisión jurisprudencial, este artículo busca presentar un panorama general de los cambios a en el control de constitucionalidad de las reformas constitucionales, a lo largo de la historia constitucional colombiana. Para ello, (i) se tratará de inducir a una interpretación textual de la Constitución de 1991 que se puede considerar errónea, posteriormente, (ii) se explicará la proveniencia de las ideas que justifican la teoría de la sustitución de la Constitución, (iii) se sintetizará la historia constitucional colombiana respecto del control de constitucionalidad de las formas y de la inclusión en sus textos de cláusulas pétreas o de eternidad, se relatará (iv) la llegada de la teoría de sustitución a la jurisprudencia constitucional colombiana de la Constitución de 1991, y se presentará (v) la metodología diseñada para definir cuándo se sustituye o no la Constitución. Finalmente, (vi) se harán evidentes los retos respecto de la teoría de la Constitución. Se concluye que el control a estas reformas es anterior a la Constitución de 1991, no implica la creación de cláusulas pétreas y presenta retos democráticos.Realizando uma revisão da literatura acadêmica e uma revisão da jurisprudência, este artigo busca apresentar um panorama das mudanças no controle de constitucionalidade das reformas constitucionais, ao longo da história constitucional colombiana. Para isso, (i) será feita uma tentativa de induzir uma interpretação textual da Constituição de 1991 que pode ser considerada errônea, posteriormente, (ii) será explicada a origem das ideias que justificam a teoria da substituição da Constituição, (iii) sintetizar-se-á a história constitucional colombiana quanto ao controle de constitucionalidade das formas e a inclusão em seus textos de cláusulas pétreas ou de eternidade, relatar-se-á (iv) a chegada da teoria da substituição à jurisprudência constitucional colombiana do Constituição de 1991, e (v) será apresentada a metodologia destinada a definir quando a Constituição será substituída ou não. Por fim, (vi) os desafios quanto à teoria da Constituição ficarão evidentes. Conclui-se que o controle dessas reformas é anterior à Constituição de 1991, não implica na criação de cláusulas pétreas e apresenta desafios democráticos
Aproximação do desenvolvimento da teoria da substituição constitucional na Colômbia
No full textThrough a review of academic literature and a review of case law, this article seeks to present an overview of the changes in the control of constitutionality of constitutional reforms throughout Colombian constitutional history. To this end, (i) an attempt will be made to induce a textual interpretation of the 1991 Constitution that can be considered erroneous, subsequently, (ii) the origin of the ideas that justify the theory of the substitution of the Constitution will be explained, (iii) it will synthesize the Colombian constitutional history concerning the control of constitutionality of the forms and the inclusion in its texts of eternal clauses, it will relate (iv) the arrival of the theory of substitution to the Colombian constitutional jurisprudence of the 1991 Constitution, and it will present (v) the methodology designed to define when the Constitution is or is not substituted. Finally, (vi) the challenges regarding the theory of the Constitution will become evident. We concluded that the control of these reforms is before the 1991 Constitution, does not imply the creation of stony clauses, and presents democratic challenges.Realizando una revisión de literatura académica y una revisión jurisprudencial, este artículo busca presentar un panorama general de los cambios a en el control de constitucionalidad de las reformas constitucionales, a lo largo de la historia constitucional colombiana. Para ello, (i) se tratará de inducir a una interpretación textual de la Constitución de 1991 que se puede considerar errónea, posteriormente, (ii) se explicará la proveniencia de las ideas que justifican la teoría de la sustitución de la Constitución, (iii) se sintetizará la historia constitucional colombiana respecto del control de constitucionalidad de las formas y de la inclusión en sus textos de cláusulas pétreas o de eternidad, se relatará (iv) la llegada de la teoría de sustitución a la jurisprudencia constitucional colombiana de la Constitución de 1991, y se presentará (v) la metodología diseñada para definir cuándo se sustituye o no la Constitución. Finalmente, (vi) se harán evidentes los retos respecto de la teoría de la Constitución. Se concluye que el control a estas reformas es anterior a la Constitución de 1991, no implica la creación de cláusulas pétreas y presenta retos democráticos.Realizando uma revisão da literatura acadêmica e uma revisão da jurisprudência, este artigo busca apresentar um panorama das mudanças no controle de constitucionalidade das reformas constitucionais, ao longo da história constitucional colombiana. Para isso, (i) será feita uma tentativa de induzir uma interpretação textual da Constituição de 1991 que pode ser considerada errônea, posteriormente, (ii) será explicada a origem das ideias que justificam a teoria da substituição da Constituição, (iii) sintetizar-se-á a história constitucional colombiana quanto ao controle de constitucionalidade das formas e a inclusão em seus textos de cláusulas pétreas ou de eternidade, relatar-se-á (iv) a chegada da teoria da substituição à jurisprudência constitucional colombiana do Constituição de 1991, e (v) será apresentada a metodologia destinada a definir quando a Constituição será substituída ou não. Por fim, (vi) os desafios quanto à teoria da Constituição ficarão evidentes. Conclui-se que o controle dessas reformas é anterior à Constituição de 1991, não implica na criação de cláusulas pétreas e apresenta desafios democráticos
Aproximación al desarrollo de la teoría de la sustitución de la Constitución en Colombia
No full textThrough a review of academic literature and a review of case law, this article seeks to present an overview of the changes in the control of constitutionality of constitutional reforms throughout Colombian constitutional history. To this end, (i) an attempt will be made to induce a textual interpretation of the 1991 Constitution that can be considered erroneous, subsequently, (ii) the origin of the ideas that justify the theory of the substitution of the Constitution will be explained, (iii) it will synthesize the Colombian constitutional history concerning the control of constitutionality of the forms and the inclusion in its texts of eternal clauses, it will relate (iv) the arrival of the theory of substitution to the Colombian constitutional jurisprudence of the 1991 Constitution, and it will present (v) the methodology designed to define when the Constitution is or is not substituted. Finally, (vi) the challenges regarding the theory of the Constitution will become evident. We concluded that the control of these reforms is before the 1991 Constitution, does not imply the creation of stony clauses, and presents democratic challenges.Réalisant une revue de la littérature académique et une revue de la jurisprudence, cet article vise à présenter un aperçu des changements dans le contrôle de la constitutionnalité des réformes constitutionnelles, tout au long de l'histoire constitutionnelle colombienne. Pour ce faire, (i) on tentera d'induire une interprétation textuelle de la Constitution de 1991 qui pourra être considérée comme erronée, par la suite, (ii) on expliquera l'origine des idées qui justifient la théorie de la substitution de la Constitution, (iii ) l'histoire constitutionnelle colombienne sera synthétisée en ce qui concerne le contrôle de la constitutionnalité des formes et l'inclusion dans ses textes de clauses de pierre ou d'éternité, il sera rapporté (iv) l'arrivée de la théorie de la substitution à la jurisprudence constitutionnelle colombienne du Constitution de 1991, et (v) la méthodologie visant à définir quand la Constitution est remplacée ou non sera présentée. Enfin, (vi) les défis concernant la théorie de la Constitution deviendront évidents. Il est concluque le contrôle de ces réformes est antérieur à la Constitution de 1991, n'implique pas la création de clauses de pierre et présente des défis démocratiquesRealizando uma revisão da literatura acadêmica e uma revisão da jurisprudência, este artigo busca apresentar um panorama das mudanças no controle de constitucionalidade das reformas constitucionais, ao longo da história constitucional colombiana. Para isso, (i) será feita uma tentativa de induzir uma interpretação textual da Constituição de 1991 que pode ser considerada errônea, posteriormente, (ii) será explicada a origem das ideias que justificam a teoria da substituição da Constituição, (iii) sintetizar-se-á a história constitucional colombiana quanto ao controle de constitucionalidade das formas e a inclusão em seus textos de cláusulas pétreas ou de eternidade, relatar-se-á (iv) a chegada da teoria da substituição à jurisprudência constitucional colombiana do Constituição de 1991, e (v) será apresentada a metodologia destinada a definir quando a Constituição será substituída ou não. Por fim, (vi) os desafios quanto à teoria da Constituição ficarão evidentes. Conclui-se que o controle dessas reformas é anterior à Constituição de 1991, não implica na criação de cláusulas pétreas e apresenta desafios democráticos.Realizando una revisión de literatura académica y una revisión jurisprudencial, este artículo busca presentar un panorama general de los cambios a en el control de constitucionalidad de las reformas constitucionales, a lo largo de la historia constitucional colombiana. Para ello, (i) se tratará de inducir a una interpretación textual de la Constitución de 1991 que se puede considerar errónea, posteriormente, (ii) se explicará la proveniencia de las ideas que justifican la teoría de la sustitución de la Constitución, (iii) se sintetizará la historia constitucional colombiana respecto del control de constitucionalidad de las formas y de la inclusión en sus textos de cláusulas pétreas o de eternidad, se relatará (iv) la llegada de la teoría de sustitución a la jurisprudencia constitucional colombiana de la Constitución de 1991, y se presentará (v) la metodología diseñada para definir cuándo se sustituye o no la Constitución. Finalmente, (vi) se harán evidentes los retos respecto de la teoría de la Constitución. Se concluye que el control a estas reformas es anterior a la Constitución de 1991, no implica la creación de cláusulas pétreas y presenta retos democráticos
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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